【高中英语教材知识梳理】选修六Unit3

1、Unit 3 A healthy lifeart 1输人必备知识词句通关.语基程管.No.l狂背单词I单词语境记忆1.suffer from mental illness患精神疾病2.a prejudice against fat people 对胖人的歧视3.feel very awkward感到局促不安4.an automatic temperature control 自动温控系统5.risk losing everything 冒着失去一切的危险6.a ban on smok ing in all in door public places禁止在所有室内公共场合吸烟7.quit dri

2、nking 戒酒8.an effect on their children 对他们孩子的影响9.the sounds ofdesperatecry 绝望的哭叫声10. ashamedof what you have done 为自己所做的事感到羞愧n.词性转换与派生记忆1.adolesce nt n. 青少年adj.青春期的2.ban vt.禁止；取缔n.禁令；谴责3.male adj.男性的；雄性的n.男人；雄性动（植）物4.female adj.女性的；雌性的n.雌性的动（植）物；女人5.stress n.压力；重音； vt.加压力于；使紧张stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的s

3、tressed adj.焦虑不安的6.addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的addictive adj.使人上瘾的addictionn. 上瘾；沉溺；嗜好addict vt.使上瘾n.有瘾的人7.breathless adj.气喘吁吁的breath n.呼吸breathe v.呼吸8.men tal adj.精神的；智力的 men tally adv.精神上；智力上9.unfit adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的fit adj.健康的；合适的fitness n健康10. strengthen vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强strength n.力气；力量；强 项strongad

4、j.强壮的；结实的11.chemist n.药剂师；化学家chemical adj.化学的n.化学制品chemistry n.化学12. illegal adj.不合法的；违法的legal adj.合法的13 . embarrassed adj. 尴 尬 的 ； 陷 入 困 境 的 embarrass vt. 使 尴尬 embarrassment n. 尴尬川.单词趣味串记1. She wasaccusedof abusing her power 她滥用权力而受至 U 指控。2. Due to the clue the witness offered，we quickly found the

5、man.由于目击者提供的线索，我们很快就找至了那个人。3. The customerwas accustomedto dropping in every three days. 那个顾客已经习惯于每三天来一次。联想记忆1. 否定前缀 un高频形容词一览1unfit 不合适的2un fair 不公平的3unusual 不寻常的4unfrien dly 不友好的5unfortun ate 不幸的6uncomfortable 不舒服的7unimportant 不重要的8uncertain 不确定的2. en 后缀高频动词集锦1strengthen 加强2shorten 缩短3deepen 加深4wi

6、de n 加宽5broaden 加宽6lighten 减轻7threaten 恐吓8frighte n 使惊吓3“禁止与允许”家族1禁止：ban, forbid , prohibit2允许：allow， permit4.各年龄段的人的相关表达1婴儿：baby2小孩：kid/child3青少年：youth/tee nager/adolesce nt5.以 a”开头的高频形容词1alive 活着的2asleep 睡着的3awake 醒着的4alike 相似的5aware 意识到的6ashamed 感到羞愧的No.2狂背短语 /短语背诵1.due to 由于.2.(be) addicted to 对

7、.有瘾3.(be) accustomed to 习惯于.4.decide on 对. 作出决定5.feel like (doing) 想要(做).6.in spite of 不顾；不管7.take risks (a risk) 冒险8.get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)9.at risk 处境危险；遭受危险10. throw away 扔掉词块积累1.a long bike ride 骑自行车跑了很长一段路2.in two weeks tim 在两周时间里3.my long and active life 我长寿而且精力充沛的生活4.get withdrawal symptoms 有断瘾症

8、状5.feel bad tempered 感到烦躁6.feel good 感觉良好7.immune system 免疫系统8.fight disease 抵抗疾病9.chances of survival 生存几率10. become infected 受感染NO.3 狂背句式1.It seems amazing thatat my age I am still fit eno ugh to cycle 20 kilometres in anafter noon.感到惊奇吧，像我这样的年纪，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20 公里。2.Your mother tells me that you

9、 started smoking some time ago and now you arefinding it difficult to give it up你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在很难把它戒掉。3.Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non smokers.我更不知道，我自己吸烟还会损害那些不吸烟人的健康。4.When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfi* I knew it wasti

10、me to quit smoking当我因为身体不健康而被学校足球队除名时，我意识到是时候戒烟了。5.I do hopeso because I want you to liveas long and healthy a life as have.我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。6.It is only whe n the disease has progressed to AIDS that a pers on beg ins to looksick.只有当疾病发展成艾滋病时，一个人才开始看上去像个病人。 族背落实1 单词拼写1. Having abused 滥用）his

11、position as mayor to give jobs to his friends Williams is nowun der in vestigati on.2 .In the questi onn aire the subjects are questi oned whether they advocate banni ng（ 止）cars in the city center.3. The paper is due 到期的）n ext mon th, and I am work ing seve n days a week often long into the ni ght.4

12、. He is going to quit （放弃）his job next mon th because his salary is too low.5. With the debt problem worsening, it is going to be a tough （艰难的）test for EU tohelp Greece out of trouble.6. The woman tried desperately （拼命地）to push the man away when he tried to snatch the bag from her.7. The shy girl fe

13、lt awkward （ 局促不安的）and uncomfortable when she could notanswer her teacher s questions.8. This is a hospital for those people who suffer mental （精神的）diseases.9. A judge must be free from prejudice （偏见）,so he can make a judgement about acase correctly.10. What do you think makes his plan abortion （中途失

14、败）?n.词性变化练习1. After a stressful week of work , all the employees were extremely stressed andtired.They complained that few could work efficiently under stress （stress）2. The addictive cigarette can addict people, so once you are addicted to smokingcigarettes it s extremely difficult to fighbyr addic

15、tion. （addict）3. In order to accustom myself to the wet weather I try eating more peppers and laterI get accustomed to the wet weather.（accustom）4. Yesterday I climbed the mountain top to breathe the fresh air.Although I becamebreathless when I was on the top the breath of fresh air was worth it.(br

16、eath)5.If we strengthen our physical exercise, we will get stronger and are full of strength allday Iong.(strong)6 . To my parents disappointment, my disappointing math grade greatly disappointedmy parents, and their disappointed look urged me to study harder then .(disappo int)7.You should be asham

17、ed of your shameful behaviors or you will be a shamelessman .(shame)8.After hearing some relaxing music, she felt quite relaxed, and there was a relaxedexpression on her face.(relax)9.If you have a weak body, you have to do more exercise and never weaken beforeyour weakness is exposed to others.(wea

18、k)10. She survived the earthquake and her survival is a wonder, for she was the onlysurvivor of the disaster.(survive)川.选词填空due to, (be) addicted to, (be) accustomed to decide on,feel like (doing),in spite of,takerisks (a risk), get in to, at risk, throw away1.Most of them turned up on time；only Tom

19、 arrived late due_to the storm.2. How did you find your Christmas holiday?In spite_of the bad weathe, I had fun meeting friends and relatives.3.He doesn t want totake risks _risk) of losing his job, especially since he becamethe main source of family s in come.4.I regret not having followed your adv

20、ice； I5.Don t decide _on important matters too quickly.6.Lydia doesn like going abroad.Her parents are old.get into trouble now.7.I am accustomed 上 getting up early and taking an hour walk before breakfast.8.What worries him is that his son js addicted _to watching TV9.The disease is spreading and a

21、ll young children are at_risk10. Determined to give up smoking he threw away his remaining cigarettes.IV .补全句子1.At one point, _seemed certain that their plane would crash.从某种程度上看，飞机坠毁看起来是比较肯定的。2. We find it necessary to work hard to achieve our dream.我们发现努力工作来实现我们的梦想是很有必要的。3.Neither does_smoke nor d

22、oes he drink.他既不抽烟也不喝酒。4. Mum said it was time_to wash hands_ d have lunch妈妈说洗手吃饭的时间到了。5. Although Tom was as heavy a smoker as me he did give up smoking last year.尽管汤姆和我一样是个老烟枪(a heavy smoker,但他在去年确实戒烟了。6. It was when_I arrived_ t the cinema thatl realized I had left my ticket at home.正是当我到达电影院后我才意

23、识到我把电影票忘在家里了。P_art_ 2|掌握核心型昱分层突破核心要点突破1. stress n.重压；逼迫；压力；重音；强调重要性vt 加压力于；使紧张；重读(1) under stress 在压力之下lay/put stress on sth 强调某事物(2) stress the importance of 强调.的重要性单句语法填空/一句多译1Whe n under stress eve n a most gen tle pers on can be bad tempered and getangry easily.He stressed_the _importance_of_a g

24、ood _education.(stresv .)2他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。f He laid/placed/put stress_ n_a good education.(stresm.) 佳句背诵What I wantto stressis that our group is looking for new members right now.(2018 天津高考)我想强调的是我们队目前正在招纳新队员。2.due adj欠款的；预定的；到期的；应付的；应有的due to 由于；因为；归因于be due to do sth 预定做某事be due to sb 应付给/给予某人be du

25、e for sth 应用某物；应得到某物单句语法填空1A great deal of money is due_to you please give me your bank account.2It is said that the spaceship is due to. arrive(arrive)three days later.佳句背诵Due to my special care, my mother recovered quickly.Q 匕京高考)由于我的特别照顾，妈妈很快恢复了。名师指津表示“由于；因为”的其他短语：on account of；because of as a re

26、sultof 等。3. accustomed adj.经常的；惯常的；习惯了的(1) be/get/become accustomed to (doing) sth be/get/become used to (doing) sth 习惯于(做)某事(2) accustom sb/oneself to (doing) sth 使某人 /自己习惯于(做)某事单句语法填空1Knowing that you are not accustomed to the life here and are considering returningto America, I feel very upset.2A

27、ccustoming himself to living (live) in the countryside, Mr.King found it hard to live inthe city.佳句背诵He quickly got accustomed/accustomed himself tOe strong academicatmosphere and colorful activities in the college.广东高考)他很快适应了大学里的浓厚的(strong)学术氛围(academic atmosphere 和丰富多彩 的(colorful)活动。名师指津含有介词 to 的常

28、用动词短语devote on eself to 奉献；get dow n to 开始认真做； see to 务必； 一定； give way to对.让步；look up to 尊敬；lead to 导致； 通向； object to/be opposed to 反对；stick to 坚持4. addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的be/get addicted to (doing) sth 沉溺于(做)某事addict oneself to (doing) sth 沉溺于(做)某事单句语法填空1Many kids are addicted to surfing (surf) the

29、Net, and so they have lost interest instudy.2Many kids addict themselves to surfing the Net, and so they have lost interest instudy.佳句背诵Learning that you are addicted to table tennis, I am writing to sincerelyinvite you to join the table tennis team in our school.(2017 全国卷 川 书面表达)得知你沉迷于乒乓球，我写信真诚地邀请你

30、加入我们学校的乒乓球队。名师指津“addict； addicted；addiction”等在表示“沉迷于/热衷于.”时，都和介词 to 连用。5. effect n.结果；效力；影响come in to/take effect生效；见效have an effect on/upon 对.产生影响brin g/carry/put.i nto effect 实施；使.生效/起作用单句语法填空/补全句子1It won be easy to put the cha nges into effect ,o we must spare no effort to do it.2The agreeme nt s

31、ig ned betwee n the two compa nies last week will come into effectsoon.两家公司在上周签订的这份协议将很快生效。佳句背诵I am writing to tell you that the finless porpoise is becoming extinetbecause humans activites/e a bad effect onthem.（重庆高考满分作文 ） 我写信告诉你中国长江江豚正面临灭绝，因为人类活动对它们产生不利的影响。6. ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的（1）.be/feel ashame

32、d of/for.对/为感到惭愧 / 羞耻be/feel ashamed for sb 替/为某人感到惭愧/羞耻be ashamed to do sth 耻于做某事（2）shame n.惭愧；羞耻；羞愧it a shame/pit 尸 what a shame/pity 真可惜It a shame that. 真遗憾.补全句子/一句多译1It sashame that a good student should do something like that.真遗憾一个好学生竟然会做出那样的事。2在课堂上，学生们不应该羞于向老师发问。f In class, students should not

33、 be .ashamed _of/for _asking _the teacher questions.fIn class, students should not be ashamed to ask the teacher questions/ - - - - - - - , ,佳句背诵Havi ng read about the above com mon compla int from so many mothersI feel ashamedand guilty.（重庆高考书面表达）读完上面这么多妈妈们的抱怨，我感到羞愧和内疚。7. get into 陷入；染上（坏习惯）get int

34、o the habit of 养成. 的习惯get across （使）通过；（使）被理解；（把）讲清楚get away 逃脱；离开get over 爬过；越过；克服困难；痊愈get through 熬过(困难时期)；通过；接通电话get along with 进展； 相处get down to 开始做某事单句语法填空1I m sorry to hear that you have gotnto the habit of smoking.2Looking back on my past few years friends gave me so much help that I could ge

35、tover difficulties which I had to face with.3After Christmas I m going to get dctwisome serious job- hunting.佳句背诵 I have got into the habit of playing basketball since it has been giving mestrength to face the challenges in my life.(2018 全国卷 川)我已经养成了打篮球的习惯，因为它给我力量来面对生活中的挑战。8. take risks (a risk)冒险(1

36、)at risk 有风险；处境危险at the risk of.冒着.的危险run the risk (of doi ng sth)冒险(做某事)put.at risk 让.处于危险之中risk doi ng sth 冒险做某事单句语法填空1He was determined to get there even at the risk of his life.2The national parks are very important for the protection of these wild animals,which would otherwise run the risk of b

37、ecoming extinet.3He got well prepared for the job in terview, for he could n t risksing (lose) theget across （使）通过；（使）被理解；（把）讲清楚good opport uni ty.佳句背诵Not only does it affect our daily life , but it also puts people s lived risk.（江苏满分作文）它不仅影响我们的日常生活，而且还使人们的生命处于危险之中。9. do+动词原形；as+ adj.+ a(n) +单数可数名词+

38、 as.I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as have.(教材原句)我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。“do/does/did+动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下条件：?句子是肯定句；?句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。1We did hope there would be more meanin gful activities in the coming future. 匕京满分作文)我们真的希望在不久的将来会有更多的有意义的活动

39、。2If you have a job, do. devote yourself to it and fin ally you will succeed.如果你有一份工作，务必要全力以赴地去做，最终你会成功的。“as+ adj. + a(n)+单数可数名词+ as.”结构3Playing Pingpong is as popular an activity as playing football in ourcampus.(2018 全国卷川满分作文)在我们校园中，打乒乓球和踢足球是同样流行的活动。4Our neighbour has as _big _a一garden_as ours.我们的

40、邻居有一个和我们一样大的花园。名师指津类似此句型的用法的还有：too/so/how+ adj.+ a(n)+ n.。5I have n ever metso young a bodywith so wise a head.我从来没见过这么年轻又这么聪明的人。No2考纲词汇专练I多义词专练一一选择语境中词汇的含义1. awkward adj.A.笨拙的 B .局促不安的C.难对付的 D .难操控的1She liked dancing but felt awkward if some one was watchi ng herB2He s veryiwkward ； he keeps droppi

41、ng things._A3He asked severahwkward questio ns at the press conference. C4This mach ine is awkward to han dle. _D2. due adj.A.预定的 B .欠款的C.至 U 期的 D .应有的1The wagesdue to him will be paid tomorrow. B2She is due to make a speech on the economy n ext week. A3The books must be returned before the due date

42、 or the kid cannot borrow other books. C4When it comes to giving due respect to the old people she feels a bit uneasyn.微阅读一一写出黑体词汇在语境中的词性和词义More and more children get addicted to the Internet games all day, which does havea bad effect on them .Once they nu rture the habit, they find it difficult to

43、quit the habitand get accustomedto the daily life.In spite of the fact that they know the dan ger, children still take risks .In my opinion, it is our duty to make all the children live as active andhealthy a life as possible.Therefore, both the teachers and pare nts should put stresso nthe harm of

44、play ing Internet games and ban the children from playing them.adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的 n.结果；效力3vt.停止adj.习惯了的；惯常的5n.风险，冒险n.重视；强调vt.禁止川.微完形-根据语境选出正确选项As we all know, any pers on who _1_ the bad habit of smok ing will get 2 to ni cotine.They believe that smok ing is enjoying life in stead of _3_. In my opinion,t

45、he reason why the smokers don t quit smoking is that they just want to relieve theirheavy _4_. For most smokers, they do be clear of the harmful _5_ of smoking, and theydo be trying to make some cha nge.1. A.throws awayB. decides onC. gets intoD. reaches for2. A.addictedB. relaxedC. ashamedD. disapp

46、o inted3. A.getting accustomedB. feeli ng likeC. getting awayD . tak ing risks4. A.withdrawalB . stressC. abortionD . obesity5. A.comprehensionB. abuseC. banD . effect答案 1.C 2.A3.D 4.B 5.DPart 3|练实基础考点多维检测I.在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式 热考常考1.If you become mentally(mental) addicted to computer games it

47、II be very difficult for youto give them up.2.I m very tired after the exchange progra rfieel like going(go) to bed now.3.These days the doors of loads of banks lock automatically(automatic)4.It is not appropriate for us to put this young wolf back to the wild, because it hasn tlearned survival(surv

48、ive) skills.5.Don t belisappointed(disappoint). Keep studying hard, and you will succeed in time.6.The top official eventually was arrested for abusing(abuse) his power.7.Those children were so unfit(fit) that they were unable to do even basic exercise.8.It is illegal(legal) to drive a car that is n

49、ot taxed and insured.So please never do it.9.However busy he is, the pianist makes_it a rule to read at least 20 minutes a day.10. To our surprise the little boy did win the champi on ship last mon th.n.用所给词的正确形式填空不规则变化1.Last week, Robert was taken(take) off the school basketball team becausehe brok

50、e therules.2.I had sent(send) you some advice I found on the Internet before he came in.川改正下列句子中的唯一错误 易错易混1. The assignment seems not so toughly to me.One more hour， I can finish it. toughlytough3.My most embarrassed moment was trying to introduce a lady whose name escapedme.embarrassechembarrass in

51、g4.His con duct,judged by what he had done was disho nest.judgechjudg ing5.He had become accustomed to live without electricity, and missed it very little.live living6.The disease is spreading and all the children under five are at risky.risk 戶 risk7.I was breathlessly after running up the stairs.br

52、eathlessbreathless8.There is over 200 miles from London to Manchester.TherIt9.As a determined girl, she won tgive out easily whatever difficulty she may have.ou up10. The sponsors have decided a date for the opening ceremony.decid 后加 onIV .根据语境选出加黑词的正确含义一一熟词生义A. in crease B. shake C. longs for1.The

53、manageris desperate fora relaxing holiday after a year C s work.2.His pare nts disapproval dWeakenhis determ in ati on to go abroadBPart 4提高应试技能切块集训丨语用组合练III.完形填空We talk about the persistenee 坚持不懈)needed to make our dream come true today.Justthink of Wilbur and Orville Wright.Their_1_ certainly didn

54、 t happenover ni ght!2. I m ashamed to admitting that Ive neverread(OmyttPtbngemadmit2. A.toyB. toolWilbur was 12 years old and Orville 8 when their father brought home a _2_. It was arubber _3_ made in France.They _4_ it so much that they played with it un til it broke .Immediately, they bega n _5_

55、 copies.They were hooked on aviation （飞行器制造） ! In 1900,as young men, having built their first glider（ 滑翔 机）,they decided to _6_ it out at KittyHawk on Kill Devil Hills.It _7_ consistent strong winds and the somewhat cushioningeffects of sand.That first flight was unsuccessful8it didn t stop them.Aft

56、er severalmore ,tries December17, 1903, with a much _9 plane, they risked their lives to drive it in the wind.They10 flying the world fBrst powered airplane.Beginning at 10： 35a. m.that day, Orville 一 11_ it 120 feet in about 12 seconds.At 1200, Wilbur flew it 852 feetin 59 sec on ds! Joh nny Moore,

57、 one of five men who _12_ them that morning（in chargeof dragging the plane across the sand for positioning）, ran to the village of Kitty Hawk_13，“They venade it!” This was the _14 of aviation! At this time , Wilbur was 36and Orville 32.Roughly 24 years had passed _15_ their father gave them that toy

58、!If you have a _16, work at it.If it doesn t turn out as don t give upTry again! Who wants to live and say somewhere “If only ” “ What if ?”18what you want and accomplish it.Don t ever giveUp! in the world can take the place ofpersistence.Talent will not; nothing is more 20_ than unsuccessful men wi

59、thtalent.Education will not; the world is full of educated derelicts（流浪 汉）.Persiste nce anddeterm in ati on alone are omn ipoten 无 所不能的）.【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。莱特兄弟发明飞机的经历证明：坚持不懈是 成功的法宝1. A.failureB. accidentC. achievementD. change答案 C 由第二段可知，莱特兄弟发明了飞机，然而他们的“成就 (achievement)不是一夜之间完成的。 答案 A 由下文的 they played

60、 with it until it broke 可推断，父亲给他们带回来一个“玩具(toy)”。C bookDpet3A.carB bicycleC helicopterDship答案 C 由下文的 They were hooked on aviation 可推断，这个礼物与飞机有关。故选 helicopter。 4A.desiredBmissedCneededDliked答案 D 由下文的 they played with it until it broke 可知，兄弟俩很 “ 喜欢(liked) ”这个玩具。5A.buildingBsellingCbuyingDdrawing答案 A 由下