非谓语动词图表

1、非谓语 在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式、动名 词和分词（分词包括现在分词和过去分词）逻辑主语与真正主语真正主语：谓语动作发出者，即真正主语。 逻辑主语：非谓语动作的发出者或者承受者。 构成非谓语动词句型的首要条件：逻辑主语与真正主语一致。To acquire knowledge , you must study 解析：条件：此句真正主语： you 逻辑主语： you 主语一致。结论：可构成非谓语句型非谓语使用条件 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下She got off the bus but left her

2、 handbag on her seat.She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.三种非谓语动词形式句法功能比较功能种类主宾表定状补不定式动名词分词非谓语动词做主语的区别：区别举例不 定 式不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为或将来的 动作。不定式做主语，一般用 it 当形式主语，把作主 语的不定式短语后置。To visit China is my next goal.It took me only five minutes to finish the job.动 名 词动名词做主语往往表示泛指的、一般的行为 ;Climbing m

3、ountains is great fun. It' s nice seeing you again.1. a language requires time and effort.A. Learn B. Learning C. To learnD. Being learned2. It is not always easy invitations.A. to refuse B. refusingC. to be refused D. being refused3. How the problem will be discussed at tomorrow ' s meeting

4、.A. to solve B. to be solved C. being solved D. solving4. It forty-five minutes there by bus.A. cost, to getB. takes, gettingC. takes, to getD. takes, to get to5. It is no good . You should give.A. to smoke, it upB. smoking, it up C. smoking, up itD. to smoke, up it做宾语的非谓语动词比较情况常用动词只接不定式做宾语的动词agree

5、（同意） , ask （请、要） , attempt （试图） , afford 付得起 agree 同意 ask 要求apply 申 请 care （想要 ） , choose （决定、要） , decide （决定） , desire （希望） , determine （ 决心） , help 帮 助 expect （ 期望 ） , fail （ 未能 ） , hope （ 希望 ） , intend （ 打算 ） , learn （ 学习 ） , manage （ 设法 ） , offer （愿意 ） , plan （计划、打算 ） , pretend （假装 ） , refuse （拒

6、绝、谢绝 ） , wish （希望 ） , promise （ 答应）， want （想要）等等。只接动名词做 宾语的动词或 短语admit 承认 advise 建议 allow 允许 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 consider 考虑 delay 推迟 deny 否认 discuss 讨论 dislike 不喜欢 enjoy 喜爱 escape 逃脱 excuse 原谅 fancy 设想 finish 完成 forbid 禁止 forgive 原谅 give up 放弃 imagine 想象 keep 保持 mention 提及 mind 介意 miss 没赶上 pardo

7、n 原谅 permit 允许 practice 练习 prevent 阻止 prohibit 禁止 put off 推迟 risk 冒险 stop 停止 suggest 建议be addicted to 沉溺于；对上瘾 devote oneself to doing sth./be devoted to 献身于做某事 / 专心致力于做某事把 be equal to doing sth 等于做某事，能胜任做某事 object to doing sth 反对做某事 pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事 be used to doing sth/ be accustome

8、d to doing 习惯于 做某事 get down to doing sth 开始做某事，认真处理某事 look forward to doing sth 盼望做 某事 make contributions to 对作贡献两者都可 以意义基 本相同begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue（ 接不定式多指具体的动作 , 接动名词多指一般 或习惯行为 ）need, want, require （接动名词主动形式表示被动意义，若接不定式则应用被动形式）意义不 同forget/remember doing/having done 记得还是忘了

9、以前曾经做的事 forget/remember to do 还未做 regret doing sth. 对做过的某事表示后悔 regret to say, 很抱歉的mean to do, 打算作某事； mean doing, 意味着 try to do , 尽力作某事； try doing 尝试着作某事 want / need/ require doing sth, 表示被动 等于 want/need/require to be done like/ hate doing, 经常性的 like/ hate to do, 特定的某一次 be/get used to doing 习惯于做某事 us

10、ed to do 过去经常做某事 be used to do 被用来做 can ' t help doing=can' t help忍 bu不t d住o做 某事can't help （ to） do不 能帮助做某事 stop doing 停止正在做着的某事 stop to do 停下来做别的事情 （to do 是目的状语 ） go on doing 继续做原来做的事 go on to do 接着干别的事情1. He gave us some advice on how English.A. learning B. learnedC. to learn D. learn2

11、. It ' s a pay day, and they are waiting .A. pay B. paying C. paidD. to be paid3. I don 't know whether you happen, but I 'm going to study in the this September .A to be heardB. to be hearingC to hearD. to have heard4. I forgot my name when I finished the composition.A. to sign, to writ

12、ing B. to sign, writingC. signing, writing5. -You were brave enough to raised objections at the meeting.-Well, now I regret that.A. to do B. to be doingC. to have done D. having done6. She can' t help the house because she ' s busy making a cake.A. to cleanB. cleaningC. cleanedD. being clean

13、ed非谓语动词做表语的区别：区别举例不定式表示将来某一次时常用动词不定式作表语My wish is to find a part-time job this summer.动名词表示经常性时常用动名词作表语。My hobby is collecting/ to collect ancient coins.现在分词-ing 形容词，令人 .的； -ed 形容词，令人感到 .的， 有被动意味。interesting-interested,exciting-excited, delighting-delighted,disappointing-disappointed, pleasing-pleas

14、ed,puzzling-puzzled, satisfying-satisfied, surprising-surprised, Worrying-worriedThe party was very exciting.They were very excited at the news 过去分词1. Her wish is an engineer.A. becoming B. become C. to become D. being come people ' s greatest pleasure is .A. fishing B. to fishC. to be fishing D

15、. being fish3. The report was so _A. inspiring, excitingC. inspired, excited4. - “You look pale.”-“ I feel a littlethat they were all _B. inspiring, excitedD. inspired, excitingA. tire B. tired C. tiring D. tiresome非谓语动词做定语的区别：区别举例不定式表将来特定某一次，用动词不定式。I have a lot of papers to type.动名词通常指被修饰词的用途，无逻辑上的

16、任何关系Shall we go to the swimming pool a washing machine （动名词做定语， = a machine which is used for washing ） 洗衣机现在分 词如果构成主动关系， （有时还表正在进行） 用现在分词；The boiling water / the boiled waterThe developing country/the developed countryThe falling leaves / the fallen leaves过去分 词如果构成被动关系， （已完成），用过去分词；1. She said she

17、had a important meeting .A. to attend in B. to attendC. attendD. attending2. He is always the first questions.A. to answerB. answeringC. to be answeredD. being answered3. The Olympic Games in the year 2016 will be a great success.A. being heldB. to be heldC. heldD. to hold4. The first textbooks for

18、teaching English as a foreignlanguage came out in the 16th century.A. having written B. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written5. At present, English is the main subject here.A. to be taught B. being taughtC. teaching D. to be teaching6. -"Who are those people with the banner"-"A grou

19、p itself the League for peace."A. calling B. calls C. called D. is called7. The pen belongs to me.A. which it is on the tableB. lying on the tableC. is on the tableD. which on the table非谓语动词做状语的区别：与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念例句不定式可表示目的，结果，原因。They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.His family was too

20、 poor to support him. We are glad to hear the news.现在分词现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句 子主语的动作，它们之间是主动关系。He went out shutting the door behind him.过去分词过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动 作，它们之间是被动关系。Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.1. I have enjoyed my visit here. I'll be very sorry .A. for leaving B. o

21、f leavingC. to leave D. left2. I went to see him him out.A. finding B. findC. only to findD. only found3. the cry for help, people immediately rushedout of the rooms.A. To hearB. HearingC. Having heard D. They hearing4. Hello, he reached out his hand.A. SaidB. SayingC. Talked aboutD. Talking to5. fr

22、om the tallest building, the whole city looks verybeautiful.A. SeeB. Saw C. SeeingD. Seen6. the past, our life is much better.A. Comparing withB. Be compared withC. To compare withD. Compared with非谓语动词做宾语补足语的区别：常见动词与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念例句不定式ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want, wish, encourage主谓关系。强调动作将

23、发生或 已经完成。I heard him call me several times.have, notice, see, watch, hear, feel, let, make现在分词notice, see, watch, hear, find, keep, have, feel主谓关系。 强调动作正在进行， 尚未完成I found her listening to the radio.过去分词动宾关系。动作已经完成，多强调状态We found the village greatly changed.1. The doctor advised Lao Li more rest.A. tha

24、t he get B. to getC. would getD. get2. Soon they saw the boy in the crowd.A. disappear B. to disappearC. disappears D. disappeared3. Birds are seldom heard at night.A. singB. singingC. to singD. to be singing4. He kept me for many hours.A. to waitB. having been waitedC. waitingD. waited5. Mother cau

25、ght the boy in the corner.A. smokeB. to smokeC. smoking D. being smoked6. Having read the Emperor's New Clothes, we all found it _.A. interestB. interestedC. interestingD. to interest7. I need this chapter before tomorrow.A. rewritingB. rewrittenC. rewriteD. to write again8. When she returned ho

26、me, she found the window open and something .A. to stealB. losingC. missedD. stolen9. There was so much noise that the speaker could not make himself .A. being heardB. heard C. hearingD. hear非谓语动词的时态和语态：不定式主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式To doTo be done动作发生在谓语动作之后进行式To be doing与谓语动作同时发生完成式To have doneTo have bee

27、n done动作发生在谓语动作之前动名词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式DoingBeing done与谓语动作同时发生完成式Having doingHaving been done动作发生在谓语动作之前现在分词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式DoingBeing done与谓语动作同时发生完成式Having doneHaving been done动作发生在谓语动作之前1.around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird' s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.A. Havin

28、g shownB. To be shownC. Having been shownD. To show2. 【2012 重庆】 to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.A. Having been asked B. To askC. Having asked D. To be asked3【. 2008 福建】_ in the queen for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized be had left the cheque in the car.A. Waiting

29、B. To waitC. Having WaitedD. To have waitedson pretended when I came back.A. to sleepB. sleepingC. being sleeping D. to be sleeping5. 【2011 上海】 Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing b,u t we seem the art ofcommunicating face-to-face.A. losing B. to be losing C. to be lost D. having lost

30、is the man now ？A. operating onC. being operated onB. operated onD. to be operated onquestion now at the meeting is not the question yesterday.A. discussed; discussedB. discussing; had discussedC. being discussed; discussedD. discussing; discussingasked _ to work in the countryside.A. to be sent B.

31、to sendC. to be sending D. sendinga letter, he decided to send a telegram.A. Not receivingB. Receiving notC. Not having received D. Having not received10The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, it more difficult.A. not makeB. not to makeC. not making D. do not make 独立主格结构1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow The test finished, we began our holiday.With a lot of things to do, he is quite busy.With those noises upstairs,