高中英语必修四 Unit3 A taste of English humour-语法篇（学生版）

1、.Unit3 A taste of English humour语法篇_要求学生掌握本单元的重点语法-动词的-ing形式作表语，定语，宾语补足语并能纯熟运用相关语法知识解决相应类型的题。一、动词的-ing形式由“动词原形+ing形式构成，它既是如今分词形式，也是动名词形式。v-ing能在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。其时态和语态的变化为时态 语态主动被动一般时doing being done完成时having donehaving been done二、1动词-ing分为动名词和如今分词两类。2动名词兼有动词和名词的特征，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。

2、3如今分词兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征，可在句中充当定语、表语、补语和状语。三、动词-ing作表语1.作表语的动词-ing所表达的是名词的特性，用于对主语的内容进展解释说明，可表示抽象或习惯上的动作，且主语和表语可以换位。E.g. Her job is cleaning the building.她的工作是清扫楼房。2.作表语的如今分词是形容词性的，表示主语的性质或特征，这时通常看作形容词，且主语与表语不可换位。E.g. Though the job is boring，he has to do it to make a living.尽管这份工作无趣，为了谋生他也只好做。四、v.­

3、ing形式作定语1.动词-ing作定语表示名词的属性或事物的用处时，一般只能作前置定语。E.g. Now he is waiting for you in the waiting room. 表示用处如今他在候诊室里等着你。2.动词-ing兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征时，可以作前置定语具有动词、形容词的特征，也可以作后置定语兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征，表示正在进展的动作或某种状态，单个动词-ing作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之前；动词-ing短语作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之后，相当于一个定语从句。E.g. The girl standing there =The girl who is s

4、tanding there is my classmate.站在那里的女孩是我的同学。五、动词-ing作补语1.动词-ing作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进展的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。2.当主句转换为被动构造时，原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。E.g. The boss kept the workers working the whole night. 宾语补足语那老板让工人整夜地工作。E.g. The workers were kept working the whole night. 主语补足语1位于感官动词后see，hear，feel，sme

5、ll，watch，find，notice等。E.g. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.我感到有人拍我的肩膀。2位于使役动词后have，make，let，get，keep，set，catch等。E.g. He got the clock going again.他让钟表又走了起来。3用于with复合构造中。E.g. With the light burning, he felt asleep.灯亮着，他睡着了。六、难点打破1.作表语的动词ing形式，许多是由可以表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的，用来修饰物，常见的有：moving，int

6、eresting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing，此类形容词意为：令人的。E.g. The problem is puzzling, which easily makes people puzzled.这个问题是令人迷惑的，很容易让人迷惑不解。2.see，hear，feel，watch等动词之后用动词-ing和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别。1动词-ing作宾语补足语时，表示动作正在进展；而动词不定式作宾语补足语时，表示或强调动作从开场到完毕的全过程。E.g. When w

7、e passed the classroom, we saw a student playing the piano. 动作在进展当我们经过教室时，我们看见一个学生在弹钢琴。E.g. We watched our teacher make an experiment during yesterday's class. 动作全过程在昨天的课上，我们观看老师做了一个实验。2假设用短暂性动词的某个形式作宾语补足语，其不定式短语表示一个动作，而其-ing那么表示反复动作。E.g. We heard the door slam. 一次动作 我们听见门“砰的一声关上了。E.g. We heard

8、the door slamming. 反复动作 我们听见了“砰砰砰的关门声例1.2019江西吉安段考A few days after the interview, I received a letter _ me admission to the university.A. having offered B. offered C. to be offered D. offering例 2. The program was so fascinating that the children kept their eyes _on the screen.A.to fix B. to be fixed

9、 C. fixed D. fixing例3. 2019四川 The manager was satisfied to see many new products _ after great effort.A. having developed B. to develop C. developed D. develop 例4.2019北京There are still many problems _ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.A. solving B. solved C. being solved D.to be solved

10、 例5. Volunteering gives you a chance lives, including your own.A. changeB. changing C. changedD. to change根底演练完成句子1.This is a _口头协议.2.He can't put up with _老板对他的虐待.3.No one _满足于 what he has.4.It will _吓你一跳 to hear what I paid for this ring.5.He fell in the water, _逗得孩子们乐不可支.6.He is _不是个成功的艺术家,bu

11、t a success as an art teacher.6. _ injure in the leg made it impossible for him to walk his way home.7.I was late, but _幸运地 the meeting hadn't started.8.He can't speak _满满一嘴食物.9.He looked _直接地 at me.10.He _挑选了一条领带 to wear with his suit.稳固进步用动词的适当形式填空1. As you know, seeing is _ believe.2._ ta

12、ke exercise does great good to your health.3. We saw the manager _ pick up the telephone and make a call.4. Look at the _ fly bird. It's nice!5. I want to buy a _ wash machine for my mother.6. To do that would be _ cut the foot to fit the shoe.7. We were all very _ surprise at the news. I found

13、it very _ surprise.8. He gave us an _ inspire speech. We were all _ inspire.完成句子1. I'm _; I don't mind what I wear. particular我对衣服不是很挑剔；我不介意穿什么。2. I _recently. occasion最近我经常遇见她。3. He _ without anyone noticing. slide在没有任何人注意的情况下，他溜进了一个房间。4. He told some jokes _. amuse他说了一些笑话来逗乐那个在哭闹的孩子。5. Whe

14、n the party ended, the whole room _. leave当宴会完毕时，整个房间都乱七八糟。6. She _ about what she had heard. whisper她悄悄地给我说了她听到的一些事。7. They _ by bursting into laughter.react对他说的笑话，他们回应以大笑。8. _ that everyone could understand it. explanation他的解释很清楚，每个人都可以理解。9. He _ that he couldn't drive home. drunk他醉得厉害，不能开车回家。

15、10. We _ yesterday. do我们本应该昨天购物的。单项选择1. Last night, there were millions of people the opening ceremony live on TV.A. watch B.to watch C. watched D. watching2. the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found3. We've had a good start, but next

16、, more work needs _ to achieve the final success. A. being done B. do C. to be done D. to do4. Toady there are more airplanes _ more people than ever before in the skies.A. carry B. carrying C. carried D. to be carrying 5. When we saw the road with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A. b

17、lock B. to block C. blocking D. blocked_一、单项选择1.2019福建卷 the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.A. Spending B. Spent C. Having spent D. To spend2.2019福建卷For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are importan

18、t in staying_.A. connected B. connecting C. to connect D. to be connected3.2019湖南卷_your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.A. Understanding B. To be understood C. Being understood D. Having understood4.2019湖南卷There is no greater pl

19、easure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, _at the night sky.A. to stare B. staring C. stared D. having stared5.2019湖南卷 ourselves from the physical and mental tensions，we each need deep thoughtand inner quietness.A. Having freed B. Freed C. To free D. Freeing6.2019江苏卷His lecture_,

20、a lively question-and-answer session followed.A. being given B. having givenC. to be given D. having been given7.2019江西卷 _nearly all our money , we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel .A. Having spent B. To spent C. Spent D. To have spent8.2019江西卷He is thought _foolishly .Now he has no one but himself

21、 to blame for losing the job .A. to act B. to have acted C. acting D. having acted9. A ship loaded with expensive goods was reported _ into the sea with its oil _ .A. to sink; given out B. to have sunk ; run outC. having sunk ; used up D. to have sunk ; run out of 10.2019山东卷There is a note pinned to the door_ when the shop will open again. A. saying B. says C. said D. having said 11.2019山东卷Its standard practice for a company like this one_ a security officer. A. employed B. being employed C. to employ D. employs 12.2019陕西卷12. Its quite hot today. Do you feel like _ for a swim