职称英语卫生类阅读理解练习

1、职称英语卫生类阅读理解练习 (1)SaunaCeremonial bathing has existed for thousands of years and has many forms, one of which is the sauna. The Finns have perfected the steam bath，or sauna, which may be taken, usually in an enclosed room, by pouring water over hot rocks or as a dry heat bath. The Japanese,Greeks, Tu

2、rks and Russians as well as Native Americans have forms of the sweat bath in their bathing rituals. Dry heat and steam baths hadadvocates in ancient Rome and-Co'lumpbreian Americans used sweat lodges.The earliest saunas were probably underground caves heated by a fire that naturally filled with

3、smoke as chimney making was unknown at that time. A fire kept in a fire-pit would heat the rock walls of the cave. After reaching full heat, the smoke was let out of the cave and the stones would retain heat for several hours. A few peopletoday say that the smoke sauna,s，aviusstahuenoanlytrue sauna

4、experience andthat all saunas should have at least a background odor or smoke. Today most saunas use electric stoves, although gas and wood-burning stoves are available.Saunas are relaxing and stress relieving, Those with muscle aches or arthritis may find that the heat relaxes muscles and relieves

5、pain and inflammation. Asthma patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing. Saunas do not cure the common cold but they may help to alleviate congestion arid speed recovery time. The body 'csore temperature usually rises a 1-2 degrees while in the sa

6、una, thus imitating a slight fever. The sauna could be considered to follow the old saying “feed a cold ， starve a fever 'The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold in the first place.Sauna is good for your skin as the blood flow to the skin increases and sweatingoc

7、curs. Adults sweat about 2 lbs8 of water per hour on average in a sauna. A good sweat removes dirt and grime from pores and gives the skin a healthy glow. The loss in water weight is temporary as the body' s physiological mechanisms will quickly reproper volumes. The cardiovascular system9 gets

8、a work out10 as the heart must pump harder and faster to move blood to the surface for heat exchange. Heart rate may increase from 72 beats per minute on average to 100-150 beats per minute.A normal heart can handle these stresses but those with heart trouble wishing to begin to use a sauna should s

9、eek a doctor' s advice. The elderly and those withshould check with their doctor prior to beginning to take saunas. Pregnant women should not take saunas,particularly in the first three months. Indeed, everyone just starting out should take short sessions11 at first to become accustomed to this

10、type of bath.词汇：sauna n.芬兰式蒸汽浴，桑拿浴con gesti on n.阻塞;拥塞odor n.气味，味道arthritis 关节炎inflammation n. 炎 症grime n.污垢;尘垢cardiovascular adj. 心、血 管的diabetes n糖尿病注释：l. ceremo nial bathi ng:仪式性的沐浴。许多宗教都有这种以沐浴作为仪式的习2. pre-Columbia n America ns:哥伦布前的美洲人。 Columbia n 是 Columbus 的形 容词形式，意思是 哥伦布的 ;pre是前缀，意思是:在 前。pre-C

11、olumbian America ns,其完整的意思是:哥伦布发现美洲大陆前的美洲人。3. fire-pit: 火槽4. relaxi ng and stress relievi ng:能使人放松并消除压力。5. alleviate con gesti on and speed recovery time 減轻胸闷感，加快康复的速度。6.imitate: to appear like; resemble:像;类似7.feed a cold, starve a fever:谤伤风时宜吃，发热时宜饿；伤风不怕吃，热病不 怕饿。8.1b: pou nd(磅)的缩写形式。9. cardiovascul

12、ar system:心 血管系统10. a work out:做名词用，意为运动，锻炼。11. sessi on s:做某事或进行某活动的)一段时间练习：1. Ceremonial bathing .A) is called the sauna by FinnsB) is equivalent to the steam bathC) has various formsD) is held in an enclosed room2. What is understood by some people to be the true sauna experience?A) Saunas in und

13、erground caves.B) Saunas with smoke.C) Saunas using wood burning stoves.D) Saunas using electric stoves.3. According to the third paragraph, saunas can do all of the following EXCEPT.A) reducing the chance of getting coldB) speeding recoveryC) relieving stressD) curing asthma4. According to the four

14、th paragraph, sauna gives the skin a healthy glow because.A) pores are cleaned by sweatB) water is lost by sweatingC) blood moves to the surface for heat exchangeD) the heart pumps harder and faster5. Who are advised not to take a sauna?A) Elderly people.B) Pregnant women.C) People with heart troubl

15、e.D) All of the above.答案与题解：1. C 第一段的第一句告诉我们， ceremonial bathing 有多种形式，其中一种是 sauna。所以只有C是正确的选项。2. B根据文章第二段的第四句，smoke sauna被有些人认为是真正的 sauna。句 中a background odor也是指烟熏的气味。3. D 该段最后一句说 The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold; 第四句说 they may help to . speed recovery time;

16、第一句说 Saunas are . stress relieving。 所 以， A、B、C 都是桑拿可以做的。第三句说 Asthma patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing,这缺乏以说明桑拿有治愈哮喘的作用。因此，应选择 D 项。4. A 该段第三句提供了答案。5. D 文章最后一段告诫几种人不能蒸桑拿浴，包括心脏病患者、老人、糖尿病 患者、孕妇等。所以 D 是正确的选项。参考译文桑拿浴仪式性的沐浴已经有几千年的历史，并 S 有多种形式，其中的一种就是

17、桑拿 浴。芬兰人完善了蒸汽浴，也就是桑拿浴。它可以在一个封闭的房间里将水浇在 滚烫的石头上，或是一种干热浴。日本人、希腊人、土耳其人、俄国人以及美洲 土着人在他们的沐浴传统中都有发汗浴这一形式。用干热浴发汗的方式是古罗马 优先使用的，而哥伦布发现美洲大陆前的美洲人那么使用发汗小屋。最早的桑拿浴很有可能是在地下山洞里。由于当时还没有掌握烟?技术，山洞里总是充满着火焰引起的。人们在火槽里生火，加热山洞的四壁。当墙壁到达一 定的温度时，将浓烟排出洞外，这使得墙壁还能保持几个小时的高温。今天，有 一些人认为有烟的桑拿浴， 烟熏桑拿 ， 才是真正的桑拿体验，而所有的桑拿 浴都应该至少有烟熏或烟味儿的背景。现在，尽管煤油炉和烧木头的火炉仍然可 以使用，大多数的桑拿浴都是用电妒。桑拿浴能使人放松并消除压力。肌肉疼痛或关节炎都可以利用桑拿浴的热气 减轻疼痛和炎症。 热气还可以拓展哮喘患者的肺部通道，使呼吸更加顺畅。桑 拿浴并不能治愈普通的感冒，但它可以减轻患者的胸闷感，加快康复的速度。在 蒸桑拿浴时，人体温度通常会上升 12 摄氏度，就像 发低烧一样的感觉。因此， 蒸桑拿可以说是印证了一句老话： 伤风时宜吃，发热时宜饿。 定期 蒸桑拿浴 可以在第一时间预防感冒的发生。蒸桑拿对皮肤也有好处，它可以促进皮肤的血