二语习得情感过滤假说

1、LOGO情感过滤假说情感过滤假说TheAffectiveFilterHypothesisBy Gong Yan情感过滤假说情感过滤假说概况概况v“情感过滤说情感过滤说” （the Affective Filter Hypothesis）最初由）最初由DulayBurt在在1977年提年提 出，他们提出情感过滤是一种内在的处理系统，出，他们提出情感过滤是一种内在的处理系统，它潜意识地通过情感因素来组织学习者对语言它潜意识地通过情感因素来组织学习者对语言的吸收，旨在解释情感因素如何影响外语学习的吸收，旨在解释情感因素如何影响外语学习的过程。的过程。 v20世纪世纪70年代末到年代末到80年代初，美

2、国著名语年代初，美国著名语言学家克拉申言学家克拉申(Krashen)提出了一套完整的提出了一套完整的第二语言习得模式第二语言习得模式。他在他在20世纪世纪70年代末年代末提出了监察模式，并于提出了监察模式，并于80年代早期进行了年代早期进行了扩大研究，其模式的核心部分是扩大研究，其模式的核心部分是“输入假输入假说说”。因此，克拉申的第二语言习得理论即。因此，克拉申的第二语言习得理论即为为“输入假说模式输入假说模式”。情感过滤假说情感过滤假说概况概况Contents输入假说输入假说习得习得/学得假说学得假说监控假说监控假说自然顺序假说自然顺序假说情感过滤假说情感过滤假说情感过滤假说情感过滤假说情

3、感过滤假说的理论基础是情感过滤器情感过滤假说的理论基础是情感过滤器理论，根据该理论，第二语言习得的成理论，根据该理论，第二语言习得的成功取决于学习者的情感因素。克拉申把功取决于学习者的情感因素。克拉申把情感因素看作是可以调节的过滤器，这情感因素看作是可以调节的过滤器，这个过滤器可以起到促进或阻碍语言输入个过滤器可以起到促进或阻碍语言输入的作用。的作用。情感因素情感因素情感因素情感因素 动机动机Motivation 自信心自信心confidence 焦虑状况焦虑状况anxiety学习目的明确，动力学习目的明确，动力大进步快；反之进步大进步快；反之进步慢。慢。自我感觉良好，进步快；自我感觉良好，进

4、步快；反之进步慢。反之进步慢。焦虑感强，情感屏障大，焦虑感强，情感屏障大，输入少；反之输入多。输入少；反之输入多。summaryu语言的输入只有通过过滤器才能达到语言习得机制，语言的输入只有通过过滤器才能达到语言习得机制，并为大脑所吸收。情感过滤假说强调了在二语习得过程并为大脑所吸收。情感过滤假说强调了在二语习得过程中学习者的情感因素对语言的输入起着过滤的作用，学中学习者的情感因素对语言的输入起着过滤的作用，学习者的情感因素会阻碍或加速语言的习得。如果学习者习者的情感因素会阻碍或加速语言的习得。如果学习者学习目的明确，学习动机高，自信心强，焦虑感适度，学习目的明确，学习动机高，自信心强，焦虑感

5、适度，“情感过滤情感过滤”就弱，反之，就弱，反之，“情感过滤情感过滤”就强。在语言就强。在语言习得中，如果习得中，如果“情感过滤情感过滤”太强，大脑中会形成障碍，太强，大脑中会形成障碍，语言输入就会遇到阻碍，无法进入语言习得机制语言输入就会遇到阻碍，无法进入语言习得机制(Language Acquisition Device)结果无法产生语言习结果无法产生语言习得。如果得。如果“情感过滤情感过滤”降低，可理解的语言输入便能顺降低，可理解的语言输入便能顺利进入语言习得机制，加速语言习得的进程，只有降低利进入语言习得机制，加速语言习得的进程，只有降低情感过滤，消除学生的心理障碍，学生才能积极地学习

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