ARM嵌入式系统论文

1、ARM Embedded System PaperARM嵌入式论文ARM introductionIf, say, "embedded" is 2008 years electronic engineer talking about one of the most word in 2009, most of the talk about a word is "ARM". What is ARM? He is a British electronic company name, the full name mean Advanced RISC Machin

2、e. The company was founded in November 1990, is apple computer, Acorn computer group and VLSI Technology of the joint venture. Acorn has launched the world's first commercial single chip RISC processors, and apple computer was hope will RISC technology in their own system, the ARM microprocessor

3、 new standards so arises at the historic moment.假如,说,“嵌入式”是2008年电子工程师谈论的一个最字2009年,大多数的谈论一个单词是“手臂”。手臂是什么?他是一个英国电子公司的名字,全名是先进的RISC机器。公司成立于1990年11月,是苹果电脑,Acorn计算机集团和VLSI技术的合资企业。Acorn已经推出了世界上第一个商业单片RISC处理器,和苹果电脑是期望将RISC技术在自己的系统中,ARM微处理器新标准应运而生。At the end of 80 s, 90 s semiconductor industry chain just a

4、ppear division of labor, TSMC, LianDian semiconductor foundry etc are slowly rise, some of the silicon valley fabless companies also have mushroomed emerging as, so-called fabless design company chip, but the production process is the package to give TSMC foundry production etc. And ARM is for the w

5、orld first, 19 years ago created chipless production model, that is, the company is neither production chip, also don't design chips, but the design of effective IP kernel, to authorize a semiconductor companies use, semiconductor company in the ARM technology based on add your own design and in

6、troduction of chip products, finally by OEM customers use these chips to construct the system based on ARM technology products. This way, a bit like the communications industry in the qualcomm and the semiconductor industry RAMBUS, they stand in the semiconductor industry chain upstream of the upstr

7、eam. 19 years ago formed ARM may face a lot of risk, because no one know the road can not work, but now the facts have proved, ARM away a no man through, but it is the right path. As additional products, he also let China's industry members from the window to understand the British electronics c

8、ompany, the success of the ARM of the British chipless led the development of the company.80年月末,90年月半导体产业链分工消灭,台积电,LianDian半导体等正在渐渐上升,硅谷的一些专业公司也如雨后春笋般涌现的新兴,所谓专业设计公司芯片,但生产过程是包给台积电铸造生产等和手臂是世界第一,19年前创建无屑的生产模式,也就是说,公司既不生产芯片,也不设计芯片,但设计有效的IP内核,授权一个半导体公司使用,半导体公司在ARM技术的基础上添加自己的设计和芯片产品的介绍,最终通过OEM客户使用这些芯片构建系统

9、基于ARM技术的产品。这样,有点像高通的通信行业和半导体行业RAMBUS,他们站在半导体产业链上游的上游。19年前形成的手臂可能面临很多的风险,由于没有人知道这条路不能工作,但是现在,事实已经证明,手臂没有人通过,但这是正确的道路。作为额外的产品,他还让中国从窗口行业成员理解英国电子公司的成功的英国无屑的公司的进展。Because ARM of the product is IP Core, without any physical sense of hardware or software entities, therefore can only registered in China to

10、 become "consultation" company, despite of its business consulting is just a few. ARM the core business is selling chips core technology IP, at present the whole world has 103 giant IT company in the home ARM technology, 20 largest semiconductor manufacturers in 19 is the ARM users, includ

11、ing Texas instruments, stmicroelectronics, Philips, Intel, etc. The only 20 giants didn't buy ARM authorized is the old Intel rival AMD, Intel because the StrongARM processor is portable, and AMD is the acquisition of the Alchemy company fight, used the MIPS structure.由于产品的手臂是IP核,没有任何硬件或软件实体的物理意

12、义,因此只能在中国注册成为“询问”公司,尽管其业务询问只是少数。ARM核心业务是销售芯片核心技术学问产权,目前全世界有103家中大型IT公司ARM技术,20 19手臂用户最大的半导体制造商,包括德州仪器、意法半导体、飞利浦、英特尔等。只有20个巨人没有买手臂授权是古老的英特尔竞争对手AMD,英特尔由于StrongARM处理器是便携式,和AMD是炼金术的收购公司,使用了MIPS结构。ARM product introductionARM offer a series of core, system expansion, microprocessor and system chip solutio

13、ns. Because all products are used a general software system, so the same software can be in all products operation (in theory so). Typical products as follows.臂产品介绍部门供应一系列核心,系统扩张,微处理器和系统芯片的解决方案。由于全部的产品都是使用一种通用的软件系统,所以相同的软件可以在全部产品操作(在理论上)。典型的产品如下。CPU core (CPU核心)ARM7TDMI (Thumb) : this is the most au

14、thorized users a product will ARM7 instruction set with Thumb extension together, in order to reduce memory capacity and system cost. At the same time, it also use embedded ICE commissioning technical to simplify system design, and a digital signal processor (DSP) enhance extended to improve perform

15、ance. The product of the typical application is digital cellular phones and hard disk drives.ARM7TDMI(拇指):这是最授权用户的产品将与拇指ARM7指令集扩展在一起,以削减内存容量和系统成本。与此同时,它也使用嵌入冰调试技术来简化系统的设计,和数字信号处理器(DSP)增加扩展来提高性能。产品的典型应用是数字蜂窝电话和硬盘驱动器。ARM710 series, including ARM710, ARM710T, ARM720T and ARM740T: low price, low energy

16、consumption, encapsulation type routine system micro processor, equipped with Cache (Cache), memory management, writing buffer and JTAG. Widely used in handheld computing, data communication and consumer multimedia.ARM7 optimized for use on price and power consumption of the application of sensitive

17、 low power consumption and a nuclear, very low power consumption; Three parts assembly line and and von neumann structure, provide 0.9 MIPS/MHz.ARM710系列,包括ARM710、ARM710T ARM720T ARM740T:价格低,能耗低,封装类型常规系统微处理器,配有缓存(缓存),内存管理,写缓冲区和JTAG。广泛应用于手持计算机、数据通信和消费多媒体。ARM7优化使用价格和功耗敏感的低功耗的应用程序和一个核,格外低功耗;三部分组装线和冯

18、3;诺依曼结构,供应0.9 MIPS / MHz。ARM9TDMI: the five stages GuanDaoHua ARM9 kernel, also equipped with Thumb extension, commissioning and Harvard bus. In the production process of the same case, performance of ARM7TDMI twice as many. Often used for networking and the top place box.ARM9TDMI:五个阶段GuanDaoHua ARM

19、9内核,还配备了拇指扩展、调试和哈佛公共汽车。在生产过程相同的状况下,ARM7TDMI两倍的性能。通常用于网络和地方盒子顶部。ARM940T series low, low energy consumption, high performance system microprocessor, equipped with, memory management and write buffer. Application to the advanced engine management, and security system, the top place box, portable comput

20、er and high-grade printer. StrongARM: high performance, at the same time satisfy the need of the routine use a microprocessor technology, and joint research DEC, later license to Intel. SA110 processor, SA1100 PDA system chip and SA1500 multimedia processor chip is using this technique.ARM940T系列低,能耗

21、低,高性能微处理器系统,配备、内存管理和写缓冲区。应用先进的引擎管理和平安系统,顶部位置框,便携式电脑和高档打印机。StrongARM:高性能,同时满足日常的需要使用微处理器技术,联合争辩12月,后来英特尔的许可证。SA110处理器,SA1100 PDA系统芯片和SA1500多媒体处理器芯片使用这种技术。ARM920T, began, ARM940T, ARM966E-S, ARM968E-S, ARM996HS has a high performance and low power consumption of leading a macro unit, level 5 lines str

22、ucture; Harvard structure provides 1.1 MIPS/MHz. ARM920T and began the performance of the built-in MMU, instructions and data cache and high-speed AMBA bus interface. AMBA chip bus is an open standard, has become the construction and development of library SoC IP criterion of truth. AMBA advanced hi

23、gh performance bus (AHB) interface by all new ARM now nuclear support, provide development all the integrated design system. ARM940T built-in instructions and data cache, protection unit and high-speed AMBA bus interface.ARM920T开头,ARM940T ARM966E-S、ARM968E-S ARM996HS高性能和低功耗的主要一个宏单元,5级线结构;哈佛结构供应了1.1

24、MIPS / MHz。ARM920T并开头内置的MMU的性能,指令和数据缓存和高速AMBA总线接口。安巴芯片总线是一种开放标准,已成为图书馆的建设和进展SoC IP真理的标准。安巴先进的高性能总线(AHB)接口的全部新手臂现在核支持,供应开发全部的集成设计系统。ARM940T内置指令和数据缓存,爱护单元和高速AMBA总线接口。ARM7500 and ARM7500FE: highly integrated RISC single chip computer, a cache type based on ARM7 32 bit kernel, with memory and I/O contro

25、ller, three DMA channel, the video controller and palette of and stereo port; ARM7500FE increased by a floating point unit and the support of EDO DRAM. Especially suitable for the top box and TV for the network computer (NC).ARM7500 ARM7500FE:高度集成的RISC单片机,缓存类型基于ARM7 32位内核、内存和I / O把握器,三个DMA通道的视频把握器和面

26、板和立体声港口;ARM7500FE增加了一个浮点单元和江户DRAM的支持。特殊适合的机顶盒和电视网络计算机(NC)。ARM10 ARM1020E, ARM1022E, ARM1026EJ-S, series is 64 bit AHB instructions and data interface; 6 levels of assembly line structure; 1.25 / MHz MIPS; Than comparable ARM9 device performance increased by 50%. Added two new advanced energy-saving

27、way to get the abnormal low power consumption. VFP10 coprocessor perfect compliance ARM10 device to supply high-performance floating point solutions ARM10 has three kernel respectively is: ARM1026EJ-S , ARM1020E , ARM1022E .ARM10 ARM1020E、ARM1022E ARM1026EJ-S,系列64位AHB指令和数据接口;6水平的流水线结构;1.25 / MHz MIP

28、S;比ARM9设备性能增加了50%。添加了两个新的先进的节能方法不正常的低功耗。VFP10协处理器完善合规ARM10设备供应高性能浮点解ARM10有三个内核分别是:ARM1026EJ-S,ARM1020E,ARM1022E。ARM11 MPCore, ARM1136J (F)-S, ARM1176JZ (F)-S it is efficient high performance CPU, domestic haven't products appear.ARM11 MPCore ARM1136J(F)- s,ARM1176JZ(F)- s高效高性能CPU,国内还没有产品消灭。ARM s

29、oftware system and operating system in the paper手臂软件系统和操作系统The embedded system usually in the specific application as the center, take the processor as core and face the reality of the application software and hardware system, the hardware the embedded system operation of the foundation and platform

30、, providing the software required for the operation of physics platform and communication interface; And of the embedded system software generally include operating system and application software, they are the whole system control core, provide machine and other information interaction. Therefore,

31、the development of embedded system usually includes both hardware and software development, hardware mainly includes choosing appropriate MCU, storage device or SOC type, the communication interface and the I/O, power and other auxiliary equipment; Software of mainly involves OS porting and applicat

32、ion development, at the same time, software interrupts commissioning and real-time debugging, code, and the optimization of portability/reusable and software curing and so on is also the key embedded software development.嵌入式系统通常在具体应用为中心,以处理器为核心和面对现实的应用软件和硬件系统,硬件的嵌入式系统运行的基础平台,供应所需的软件操作的物理平台和通信接口,和一般的

33、嵌入式系统软件包括操作系统和应用软件,它们是整个系统的把握核心,供应机器和其他信息交互。因此,嵌入式系统的开发通常包括硬件和软件开发,硬件主要包括选择合适的单片机,存储设备或SOC类型、通信接口和I / O,电力和其他帮助设备,主要包括操作系统移植和应用程序的软件开发,与此同时,软件中断调试和实时调试代码,便携性/可重用和软件的优化养护等等也是嵌入式软件开发的关键。ARM of the operating system and the system development the execution environment provides the widest choice, custome

34、rs can according to need to choose the most to adapt to the requirements of the market based on ARM embedded operating system. Alternative embedded operating system has a few kinds, used more have Linux, WinCE, Palm, Symbian, and so on. The WinCE more OEM is according to their needs, and specific em

35、bedded devices of development, such as GPS navigation equipment. The Palm operating system manufacturers have lenovo samsung SONY, their shipments are very great. Symbian operating system is advanced global public industry standard operating system, based on the Symbian operating system of mobile ph

36、ones have: BenQ, DoCoMo, Motorola, Nokia, ltd., samsung, SONY Ericsson etc. Linux is the source code of the opening of the operating system, it can run in including ARM and so on many kinds of mainstream processor architecture. Because a large number of engineers in the development of open source an

37、d related development tools, Linux can be more convenient for transplantation.手臂的操作系统和系统开发执行环境供应了广泛的选择,客户可以依据需要选择最适应市场需求的基于ARM的嵌入式操作系统。选择嵌入式操作系统有几种,使用更多的Linux,畏缩,棕榈,塞班,等等。畏缩的OEM是依据他们的需求,和特定的嵌入式设备的进展,GPS导航设备等。Palm操作系统制造商三星索尼、联想出货量格外大。塞班操作系统是先进的全球公共行业标准操作系统,基于Symbian操作系统的手机有:明基,DoCoMo,摩托罗拉、诺基亚、有限公司、三星

38、、索尼爱立信等。Linux是源代码开放的操作系统,它可以运行在包括手臂等等多种主流的处理器架构。由于大量的工程师开放源码和相关开发工具的进展,Linux可以更便利移植。With Linux as an example, the choice based on ARM Linux, can get more development the application of source code, can use the high-performance ARM processor develop more vast network and wireless applications, ARM of

39、 the Jazelle technology bring Linux the workbench Java program better performance. ARM company series development tools and development plate, and the various development BBS available information bring faster time to the market.使用Linux作为一个例子,选择基于ARM Linux,可以得到更多的开发应用程序的源代码,可以使用高性能的ARM处理器开发更浩大的网络和无线

40、应用程序,手臂Jazelle技术使Linux工作台Java程序更好的性能。ARM公司系列开发工具和开发板和可用的各种进展论坛信息给市场带来更快的时间。ARM development processARM开发过程Based on ARM926 Linux development as an example, scan the entire development process:1 design principle diagram (including the WIGGLER JTAG visit really device);2 design PCB (including the WIGGLE

41、R JTAG visit really device);3 plate;4 welding voltage, determine the voltage no problem;5 welding 44 B0 + JTAG circuit + WIGGLER JTAG visit of the surrounding circuit is +, with BANYANT + simulators connection, BANYANT tip mistakes, but can display the 44 B0 Numbers, explain 44 B0 no problem;6 weldi

42、ng crystal + RAM + ROM + surrounding circuit, with BANYANT + simulators connection, can show the correct 44 B0;7 BANYANT + simulation with the connecting, open AXD, in the command line window operation RAM, see can modify, if (with memory window see RAM address) RAM is no problem can use this comman

43、d "setmem 0 xc000000, 0 XFFFFFFFF, 32"8 procedures according to "FLASH and writing summaries" burn to FLASH, test;9 in accordance with the UBOOT transplant operation "transplantation UBOOT;10 according to "UCLINUX download simple showing next UCLINUX;基于ARM926 Linux开发作为一

44、个例子,扫描整个开发过程:1设计原理图(包括孑孓JTAG访问真正的设备);2设计PCB(包括孑孓JTAG访问真的设备);3板;4焊接电压,确定电压没有问题;5焊接44 B0 + JTAG电路+孑孓JTAG访问四周的电路+ BANYANT +模拟器连接,BANYANT提示错误,但是可以显示44 B0的数字,解释44 B0没问题;6焊接水晶+ RAM +罗+周边电路,BANYANT +模拟器连接,可以显示正确的44 B0;7 BANYANT +模拟连接,打开AXD,在命令行窗口中操作内存,可以修改,假如(内存窗看到内存地址)内存没有问题可以使用这个命令“setmem 0 xc000000开头,0

45、XFFFFFFFF 32 ”;8程序依据“闪电和写作摘要”燃烧FLASH,测试;9依据UBOOT移植操作“移植UBOOT;10 “将来UCLINUX UCLINUX下载简洁的显示;SummaryAMR (Audio/MODEM Riser, voice/MODEM card) is a set of open industrial standard, it defined expansion CARDS can also support voice and MODEM function. Use this to the design, can effectively reduce the co

46、st, and solve the voice and MODEM subsystem at present on the function of some restrictions. People actually would have wanted to put the MODEM subsystem integrated into the system board, but since there are electromagnetic interference and other convenient factors, so the most important MODEM simul

47、ation I/O (coding/decoder and DAA) circuit can't be directly welded to temporarily on the main board. Intel company is set AMR rules, it is important for a purpose is to solve this problem, the simulated the I/O circuit transfer to a single card, the other remaining parts on the main board.Through an open, industrial standard card design, system manufacturers can use standard or special slot, with very low cost on the mainboard achieve voice and MODEM function. Because of it has more flexibility, can be integr