九年级英语第十七单元Whatwasitusedfor-

1、九年级英语第十七单元What was it usedfor ?科目 英语年级 初三文件middle3 unit17。1。doc标题章节 第十七单元关键词内容一、教法建议【 抛砖引玉 】单元双基学习目标I。 词汇学习market，bridge，museum，crossing across，group，glass- topped，point surprise，teapot，thermos，thirsty，found，sign，entrance，exit，smokeon show，hundreds of，a group of，at，be surprised，make tea，move on，down

2、，wear it a lot，goacross the bridgen。 句型学习pointbreakTurn right at the second crossingTake the second turning on the left。The P。R。C was founded on October 1，1949。 川。语法学习 一般过去时被动语态的构成及运用。IV。交际英语问路和应答；常见的标志和说明【 指点迷津 】 单元重点词汇点拨1。market市场；集市；销路She went to the market to but vegetables。The market for cotton

3、 is weak。 棉花的销路不旺。点拨market指经常出售货品的“市集”，fair指定期的“集市”，一般在乡下或小镇举行。2。bridge桥We built five bridges last year。The bridge was built five hundred years ago。点拨burn ones bridges背水一战，不留后路。3。museum博物馆I visited the museum yesterday。 我昨天参观了博物馆。I went to the Palace Museumin Beijing last year去年我参观了北京故宫博物馆。点拨the Bri

4、tish Museum不列颠博物馆。4。crossing十字路口；人行横道；交叉点We must look at traffic lights at crossing。 在 十字路口一定要看交通信号灯。This is crossing of two roads交叉点。 这是两条路的点拨at a crossing在十字路口。5。across横过；穿过； 在.的另一边（介词）I walked across the street。 我横穿大街。He swam across the river。 他游过河去。There is a bridge across the rive。The hospital

5、is across the street。 医院在街对面。点拨across主要强调从某物的一端横越到另一 端。through强调从中间穿过。6。group组，一组。The students discussed these questions ingroups。 学生们分组讨论了这些问题。一组A group of students are planting trees学生在植树点拨a group of一群（组）。in a group =in groups成群地7。point指；旨向；指引（动词）He pointed at the picture on the wall。 他指着墙上的画He po

6、inted the way to the station。车站的路。他指引到He pointed to the birds in the tree树上的鸟。 他指着点拨point at sth表示指点近处的物体。point to sth。 表示指向远处的某物。8。surprise 1 ）使惊奇；使感意外（动词）The news greatly surprised us。=We weresurprisedgreatly at the news。 这消息使我们大为吃惊。2 ）惊奇，诧异（名词）He heard the news without surprise。个消息后，并不感到惊奇。他听到这点拨

7、to ones surprise使某人吃惊的是。insurprise吃惊地。9。thirsty口渴的（形容词）I feel thirsty。 我口渴Salty food makes us thirsty。 咸的食品使我们 口渴。点拨thirsty的比较级、 最高级有两种形式：thirstier，thirstiest或加more，most。be thirsty for渴望。thirst是名词“渴”。10。PLA中国人民解放军He is a PLA man。 他是一位中国人民解放军。点拨PLA的全称为Peoples Liberation Army11。PRC中华人民共和国（全称为Peoples R

8、epublic ofChina ）The Peoples Republic of China was founded in 1949。12。Party共产党（小写指党、政党；聚会）The Communist Party of China was founded in 1921。点拨join the Party入党。13。found成立；建立（动词）They founded this school last year。点拨found的过去式、过去分词为founded。founder为创始人。14。sign标志；符号；迹象；招牌The“Stop”sign changes“go”红灯变成了绿灯。（交

9、通信号）These are traffic signs。 这些是交通标志。The weather shows no signs of getting better。 天气没有好转的迹象。He made a sign for me to follow him。 他打了个手势，要我跟着他去。Shops often have signs outside showing what the shops sell。商店常在外面挂个牌子标明所出售的东 西。15。entrance入口；入场；进入（名词）This is the entrance to the cinema院的入口。He passed the e

10、ntrance examination for college他通过了大学的入学考试Her father made a sudden entrance然进来了点拨entrance后常接to表示“.的入口”。其动词为enter。16。exit出口；太平门There is another exit in the building。 这栋建筑还有另外一个出口。smoke 1 ）吸烟，冒烟（动词） 2 ）烟（名The fireplace is smoking。 壁炉是冒着烟。这是电影她父亲突17My father is always smoking。 我父亲老是吸烟。 点拨have asmoke抽烟。

11、单元词组思维运用1。in the centre of在.的中心We live in the centre of the city。 我们住在该城市中心。He placed the roses in the centre of the dining- room table。 他将玫瑰花放 在餐桌中央。2。on show展览，陈列She was fond of looking at new dress on show。What is on show in the Museum ?There will be something new on show next month in Wuhan。 下个月

12、在武汉有些新东西展览。3。hundreds of数面Hundreds of workers work in this factory。 数百名工人在这个工厂工作。4。point at （用手）指向，指出One of the boys was pointing at something in the garden。 其中一个男孩，用手指向花园里的一件东西。The teacher is pointing at the map of China on the wall。老师指着墙上的中国地图。Its rude to point your finger at people。 用 手指人是不礼貌的。5。

13、these days现在，目前；如今He is working hard these days。 他现在工作很 努力。Toms trouble is very commonto boys these days。 汤姆的毛病在如今男孩中是很普遍的。6。move on动身，出发，继续往前走They keep moving on from one place to another。 他们一直从一个地方走到另一个地方。It was raining hard，but the officer told us to move on。 天下着大雨，但长宫叫我们继续前进。7。begin with以. 开始We

14、began with the first lesson。 我们从第一课开始。8。end with以.结束He ended his letter with good wishes to the family。 他以向全家问好结束了他的信。Thats what we did in China in the old days before thermoseswere invented。 那就是在旧中国， 暖瓶发明以前我们的作法。He could remember the things in the old days。10。look up查阅If you dont know the meaning o

15、f a word，look it up in adictionary。 如果你不懂某个词的意思， 可以查一个字典。You can look up her telephone number in the book。 你可以在电话号码本查一下她的电话号码。11。get out ( of )出来，离开There were so many people in the doorway that we couldhardly get out。 问口有那么多人，我们简直走 不出去了。He gets out the lift。 他从电梯里面出来了。We got out of the cinema at 10

16、: 30。二、学海导航【 学法指要 】单元句型思路明晰1。 表语从句的句型Thats what we did in China in the old days。那就是我们中国从前的作法。明晰What we did China in the old days是表 语从句。表语in the old days (在)从前，过去从句在句中作表语，它位于主句的连系动 词之后。又如：Thats why she is so happy。This is what we want。The question is whether can finish our work by tomorrowevening。2。m

17、ake +宾语+动词原形It makes me feel thirsty。 它使我感到口渴。明晰make在此句中是“使，迫使”之意。make sb。do sth。 是一种跟不带to的不定式的结 构，feel thirsty就是不带to的不定式，作句中宾语me的宾语补足语。He made them fear him。他使他们惧怕他。在被动语态中，make后面的不定式带to。 如：He was made to do it。 别人使他做的。在主动语态的句子中，在feel，hear，see，listen to，notice，watch，make，have，let等动词之后的宾补，不定式通常不带to。但

18、是在被动语态的句子中，这些动词后不定式要带to。例如：主动语态：Weheard him sing in the next room。 被动语态：Hwwas heard to sing in the next room。单元难点疑点释疑1。What was it used for ?它用来干什么的?释疑这是一般过去时的被动语态，助动词be根 据人称的变化，变为was或were。I was called Xiao Mao at that time。 那时人们叫我小毛。They were sent here by Uncle Wang yesterday。 他们是王大叔昨天送到这里来的。2。Can

19、you tell me the way to the museum，please ?请问你能告诉我去博物馆的路吗?释疑下面问路的方式很常见：Where is the museum，please ?请问博物馆在哪里?How can I get to the museum?我怎么去博物馆呢?Which is the way to the museum ?哪条路是通向博物馆的?3。Turn right at the second crossing。 在第二个十字路口处向右拐。释疑这句话也可说成Take the second turning on the right。4。Go across the b

20、ridge。 穿过那座桥。释疑( 1 ) across为介词，“横过，穿过”cross为动词，“横过，穿过”。crossing为名词， “十字路口；人行横道；交叉点”。例如：He can swim across the river。 他能游过河去。He swims very well。He can cross the river他游泳游得很好，他能游过河。Our school is on the corner of the crossing我们学校在十字路口的拐角处。( 2 )辨异：介词across强调的是“横穿”，而介词through则强调“从.中间穿过”。例如：释疑( 1 ) miss为动

21、词时意为：fail to hit，catch，find，meet，hear，see，etc。 即： 没打着，没赶上，没发现，没遇见，没听见，没看见等。例如：He missed the ball。 他没接着球。Did you miss the early bus ?你没赶上早班车吗?Im sorry I missed you at the station。 很抱歉，我在车站没见到你。He never missed a days work一天工作。Go through the back door，and youll find abeautifulgarden there。 穿过后门，你就会看到那里

22、有一个漂亮的花园5。You cant miss it你不会看到它的他从来没( 2 ) miss在口语中，还常常用作“惦记，想念”。 例如：We all miss you very much。 我们都想念你。You dont know how I miss you。 你可不知道我 是多么惦记你。( 3 )表示没做成什么事情时，要用miss doing something这一形式。例如：I got up late this morning。I missed catching the train at 6 : 40。今天早晨起床迟了，没能赶上6：40的那趟火车。6。Go up this road t

23、o the end。 沿着这条路 一直到尽头。释疑在看地图时，有“上北下南”之说，句中的up即属这种用法。7。Last week，a group of Class 3 students decided to goto the museumin the centre of the town。 上星期，三班的一组学习决定去参观城镇中心的博物馆。释疑( 1 ) group为名词，意为“组，群，队”。 又如：There are five students in their study group。他们的学习小组有5位学生Look ! Groups of children are playing on

24、theground。 瞧，三五成群的孩子在操场上玩耍。( 2 ) decide to do sth。 “决定干某事”。例如：Were decided to visit the East Lake next week。 我们决定下星期去东湖游玩。Where will you decide to go in the holiday ?假期你准备到什么地方去?8。They saw many old things on show in glass- topped tables。 他们观看了玻璃桌面的桌子里展览 的许多古老的东西。释疑( 1 ) on show“展览，陈列”。例如：The picture

25、s on show are drawn by her。 展出的图画都是她画的。My handwriting will be on show next week。 我的书法将于个个星期展出。Whats on show tonight ? (根据具体情景，可译为)今晚上演什么电影?或：今晚有什么(电视)节目?( 2 )介词短语作定语时，放在它所修饰的名词后面， 如不只一个介词短语，语序与汉语的相反。所以，句中 的on show须放在in glass - toppedtables前面。例如：Can you see the cat under the table in corner你看见墙角桌子下面的

26、那只猫吗?The woman with a baby on her back is Li Mings mother。9。Some of the things were hundreds of years old。其中一些物品距今已有几百年的时间了。释疑hundreds of“数百. ”，其中hundreds是名词复数，例如：hundreds of children几 百个孩子，hundreds of flowers好几百种花注意：one hundred，two hundred，three hundred中的hundred是数词，不可加s。10。She pointed at one of the

27、 things。她指着其中一件物品。释疑在这里point为动词，“指，指向”。例 如：It is not polite to point at a person。指着别人是失礼的。He pointed to the house at the foot of the hilland said :“That is my home。”Can you point out the two mistakes in this sentence ?你能指出这句子的两处错误吗?11。It says here，on this card，that itwas used in playso这儿，在这张卡片上写着，那是

28、戏剧中用的。释疑(1 )“上写着”，英语用动词say。又如：New Year to you。 ”这里有一张你的明信片，上面写 着“祝你新年快乐”。The blackboard says that well have a football matchagainst Class Two tomorrow。 黑板上写着明天 我们有一场对二班的足球比赛。( 2 )宾语从句前由于有逗号断开，连接记号that不可省略。Here is a postcard for you。It saysHappy12。She was surprised。 她感到惊奇。释疑( 1 ) surprise作动词用，指“使人惊奇，

29、使人意外”。例如：What he said surprised us他讲的话使我们感到惊讶。Did the bad news surprise her ?这坏消息使她感到意外吗?( 2 ) surprised作形容词用，说明主语的状态，意为“惊讶的”。例如：I was much surprised at the result我对结果真美丽! )释疑用否定疑问句表示惊叹，标点符号用感叹号14。It was used for keeping tea hot after it was made。 那是在茶泡好后用来保温的。释疑( 1 ) keeping tea hot中的形容词hot作 宾语tea的

30、宾语补足语。例如：Please keep your eyes closedYou must keep the room clean间清洁。( 2 ) make tea“沏茶，泡茶”。又如：But in England we still make tea in teapots然而在英国，我们仍然在茶壶里泡茶。15。Thats what we did in China in the old days。 那就是中国在古老的时候，我们所采用的沏茶 方法。释疑( 1 ) what we did in China in the old days是表语从句。感到诧异They were all surpris

31、ed to hear that听到那件事，他们都觉得奇怪13Isnt it beautiful !它不美丽吗? (它请一直把双眼闭你们务必保持房用来指课文前面提到的把小茶壶放在另一个大罐子里保 温的方法。16。It makes me feel thirsty。它使我感到口 渴。释疑feel thirsty是不带to的动词不定式， 在句中作宾语me的补足语。17。The group of girls all moved on and had a good drinkof tea together，from a modern thermos !这一群女生都继续往前走去，从现代的保温瓶里倒了茶， 一

32、起痛痛快快地喝了个够。释疑( 1 )副词on放在动词后，表示动词继 续下去。又如：They worked on there though it was raining heavily。虽然当时下着大雨，他们仍在那里干活。He walked on and on。At last he got out of the forest。他走啊走啊，最后走出了树林。( 2 ) have a drink of tea“喝茶”注意下列带有have一词短语的含义：have a look瞧一瞧，havea rest休息一下，have a try试一试，have a walk散散步，have ameeting开会是什

33、么时候成立的?释疑句中的Party第一个字母大写，指的是中 国共产党，英文( 2 ) what we did字面含义“我们所做的”。这里18When was the party founded中国共产党全称为：the Chinese Communist Party或the Communist Party ofChina。19。It was founded on July 1，1921。 他是1921年7月1日成立的。释疑( 1 )表示在几月几号时，要用介词on， 如果只有表示在哪个月，则用介词in。例如：in January在元月( 2 ) July 1的正式写法为July lst。 读作Ju

34、ly the first。20。You can see these signs in a museum。 在 博物馆里，你能够看到这些标志。释疑sign“标志，符号”。例如：Dark cloud is a sign of rain象。You must know the traffic signs。 你必须知道各种交通标志。21。Where else can you see them ?你还能在别 的地方看见它们吗?释疑( 1 ) else为副词，“别的”其他的”放在疑问副词或疑问代词后。又如：乌去是下雨的迹What else can you do ?你还能做什么?Who else will g

35、o there with me ?还有谁将和我 一起去那里?( 2 ) else还经常放在不定代词后使用，22。Look up the new words in a dictionary。在词典里查这些生词。释疑( 1 ) look up在此作“查阅”，注意不可说look a dictionary。( 2 )当look up的宾语为代词时，必须把代词放在up之前。23。 相似词find与found的区别释疑find (找到， 发现)， 过去式和过去分词 为found，found。found (成立，建立)，过去式和过去分词为founded，founded。When was the Party

36、founded ?党是什么时候建立的?He opened the box。and found it empty。 他 把这箱子打开，发觉它是空的。He found that the door was closed。 他发现门已关了。他在城里He founded a hospital in the town创办了一所医院24。 行为动词do的用法释疑do通常意谓“工作”或“从事某项活动”，当我们说起某项工作或活动，而又不确指某项活 动时，常用do来表达。如：Do something !做点什么吧!What are you doing ?你在干什么?Im reading。 我在读书。(即：That

37、swhat Im doing。)What did you do this morning ?你今天上午做了什么事?了。(即：Thats what Ive done。)2意谓“做”的do，常与some / any / no连用 如：Havent you got anything to do ?你有什么事可干吗I wrote some lettersThats what I did。)What have you doneIve broken this glass我写了几封信。(即：你干了什么事呀?。 我把这玻璃杯打碎Im not going to do any workIve got nothin

38、g to do我没事可干。我将什么也不做。3可用do来避免重复前面已用过的动词。Mary works 16 hours a day。I dont know how she does it。 玛丽每天工作16小时，我不知道她是怎 样工作的。That the dog for a walk。 Ive already done it。你带狗去散散步。 我已经这样做了。 在简略答语中，可用do避免重复问句中的动词。 如：Does he also study English ?Yes，he does。/ No，he does not。4动名词前的do，do +动名词可表示指明的工 作。如：do ( som

39、e ) shopping买东西/ do the washing洗 衣服，do ( a lotof ) swimming (常)游泳/ do some reading读点书5do和make的比较：make常用来表达“制造或创造”，do表示从事某 一活动，但含义不明确。试比较：What are you doing ?你在做什么?What are you XXX ?你在制做什么?A cake。 蛋糕。do和make都有各种固定的组合，例如：do the homework做功课/ do the housework做家 务/ do theIm XXX a cake我在做蛋糕cooking烹调/ do s

40、hopping购物/ do ones best尽力而为/ dosomeone a favour帮某人 的忙/ do good ( harm ) to sb。 对某人有好(坏)处。/ be made of用制造/ be made from由制造/ makea face扮鬼脸/ make fun of嘲笑/ make money赚钱/ makeprogress前进，进步/ make ready to准备好/ make the best of充分利用/ make up ones mind下 决心/ make use of利用25。 问路和应答释疑( 1 )常用的问路表示方法：Excuse me。Wh

41、eres the post office ?请问去邮局的路怎么走?Excuse me。Can you tell methe way to the bank ?你能告诉我去银行的路怎么走吗?How can I get to the police station ?怎样才能到警察局?Excuse me。Can you show me the way to the hospital ?你能告诉我去医院怎么走吗Which direction is it to the theater方向走才能到达剧院?（ 2 ）常用的指路表达Go along this street，take the second tu

42、rning on the right。 沿着这条街走，在第二个路口向右拐。朝哪个GO straight ahead，its about two hundredmetres from here。 一直朝前走，离这大约200米远。The restaurant is across the street from the hotel，you cantmiss it。 餐馆就在旅馆的街对 面，你不会找不到的。Go that way for two blocks，them turn left atthe first crossing。 朝那边走两个街区，然后在第一 个十字路口向左拐。26。 常见的标志和说

43、明释疑BUSINESS HOUE营业时间OFFICE HOURS工作时间OPEN营业中CLOSED关门PULL拉PUSH推ON （机器、电器等）开着，正在运转等OFF （机器、电器等）关着，不运转ENTRANCE入口EXIT出口INSTRUCTIONS说明、须知FRAGILE易碎的THIS SIDE UP把这面向上MENU菜单NO SMOKING请勿吸烟NO PARKING禁止停车NO PHOTOS禁止拍照DANGER危险PLAY播放STOP停止PAUSE暂停【 妙文赏析 】1。No Use CleaningDad : This damned (该死的) watch stopped again

44、。I have toget it cleaned。Son : Its no use cleaning it，Dad。I washed it for you last nightwhen I was washing my face。2。Is Sunday Their Day Off ?Teacher : A farmer collects ( every day。So how many eggsdoes he collect in a week ?Student : That depends on （取决于） whether his hens workon Sundays。3。A good Dr

45、eamMike : Kate，I dreamed （作梦） a good dream last night。I got full marks for maths。Do you know what it means ?Kate : Yes。It means you studied very hard in dreams。4。Where Are the Alps ?One day Ann was doing her homework。Suddenly （突然）she asked her father， “Dad，where are the Alps（阿尔卑斯山），do you know ?”“Go

46、 and ask your mother， ”said her father。 “I don tknow where she put them。”5。Very Expensive （贵）A man was watching a basketball game with hisfive - year - old son on his knees （膝盖）。Suddenly the boy asked。“ Is the ball veryexpensive,Dad ?”“What makes you think so ?”the father asked。收集) five eggs“If not，

47、 ”said the little boy， “whydoesnt each of them buy one for himself ?”【思维体操 】请同学们开动脑筋解答下列问题1。Terry is older than Mark and Samis younger than Terry。Which of the following statements is most accurate ?( a ) Sam is older than Mark。( b ) Sam is younger than Mark。( c ) Sam is as old as Mark。( d ) It is im

48、possible to tell whether Samor Mark is older。2。Which of the five makes the best comparison ?Leap is to peal as 8326 is to :2368 6283 2683 6382 3628( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d ) ( e )3。Anne received ?o。59 change from a supermarketpurchase (购买物) Of the eleven coins she received in change，three were exactly

49、alike。These three coins had to be :PENNIES NLCKELS DIMES QUARTERS HALF DOLLARS( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d ) ( e )( dime 1角硬币，nickel l5分镍币，pennies 1分 硬币)答案：1。D Without more information it is impossible to tell。We only know that both Mark and Sam are younger than Terry。2。D Substitutenumbers for letters: L =

50、8，E =3，A =2，P =6。Peal =6328。3。B Four dimes，three nickels，and fourpennies is the only solution。三、智能显示【 心中有数 】 单元语法发散思维 一般过去时被动语态：构成：主语+ was ( were ) +及物动词的过去分词。陈述句( Statements ) : The letter was writtena week ago。 这封信是一星期前写的。疑问句( Questions ) : Was the letter written a week ago ? /When was the letter

51、written ?例句：The museum was built two years ago。 这个博物馆是两年前建成的。Was the thief caught by a policeman这个小偷是被警察抓住的吗?Where were the children found ?孩子们是在哪被发现的?When was the watch bought ?这块手表是什么时候买的?The thermos were used for keeping water hot这些暖水瓶是用于保存热水的。主动语态变被动语态的四个步骤：1把主动语态句子中的宾语变成被动语态句子的主动。2把主动语态句子中的谓语变成

52、被动语态：be +动词的过去分词。注意被动语态中be的时态与主动语态 句子中的谓语动词的时态相同3把主动语态中的主语变为by的宾语(如为代词，A rood is being built ( by them )主格形式变成宾语形式)或说明，by短语可以省略。Everybody likes TomTom is liked by everybodyHe wrote a letter。A letter was written by himThey are building a road如果动作执行者不需要强调大家都喜欢汤姆。 汤姆被大家喜欢。 他写了一封信。 这信是他写的。 他们正在修一条路。那条路在

53、修建中含有两个宾语的主动结构变为被动结构 主语结构中若有两上宾语（直接宾语和间接宾 语），通常将表示人的间接宾语变为被动态主语，而直 接宾语（表示物的）作为保留宾语而不动。有时也可含有复合宾语的主动结构变为被动结构 主动结构中如有复合宾语（即：宾语+宾语补足 语），变为被动语态时，只将复合宾语中的逻辑主语（即宾语）变成主语，其余部分不动。如：We found him working in the fields。 我们发现他在田里工作。He was found working in the fields在田里工作。将直接宾语变为被动语态主语，而不动，但其前通常要加介词He gave me some books动语态)I was given some books(较常见)Some books were given to me语)Father bought me a penI was bought a pen。(A pen was