现在完成时讲解及练习题(含答案)

1、时态讲解：现在完成时(1)构成：现在完成时由助动词have+过去分词构成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has,其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式疑问式Ihavenot(haven'studiedHaveIstudied？Youhavenot(haven'studiedHaveyoustudied？Hehasnot(hasn'studiedHashestudied？否定疑问式简单回答(肯定/否定)HaveInot(Haven'I)

2、studied？Yes,youhave.No,youhaven'Haveyounot(Haven'tyou)studied？Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven'Hashenot(Hasn'the)studied？Yes,hehas.No,hehasn'(2)用法:1 )现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女儿刚出去。I'msurewe'vemetbefore.我肯定我们以前见过面。Shehasarrived.她到了。2

3、 )表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用I haven ' theard from her these days. 女 recently, already, just, lately, for这些日子我没有收到她的信。,since ,yet 等。如:We haven ' tThey have been away for two years. seen you recently.最近我们没有见到你。他们离开已经两年了。She has beenwith us since Monday.A、/ 1 ?、 :注忌：1) since 和for 的区别si

4、nce 后接时间点，如 1993 , last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段时间，表示 “长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。Exercise: 用 since 和 for 填空1. Jim has been in IrelandMonday.2. Jill has been in Irelandthree days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia15 days.4. Mary is in her office. Shehas been there7 o

5、9;clock.5. India has been an independent country _1974.6. The bus is late.They've been waiting20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been emptymany years.8.Mike has been illa long time. He has been in hospitalOctober.2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当

6、中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说He has come here for 2 weeks.xTheoldmanhasdiedfor4months.Theyhaveleftonlyfor5minutes.x以上三句话可以改为：Hehasbeenherefor2weeks.Theoldmanhasfor4months.Theyhaveonlyfor5minutes.3)have(has)been和have(has)gone的区别:表示曾到过某地"要用have(has)been”表示已经去某地"要用have(has)gone"。

7、试比较：Wherehashebeen?他刚才到哪里去了？(已经回来了)Wherehashegone?他上哪儿去了？(人不在)TheyhavebeentoCanada.他们到过加拿大。(现在已经不在加拿大)TheyhavegonetoCanada.他们到加拿大去了。(可能在路上和已经到加拿大)4)现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenIcamein,但可以禾口already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,lately,recently,once,twice,

8、ever,never等连用。例如：Shehasalreadycome.她已经来了。Ihaven'readityet.我还没读过这个。Ihavemethimbefore.我从前曾见过他。MaHonghasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.马红直是个好学生。Ihaveoftenseenhiminthestreet.我经常在街上看见他。TheyhaveneverbeentoYan'an.他们从未去过延安。Ihaven'tseenhimlately.我近来没看到他。IrregularVerbsBaseFormPastFormPastParticiplebearbor

9、ebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflowngetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheard

10、heardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemademadeputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinksank/sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewroteam,iswasbeenarewerebeenExercise:1. Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.1.1 already(see)thefilm.I(see

11、)itlastweek.2.he(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.3.Myfather_just(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.4.Where'LiMing?He(go)totheteacher'office.5.I(work)heresinceI(move)herein1999.6.SofarI(make)quiteafewfriendshere.7.HowlongtheWangs(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.Ijust(finish)myhomework.9.He(go)toschoolonfooteve

12、ryday.you(find)yourscieneebookyet?11.Ifit(be)finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.students(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.13.Look!Themonkey(climb)thetree.Mymother(come)toseemenextSunday.15.I'velostmypen.you(see)itanywhere?8.10.12. The14.II.Choosethebestanswer.1. Howlonghaveyouhere?A.comeB.gotC.arriv

13、edD.been2. MygrandpadiedA.attheageofmy2B.for2yearsC.whenIwas2.D.myagewas6.3. JanehastoBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.A.beenB.goneC.wentD.neverbeen4. Itistenyears_Ilastsawher.A.afterB.sinceC.forD.that5. -WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?-Iwill.Iherseveraltimes.A.metB.havemetC.hadmetD.willmeet6. -Wha

14、tanicedress!Howlong_youit?A. will, buyB. did, buyC. are, havi ngD. have, had-Just2weeks.7. -DoyouknowLydiaverywell?-Yes,SheandIfriendssineewewereveryyoung.A. have madeB. have becomeC. have bee nD. have turned8. The Smithsin China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have bee n D. liveCan I speak to Mr

15、. Black?10.A. has bee n toB. has gone toC. went toD. will go to_ you everto the US?9.-Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.-Sorry.HetheBainiaoPark.-Yes,twice.A. Have, goneB. Have, bee nC, Do, goD.were, goingIII. Rewritethesentences.3.1 havebeentoMacaubefore.（改为否定句）beentoMacaubefore.（就划线部分提问）2. Hehasn'co

16、metoschoolbecausehewasill.（用just 改写）hecometoschool?3. Iboughanewbikejustnow.Ijustanewbike.4. WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.（改为同义句）WeEnglish_threeyears5. Hehasneversurfed,?（改成反意疑问句）6. Theyhavebeenheresinee2000.(对划线部分提问)WWMWVWMWWWWWWhavetheybeenhere?7. Theoldmanlastyear.Hehasforayear.(die)(动词填空)8

17、. MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句转换)MissGaohasanhourago.IV. Askthequestions1) Ihavebeentherefortwodays.you?2) Myfatherhaslivedheresinee2000.yourfather?3) Helefthereyesterday.he?4) Theyboughtabooktwohoursago.theyabook?V.Usenever,ever,already,just,yet,for,since”tofillintheblanks.4.1 haveseenhimbefore,soIhav

18、enoideaabouthim.2. Jackhasfinishedhishomework.3. Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschooltenyears.4. Haveyouseenthefilm?"No,Ihaveseenit.5. Hasthebusleft?”Yes,ithasleft.”一、翻译下列句子：1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？2.3.我以前从来没去过那个农场。5.你已经看过这部电影了吗？7.这本字典我已买了三年了。8.9.我认识他们五年了。11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。已经三年。13.自从1999年以来他们就认识。了。现在完成时练习题及答案二、用s

19、ince和for填空1 ._twoyears2.twoyearsago4. 19995. yesterday6.4o'clock8 .anhourago9 .我刚刚丢了我的化学书。4.他已经吃过午饭6.我哥哥还没回来。他离开中国三年了。10.他们已去了美国五年了。12.我妹妹成为一个大学生14.我来到这个学校已 3年多3.last month7 4 hours11. she left_wewerechildren10.lunchtimehere12.HehaslivedinNanjing_theyearbeforelast.13. I 've known himwe were

20、children.14. Our teacher hasstudied Japanese t hree years.15. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.years she left the city.16. It 's about ten三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。 arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to spT be in sp / at school / at home / on the farm

21、 / be here / be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He2) I moved to the USA in 2008.3) I went homeyesterday.4) They came here last week.Beijing forIthe USA sincehome forTheyhere sincecome to / go back to / return tot be back togo out t be out1) He came out two years ago.He for 2) WereturntoBe

22、ijingyesterday.Weto Beijing sincebecometbe1) Ibecameateacherin2000.Iateacherfor close t be closedopen t be open2) Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriverdirtyfor_.for sixfo r1) Theshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop2) Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoorhours.getupTbeup；diebedead；leavesp.beawayfromsp.falla

23、sleep/gettotsleepTbeasleep;finish/endTbeover；marryTbemarried1) Igotuptwohoursago.Isince.2) HeleftShanghaijustnow.HeShanghaiforfiveminutes.3) Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpafor4) Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeetingforsixhours.5) Igottosleeptwohoursago.Isince6) Theymarriedin1990.Theysince start / begin t

24、o do sth.t do sth.begin t be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995. Iat this school since2) The film began two minutes ago.The filmfor borrow t keep ； lose t not havebuy t have ； put on t wearcatch / get a coldt have a cold ；get to know t know1) They borrowed it last week.2) I bought a pen tw

25、o hours ago.3) I got to know him last year.TheyitsinceIapenforIhimsince4)Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I_myglassesfor have/hasgonetohavebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.HeBeijingfortwodays. jointheleague/theParty/thearmyTbealeaguemember/aPartymember/asoldierTbeamemberoftheleague/thePartytbeintheleague/thePar

26、ty/thearmy1) Hejoinedtheleaguein2002.Heafortwoyears.Heathefortwoyears.Hetheleaguefortwoyears.2) Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Mybrotherafor.Mybrotherinfortwoyears.四、划线提问1) Ihavebeentherefortwodays.you?2) Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.yourfather?3) Helefthereyesterday.he?4) Theyboughtabooktwohour

27、sago.theyabook五、用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A: WhereLiFei?B: HetoHainanIsland.A: Howlonghethere?B: Hethereforthreedays.A: Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B: I'mafraidhewon'tcomebackrecently.A: CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?B: Sorry,Ineverthere.A: HowmanytimesLiFeitothatplace?B: Hethereo

28、nlyonce.六、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各种形式填空。1) WhereisJack?Hehiscountry.2) Davidtheparkjustnow.3) JohnEnglandsincehecameback.4) Howlongtheythisvillage?5) TheSmithsBeijingforyears.6) _youeverAmerica?-Yes,I_theremanytimes.7) I_thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.8) WhereisJim?Hethefarm.9) Whenhe?Heanho

29、urago.10) Wouldyouliketo_tothezoowithme?-Yes,butItherebefore.11) Whereyounow?-I_tothezoo.12) Heoften_swimming.13) _youtherelastyear?14) _theyoftenskatinginwinter?七用never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since填空1. Ihaveseenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2. Jackhasfinishedhishomework.3. Mr.Wanghastaughtinth

30、isschool_tenyears.4. “Haveyouseenthefilm?”“No,Ihaveseenit.”5. “Hasthebusleft_?”“Yes,ithasleft.”八.用适当的时态填空：1.She's(live)hereeversinceshewasten.2. Bothofthem(be)inHongkongfortendays.3. Bothofthem(come)toHongkongtendaysago.4. Halfanhour(pass)sincethetrain(leave).5. Mary(lose)herpen.you(see)itherean

31、dthere?6. you(find)yourwatchyet?7. -Areyouthirsty?-NoI_just(have)someorange.8. We-already(return)thebook.9. they(build)anewschoolinthevillage?10. I(notfinish)myhomework.Canyouhelpme?11. Myfather_(read)thenoveltwice.12. I(buy)abookjustnow.13. I(lost)mywatchyesterday.14. Myfather(read)thisbooksinceyes

32、terday.答案一翻译下列句子：1.Haveyoueverhad/eatenfishandchips?2.Ihavejustlostmychemistrybook.3.Ihaveneverbeentothefarmbefore.4.HehasalreadyhadlunchHehashadlunchalready.5.Haveyouseenthemovieyet?6.Mybrotherhasn'tcome/get/beenbackyet=Mybrotherhasn'treturnedyet.Has7.Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears/sin

33、cethreeyearsago.8.beenawayfromChinaforthreeyears.9. Ihaveknownthemforfiveyears.10. TheyhavebeenintheUSAforfiveyears.been in college11. HehasbeenheresincehemovedtoJining.12. Mysisterhasbeenacollegestudentforthreeyears=Mysisterhasforthreeyears.13. Theyhaveknowneachothersince1999.14. Ihavebeeninthissch

34、oolforoverthreeyears.、用since或者for填空1.for2.since3.since4.since5.since6.since8since9.since7.for10.since11.since12.since13.since14.for15.for16.since三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语 1.hasbeenin,fiveminutes2. havebeenin,20083. havebeenat,twodays4. havebeen,lastweek 1.havebeenout,twoyears2. havebeenback,yesterday 1.havebeen,nineyears2.hasbeen,twoyears2. hasbeenopen1. havebeenup,twohoursago2. hasbeenawayfrom3. hasbeendead,sevenyears4. hasbeenover5. havebeenasleep,twohoursago6. havebeenmarried,19901. havetaught,19952.