主谓一致 (2)ppt课件

1、1主谓一致：英语中，句子的谓语动词要与句子的主语在人称和数保持一致，即主谓一致。一般来说主谓一致：英语中，句子的谓语动词要与句子的主语在人称和数保持一致，即主谓一致。一般来说，主谓一致要遵循以下原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则和随前原则。，主谓一致要遵循以下原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则和随前原则。2一、语法一致原则一、语法一致原则1、单数主语，不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数、单数主语，不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数 1. A student is studying English. 2 .Serving the people is my gr

2、eat happiness. 3 .When we deliver the goods hasnt been decided. 4 .When and where we will go hasnt been decided.但当what引导的句子做主语，若后面是 “be +名词”的结构时，谓语随名词变化。 1.)What you did is right. 2.)What you need are these dictionaries.2、复数名词、代词作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式复数名词、代词作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式 All the students _clever. They _E

3、nglish very much. arelike33. 用用and或或bothand 连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及主语从句作主语谓连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及主语从句作主语谓语动词用复数形式。语动词用复数形式。 Both my father and my mother _farmers. What I think and what I do _been fairly in disagreement. 注意:(1). 当and连接的并列单数名词前有each，every, no或者many a 等限定词时，谓语动词通常用单数。 Each student

4、 and each teacher _ been given a task. Every flower and every bush _ to be cut down. (2). 当主语由and连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and后面的名词无冠词。 The worker and writer _(be) from Wuhan. The worker and the writer _(be) from Beijing. arehavehasisisare44、不定代词、不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything,

5、 everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语，谓语动词用单数形式等作主语，谓语动词用单数形式; Something _ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch. Anybody who _ ( break / breaks) the rule will be punished. 5、 each of/either of./one of谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数. none of/neither of可单可复，根据说话可单可复，根据说话人的意思决定；人的意思决定；*但代表不可数名词

6、时，用单数但代表不可数名词时，用单数 1) Each of the students _a book. 2) None of us _perfect. 3) Neither of them _the answer. 4) None of this _me. None of this money _mine. *neither作形容词时与单数名词连用，谓语动词用单数。 Neither statement _true. （was）hasbreakshasis/areknows/knowworriesiswas56、 “many a +单数名词单数名词 more than one+单数名词单数名词

7、one and a half +复数名词复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数作主语，谓语动词用单数1.) Many a foreigner_ been to the Great Wall. 2.)More than one student_ turned up at the meeting. 3.) One and a half bananas _eaten by the boy. 1. Many a man_ the story. A. believes B. believe 2.More than one man _died in the accident.A. has B. have 3.M

8、ore than five men _died in the accident. A. has B. have 7. some /a lot of /half of./the rest of./part of/plenty of/分数（分数（%）+of. the majority of + 名词名词”等作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于等作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词或代词的单复数形式。后的名词或代词的单复数形式。 Two-thirds of the students _from countryside. （come） Ninety percent of the work _ been

9、 done. （has）hashaswasAABcomehas68. 定语从句中的主谓一致。定语从句中的主谓一致。 (1)与先行词一致。定语从句中主语是关系代词who, that, which 时，从句谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。 I, who _ your teacher, will share happiness and sorrow with you. which/as代替一句话内容,谓语动词用单数 As _known, I am beautiful. (3) one of +复数名词 + 定语从句,从句中的谓语用复数形式; the only/exact one of+复数名词 + 定语

10、从句,从句中的谓语用单数形式。 Tom is one of the students who_ good at playing football. Tom is the only one of the students who_ good at playing football. amisareis7二、二、意义一致原则：意义一致原则： 9. 集体名词集体名词family, audience, crew, club, class, company, committee, party, crowd group, army, government, the public等作主语时，如果作为一个整体

11、看待，谓语用单数形式；如果指集体等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式；如果指集体中的各个成员，谓语动词用复数形式中的各个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。 The group _ made up of nine students. The group_ dancing happily. 注意注意1：集合名词cattle, clothes, people, the police表示复数意义谓语动词永远复数.people 民族（可数名词，peoples) The Chinese people _ a brave people. Chinese people _ making our count

12、ry richer and richer. 2. Population The population of China _over 1.3billion and 80%of the population_ farmers. isareisareisare810.表示时间、距离、金钱，度量衡等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时表示时间、距离、金钱，度量衡等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词则用单数形式谓语动词则用单数形式;Two years _ passed since I left Ningbo. One million dollars _ a great sum of money.

13、 11.有些名词如：有些名词如：fish, deer, sheep, means, works, species, 等用作单数或复数均可，谓语动词随等用作单数或复数均可，谓语动词随其含义而定。其含义而定。This glass works _built in 1978. Two steel works_ east of the city . Every means_ been tried. Many species _ died out. 12. 学科名词，或学科名词，或 以以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时，如结尾的学科名称作主语时，如physics, mathematics, mechanic

14、s, optics, acoustics, politics. statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics等等, 谓语动词通常用作单数。谓语动词通常用作单数。 Physics _ a fundamental subject in science. hasisisarehashaveis913. 成双成对出现的复数名词如成双成对出现的复数名词如glasses, shoes, trousers, pants, gloves, socks, slippers, scissors等作主语时，谓语通常用复数，等作主语时，谓语通常用复数，*但如果前有但如果前

15、有a/the pair of, a/the suit of等词语修饰时，谓等词语修饰时，谓语动词与语动词与pair, suit等一致，用单数等一致，用单数 1) My trousers _very nice. 2)A pair of shoes _under the bed. 14. 主语是疑问代词主语是疑问代词who, what, which,不定代词不定代词all, more, most, any, none等以及名词等以及名词half, part, the rest等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视它们所代指的名词而定。等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视它们所代指的名

16、词而定。 1.)Which _ more valuable, health or wealth? 2.)Which_ prettier, these or those? 3.) we had some paper, but the rest _ put back. areisisarewas1015. theadj.作主语作主语,theadj.,表示一类人，谓语动词用复数，如表示一类人，谓语动词用复数，如the old, the young, the rich, the poor等等,the+ adj.,表示某个人或一类抽象的事物，谓语动词用单数，如表示某个人或一类抽象的事物，谓语动词用单数，

17、如the beautiful, the good等等 The old _ taken good care of in our society. The rich _ for the decision but the poor _against it. The wounded _ a young boy. The beautiful _not always the same as the good. arewaswasis1116. a/this/that + kind of +名词（单数或复数）作主语时，谓语动词用单数；如果主语是名词（单数或复数）作主语时，谓语动词用单数；如果主语是kinds

18、（types) of+名词或复数名词名词或复数名词of+ a ( this, that）kind时，谓语动词用复数形式。时，谓语动词用复数形式。即即 kind(s) of +n.,谓语与谓语与kind一致一致 n+of this kind 谓语与名词一致谓语与名词一致 The kind of apples _ well. Men of this kind _ dangerous. 注意注意 : 由kind, form, type, species, series 等修饰的主语，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数，而不是他们后面所跟的名词This new type of machine_ now o

19、n show. （is）Some new forms of art _discussed at the meeting. （were）17. 主语是主语是a large/small quantity of +名词（可数或不可数）谓语动词用单数；如果是名词（可数或不可数）谓语动词用单数；如果是“large (great) quantifies of +名词（可数或不可数）名词（可数或不可数）”时，谓语动词要用复数。也就是说谓语动词随时，谓语动词要用复数。也就是说谓语动词随quantity单复数而定单复数而定 There _a large quantity of milk/apples on th

20、e farm. Large quantities of water /coal/bricks _needed here.sellsareiswereiswere1218. a number of （a group of , a variety of)+名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；The number of(the variety of.) +名词复数谓语动词用单数形式。名词复数谓语动词用单数形式。 A number of workers _out of work. The number of the students in our school _e

21、ight thousand. 19. 两数相减或相除两数相减或相除,谓语动词用单数；两数相加或相乘，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。谓语动词用单数；两数相加或相乘，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。 Sixty minus seventeen _forty-three. Six and eight _fourteen. 20、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。 “The Arabian Nights”_ an interesting story-book. The Un

22、ited states _on the south of Canada. 21.名词性物主代词作主语，谓语动词根据指代对象而定名词性物主代词作主语，谓语动词根据指代对象而定 Your shoes are white; Mine_ black. (are) His coat _yellow; Hers_ red. （is）（is）areisleavesmakes/makeisisareisis13三三. 就近一致原则就近一致原则 谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。22. 由由or, nor, either.or, neither.nor, n

23、ot only.but also连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式通常按照式通常按照“就近原则就近原则”处理。处理。1.You or she _good at English. 2._either you or he wrong? 23. 以以here, there开头的句子，谓语动词的单复数形式看后面的主语而定，如果主语不止一个，谓语开头的句子，谓语动词的单复数形式看后面的主语而定，如果主语不止一个，谓语动词于最近的主语保持一致。动词于最近的主语保持一致。 Here _some bread. There _a pen and three pencils on the desk. 24. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致在倒装句中，谓语