【高考模拟试卷】2018广州高考英语二模试题及答案

1、12018 年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）英 语2018.04本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分 120 分第 I 卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AZoo Exhibit Game Each animalexhibit will haven formationabout the animal located there.You will get to learn about eachanimals habitat, th

2、eir conservati on status and someother quick facts. As you explorethe zoo check off all the endangered ani mals you discoverfrom the list below. Find them alland win a free T-shirt oMountain Gorilla o Chin eseAlligator o Snow Leopard owhite-w in ged Wood Duck oRed Panda o Gia nt Turtle oKoala o Tree

3、 Kan garoo o Redwolf o Tiger Sn ake o AfricanWild Dog o Gia nt An teaterThank you farvisiting.Your vkflf Jielpt isppori I lie；reoZlK iJiiintIs；,21. How can a pers on get afree t-shirt at the zoo?Zoo MannersThe zoo is a smoke free area Noballoons, balls, bikes, or rollerskates allowed. Pets are notal

4、lowed- excepti ng guide dogsfor bli ndStay on the pathways and donot place childre n on raili ng. Don ot throw anything in to theanimal exhibits. Please help ourconservation efforts by depositingtrash andrecyclables properly.Lost Pers onsIf separated from your group askany zoo employee or securitygu

5、ard for immediate assista nee,or go directly to theAdministration Building reception desk Facilities and ServicesEnjoy a delicious meal at one ofour two ani mal-themed cafrestaura nts. Our Visitor Centreoffers cards, books and toys soyou can always remember youday at the zoo. There is also anhourly

6、ani mal prese ntati on near the Main Entrance whereyou can lear n more about theanimals, pet them and even takea picture with them.A Follow all the zoo rulesB. Visit all the zoos exhibitsC. Bring along ano ther guest D Ide ntify all the ani mals in dan ger.22. Where should a lost person go for help?

7、A. Main Entrance B. Visitor CentreC. Administration Building.D Nursing Centre.23. Which of the following is allowed at the zoo?A Riding your bikeB Taking your cameraC. Feeding the animals D Smoking cigarettesVisitor Guide andeMap2BI saw it first, Amy said, as she ripped the old leather wallet out of

8、 Charlies hands. Without saying aword, as if they both understood that this was a secret they didn want to share with anyone, they slippedinto the alley, where no one could see them look insideTheres got to be a million dollars here! Charlie blurted out, when they saw the pile of hundred- dollarbill

9、s. Amy, the more realistic of the two, did a quick estimate, thumbing through the wad of cash. Morelike thousands” she siacied,shearkivnogin disbelief.Theyd found the wallet in a flowerbed by the sidewalk, when Charlie dropped his cell phone while hewas trying to talk and eat a slice of pepperoni pi

10、zza at the same time. Amy stuffed the wallet into herbackpack and pulled Charlie along by his elbow toward her house. As they rushed toward ViceroyAvenue, they talked excitedly about what they could do with the money-buy gifts for parents and friends,get new clothes, travel to the rainforest in Cost

11、a Rica, and adopt a whale. It looked like all of theirdreams would come true. For the last block, however, they didn t talk. Each began tosuspect that the other one was silently adding to the list of things they could buy.They finally reached Amy s house, but instead of going inside, they walked aro

12、und the house to theback porch. They opened the wallet and counted the money into piles of ten. The total wasS2400- moremoney than either of them had ever seen. Then they both started talking at once. I wonder who lost itTheir moods shifted, sinking from the high of being rich for fifteen minutes to

13、 resigning themselves towhat they must do next. For in the wallets clear plastic compartment, there was a drivers license. Theyknew what they had to do. Although they would lose their newly-found treasure, in a way, they feltrelieved.24. Where did Amy and Charlie find the wallet?A. In an alleyB In a

14、 backpackC. Among some flowersD On the sidewalk25. In paragraph 2, why was Amy s voice shaking?A. She was afraid that they would be seen by othersB. She was disappointed there wasnt a million dollarsC. She was fearful that Charlie would tell someone elseD. She felt nervous because shed never seen so

15、 much money26. On their way to Amy s house, the childrens mood changed fromA excited to suspiciousB. happy to angryC relieved to worried D. nervous to disappointed27. What did the children decide to do at the end of the story?A. To keep the money a secret from othersB. To return the wallet to its ri

16、ghtful ownerC. To put the wallet back where they found it.D. To buy many different things with the money.CAn article published in the prestigious scientific journal Nature sheds new light on an important, butup-to-now little appreciated, aspect of human evolution. In this article Professors Dennis B

17、ramble andDaniel Lieberman suggest that being able to run was the necessary condition for the development of ourspecies which enabled us to come down from the trees. This challenges traditional scientific thinking,which claims that the distinctive, upright body form of modern humans has come about a

18、s a result of theability to walk, and that running is simply a by-product of walking. Furthermore, humans have usually3been regarded as poor runners compared to such animals as dogs, horses or deer. However, this is onlytrue if we consider running at high speed, especially over short distances. But

19、when it comes tolong-distance running, humans do astonishingly well. They can keep a steady pace for many kilometres,and their overall speed is at least the same as that of horses or dogsBramble and Lieberman examined 26 physical features found in humans. One of the most interestingof these is the n

20、uchai ligament（项韧带）.When we run, this ligament prevents our head from movingback and forth or from side to side. Therefore, we are able to run with steady heads, held high. Thenuchal ligament is not found in any other surviving primates, such as apes and monkeys. Then there areour Achilles tendons （

21、跟腱） at the backs of our legs, which connect our calf muscles to our heelbones and which have nothing to do with walking. When we run, these tendons behave like springs,helping to push us forward. Furthermore, we have low, wide shoulders virtually disc onn ected from ourskulls（颅骨）,a physical developm

22、e nt which allows us to run more efficiently.But what evolutionary advantage is gained from being good long-distance runners? Perhaps itpermitted early humans to obtain food more effectively. What these features and facts appear to betelling us is that running evolved in order for our direct ancesto

23、rs to compete with other meat-eatinganimals for access to the protein needed to grow the big brains that we enjoy today, says Lieberman.Some scientists put forward the theory that early humans chased animals for great distances in order toexhaust them before killing them.Research on the history of h

24、umans ability to move has traditionally been controversial, saysLieberman. At the very least, I believe this theory will motivate many researchers to reevaluate andfurther investigate how humans learned to run and walk and why we are built the way we are. 28. In paragraph 1, what do the two professo

25、rs suggest about humans ability to run?A. It is an evolutionary by-product of walking.B. It helps to form peoples ability to climb trees.C. It has played an important role in human evolution.D. It has not been adequately studied by scientists before.29. What is true about the physical characteristic

26、s examined by the professors?A. Achilles tendons assist people to walk long distances.B. The human skull helps people to run more efficiently.C. peoples shoulders allow them to look from side to side.4D. The nu chai ligame nt en ables people to hold their head steady.30. Accord ing to paragraph 3, s

27、cie ntists believe that early humans_ .A. always came across dan gerous situatio ns in lifeB. ran after ani mals for long dista nces whe n hun ti ngC ofte n failed to find food because they could nt run fast D developed their hun ti ng skills byrunning long dista nces31. Professor Lieberma n thi nks

28、 the new theory will_.A completely expla in how running developed B revoluti onize the theory of huma n evoluti onC. encourage more in-depth studies on the topicD. be widely supported withi n the scie ntific com munityDScien tists have solved the mystery of why the overwhelmingmajority of mammoth fo

29、ssils（化 石）are male.Much like wild elepha nts today, young male Ice Agemammoths probably travelled around alone and more often gotthemselves into risky situations where they were swept into rivers,or fell through ice or into mud, lakes or sin kholes that preservedtheir bones for thousands of years, s

30、cie ntists say.Females, on the other hand, travelled in groups led by an oldermatriarch who knew the Ian dscape and directed her group awayfrom dan ger.Without the ben efit of livi ng in a herd led by an experie need female, male mammoths had amuch higher risk of dying in n atural traps such as mud

31、holes, rock cracks and lakes, said co-authorLove Dalen of the Swedish Museum of Natural History in a report published on Thursday in thejournalCurre nt Biology.The study used gen etic data to determ ine the sex of 98 woolly mammoth fossils in SiberiaResearchers found that 69% of the samples were mal

32、e, a heavily un bala need sex ratio, assu ming thatthe sexes were fairly eve n at birthWe were very surprised because there was no reas on to expect a sex bias in the fossil record,said first author Patricia Pecnerova, also of the Swedish Museum of Natural History.Therefore, researchers believe that

33、 something about the way they lived in flue need the way theydied.Most bon es, tusks, and teeth from mammoths and other Ice Age ani mals have nt survived, explained Dale nIt is highly likely that the remains that are found in Siberia these days have been preservedbecause they have bee n buried, and

34、thus protected from weatheri ng.These gia nt, tusked pla nt eaters disappeared about 4,000 years ago. While there is no scientificagreement about the causes of their disappearancefrom the planet, most believe that climate cha nge,excessive hun ti ng by huma ns and the spread of other ani mals into m

35、ammoth feed ing grounds werein flue ntial factors.32. The un derli ned word matriarch in paragraph 3 mea ns_.A. figure headB. female leaderC experie need ani malD. mature mammoth33. Why do the majority of mammoth fossils come from male ani mals?5A. Scientists find it easier to study male fossilized

36、bones.B. There were more male mammoths in comparis on to femalesC Male mammoths were better able to adapt to the cha nging circumsta nces.D. Male mammoths more frequently died in places where fossils could form.34. Which of the follow ing is suggested as a reas on for mammoths dying out?A. The in cr

37、eas ing competiti on for food.B. The cooli ng of the earths temperature.C. The disappeara nee of male mammoths.D The risky behaviour of youn ger mammoths.35. What is the text type of the passage?A. A n ewspaper article.B. An academic essay.C. A historical descripti on.D. A scie nee fictio n story.第二

38、节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Mary went through a pers onal experie nee 40 years ago that cha nged her life pathand established her connection with Chin ese herbal medici ne.Still childless after 13 years of marriage, Mary Ion ged to become a mother. For years she travelledfrom country

39、to country and visited top experts in the field, but without success.36. However, herChinese herbalist grandmother gaveher hope through a herbal treatme nt.After three and a half years she became pregnant._37_ Theexpectant mother s delight was shared by the rest of her family too. This was the point

40、 when she madeup her mind to carry on her grandmother s work and devote her life toherbal medici ne research, developme nt and promoti on. To this end, she inv ested in a large herbalgarden in the suburbs of Jakarta, where more than 30,000 plants aregrow n._ 38_ .Through the application of great eff

41、ort and resources over many, many years,Mary s career has developed vigorously, as has garde n._ 39_When shewas asked whether is was worthwhile to have devoted so much of her life to this research, she firmlyresp on ded,“ What I have done is to fulfill a promise I once made.More importantly, I want

42、to bring Chinese herbal medicine to all those in need.A. More tha n 7,000 of these can be used as medic in es.B. The mome nt the n ews was con firmed, she burst into tears of happ in ess.C. I believe it can help relieve pain and enable the sick to regain their hope of life.D. Mary decided to make gr

43、eat contributions to the development of Chinese medici ne.E. The heartbreak and disappointment was so great that she came close to giving up.F. I m so happy that the local people like to use Chinese medicine for treatment.G. Although she is now 80 years old, she is still committed to the study of Ch

44、in ese herbal medic ine第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）The way in which children learn is an ever-growing area of study. It is 41 that children differ fromadult learners in many ways, but what is interesting is that there are also quite a number of unexpected42 across learners of all agesFor much of the 20th

45、 century, most psychologists 43 the traditional theory that a newborns mind isa/an 44 sheet of paper upon which the record of experienee is gradually impressed. During that time,scientists believed that oral 45 was n ecessary for abstract thought. I n its 46 , scie ntists assumed thata baby could no

46、thave 47 of abstract concepts. As babies are born with a/an 48 range of behaviors and spe nd most oftheir early mon ths sleep ing, they certa inly appear passive and 49 . Therefore, it was commo nly6thought that babies 50 the ability to form complex ideas. Un til rece ntly, there was no obvious way

47、forbabies to prove anything to the 51to the researcherIn time, however, challenges to this 52 arose. It became clear that with_53 designed scientificprocedures, psychologists could find ways to 54 rather complex question about how much infants andyoung children know and what 55 they have. Psychologi

48、sts bega n to employ new methods to 56 a largeamount of data about the remarkable abilities that young children 57. Their researchfindings stood in great contrast to the earlier 58 in the field that focused almost 59_on what childrenlacked. The 60 of young children came to life through this research

49、. It became clear that very youngchildre n are both compete nt and active whe n it comes to their men tal developme nt.41. A doubtfulB.n ecessaryC obviousD.surpris ing42. A. examplesB.pers on alitiesC possibilitiesD.com mon alities43. A acceptedB.resistedC. studiedD replaced44. A. accessibleB bla nk

50、C. eon creteD.dark45.A. agreeme ntB.com muni cati on C. suggesti onD.treatme nt46. A abse neeB. disappeara neeC. returnD.sense47. A adapti onB.burde nC. comprehe nsionD.satisfacti on48. A. averagedB.un expectedC. limitedD reas on able49. A. confidentB un believableC. lovelyD. un aware50. A. lear nB.

51、 requireC. lackD. remember51. A con traryB goodC. equalD. truth52. A. actionB. proofC. problemD. view53. A automaticallyB carefullyC. n aturallyD. similarly54. A. take awayB. show offC. turn dow nD put forward55. A adva ntagesB. abilitiesC feeli ngsD. reas ons56. A. collectB. markC. restrictD suppor

52、t57. A. findB. processC recog nizeD. lose58. A. scie ntistsB questi onsC. studiesD. traditi ons59. A. en tirelyB highlyC relativelyD. slightly60. A. differe neeB. focusC. ideaD. mi nd第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形 式。Throughout history, people have thought of the oc

53、ea n as a diverse and limitless source of food.Yet today there is clear evide nee that the ocea ns have a limit. Most of the big fish in our oceans arenow 61(go). One major cause is overfishing.People are tak ing so many fish from the sea that many species cannot replace 62(they)For cen turies, loca

54、l fisherme n caught only eno ugh fish for their own and their com mun itys needs. However, from the early 20th cen tury, people around the world became interested63consuming protein-rich foods, People began 64(catch)large quantities of fish for profit and selling them to worldwide markets. In a very

55、 short period oftime, commercial fish in g 65 (great) reduced the nu mber of large predatory fish, such as cod and tuna.Today, there are still ple nty of fish in the sea, 66 theyre mostly just the little on es. Small fish, 67_ in clude sard ines and an chovies, have more tha n doubled innu mber- lar

56、gely because there are not eno ugh big fish 68 (eat)themSuch large fish 69 (be) n ecessary,becausethey hunt and kill the sick and weak smaller fish. Withoutthis weeding out, or survival of the fittest, ecosystems become less stable. As a result, fish are less ableto survive 70 (difficult) such as po

57、lluti on, en vir onmen tal cha nge, or cha nges in the food supply.7第四部分 写作(共两节满分 35)第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的 增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10

58、处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。Daniel was born with a brain disorder. Because of it, he was differently from other children. As a boy,he likes to play alone and acted strangely. To many of his classmate, Daniel seemed unu suala nd welaughed at him. This hurt Daniel deeply, but he became very shyAs a teenager,thi

59、ngs were changed. Daniel found he could solve difficult maths problems almost insta ntly. He also discovered other tale nt: he could lear n to speak a Ian guage very quickly. Today, he isflue nt in twelfth Ian guages.As adult， Daniel has overcome his shyn ess. He has writte n two books and now he8travels constantly to talk to people with his life第二节书面表达 （满