英语学习毕业论文

1、湖 南 涉 外 经 济 学 院本科毕业论文（设计）题目A Study of Web-based English Learning Strategies in Middle School网络环境下中学英语学习策略研究作者仇翠娥学院湖南涉外经济学院专业英语学号200801005704指导教师付丽芳二 一二 年 四 月 十五 日湖南涉外经济学院毕业论文（设计）任务书学生姓名： 仇翠娥 学号： 200801005704 专业班级： 英语本科0809班 毕业论文（设计）题目： 网络环境下中学英语学习策略研究 题目类型： 理论研究 毕业论文（设计）时间: 自 2011 年 9 月 15 日开始至 2012

2、 年 4 月 15 日止1. 毕业论文（设计）内容要求： 1题目类型：(1)理论研究(2)实验研究(3)工程设计(4)工程技术研究(5)软件开发2.主要参考资料1 Chamot, A. U. The role of learning strategies in second language acquisition J. In Michael P. B., Learner Contributions to Language Learning M. Harlow: Longman, 1987.2 Cohen. A. D. Strategies in Learning and Using a Se

3、cond Language M. London: Longman, 1998.3 O Malley, J.& Chamot. A Learning Strategies in Second Language Acquisition M. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.4 Oxford, R. Language Learning Strategies in a Nutshell: Update and ESL Suggestions. TESOL Journal, 1989, No.2(2), 18.5 Stern, H. Fun

4、damental Concepts of Language Teaching M. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983.6 Van, L. L. Interaction in the Language Curriculum: Awareness, Autonomy & Authenticity (2ed.) M. New York: Longman, 1997.7 Warschauer , M., Kern, R. Network-based Language Teaching: Concepts and Practice M.Cambridge

5、: Cambridge University Press, 2000.8 陈军向, The Internet as a TBLT Aid J.第二届中国外语教学法国际研讨会论文集, 2006.9 文秋芳. 英语学习策略论M. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社, 1996.10 文秋芳, 英语学习的成功之路M. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社,2003.3.毕业论文（设计）进度安排阶段阶 段 内 容起止时间1查找并研读资料，拟定提纲2011年9-11月2完成开题报告2011年11月中旬3完成第一稿2011年12月底4完成第二稿2012年2月5定稿2012年4月上旬指导教师（签章）：_ 日期：_系(教研室)

6、主任(签章) ：_ 日期：_二级学院院长(签章) ：_ 日期：_注：任务书由指导教师本人填写，经教研室主任（学术小组组长）审核后下发给学生。湖南涉外经济学院毕业论文（设计）指导教师评语建议成绩： 指导教师： （签章）年 月 日湖南涉外经济学院毕业论文（设计）评阅教师评语建议成绩： 评阅教师： （签章）年 月 日湖南涉外经济学院毕业论文（设计）答辩记录日期： 学生姓名： 仇翠娥 学号： 200801005704 专业班级： 英语本科0809班 题目： 网络环境下中学英语学习策略研究 毕业论文（设计）答辩委员会（小组）意见：答辩成绩： 评定等级： 答辩委员会(小组)负责人： （签章）委员（小组成员

7、）： （签章） （签章） （签章） （签章） 二级学院审查意见： 论文（设计）最终评定等级：_ 负责人： （签章） _年_月_日ABSTRACTWith the rapid development of the information and economy, English is becoming more and more important. However, most students in middle school have been influenced by educational system and learning environment, they cant learn

8、 English well. In web-based learning environment, appropriate learning strategy is vital to learn English well. The application of English learning strategies affects the cultivation and formation of language learning competence. Therefore, special emphasis on the research of English learning strate

9、gies in web-based learning environment have great theoretical and practical significance in improving middle school students English level.This paper first presents an overview, classification and importance of language learning strategies. After that, it summarizes some features of web-based learni

10、ng environment, such as teachers traits, students traits, cultural traits and learning environment and four factors which influence students English learning, include gender, personality, motivation and confidence. And according to Oxfords classification of indirect learning strategies, it proposes

11、three kinds of strategy training to improve middle school students English which include meta-cognitive strategy training, affective strategy training and social strategy training. The end, from four aspects, some suggestions are put forward, as follows: raising learners awareness of autonomy and st

12、rategy use; guiding by teachers; building a more humanizing learning environment by courseware designer; promoting autonomy through curriculum design.Key words: web-based environment; learning strategies; English learning; middle school students摘 要随着信息和经济的飞速发展，英语在人们的生活中变得越来越重要。然而，受教育体制和学习环境等因素的影响，我国

13、的中学生英语学习能力并不强。在网络学习环境中，恰当地使用学习策略对学好英语至关重要。英语学习策略的使用影响着英语学习能力的培养和形成。因此，在网络学习环境中，重视英语学习策略的研究，对于提高中学生英语学习能力具有重大的意义。本论文首先阐述了学习策略的定义、分类及学习策略的重要性，接着从教师、学生、文化以及学习环境这几个方面分析了网络学习环境的一些特点，从智力、个性、动机、自信心这几个方面分析了影响中学生英语学习策略使用的因素。然后根据Oxford对间接学习策略的分类，本文提出了3种如何培训学生提高英语学习水平的学习策略训练，即元认知策略训练、情感策略训练、社交策略训练。最后，从四方面提出了有助

14、于改善网络学习的一些建议，包括学习者要树立自主学习和使用学习策略的意识；教师的引导；通过软件设计建立一个更富人性化的网络学习环境；课程设置方面多注重学生自主学习等。 关键词：网络环境；学习策略；英语学习；中学生III湖南涉外经济学院本科生毕业论文（设计）ContentsAbstractI摘要IIIntroduction1Chapter 1 An Overview of Language Learning Strategies21.1 Definition of Language Learning Strategies21.2 Classification of Language Le

15、arning Strategies31.3 Importance of Language Learning Strategies5Chapter 2 Web-based English Learning Strategy of Middle School Students6 2.1 Main Features of Web-based English Learning62.1.1 Teachers Traits62.1.2 Students Traits72.1.3 Culture Traits82.1.4 Learning Environment82.2 Relevant Fact

16、ors that Influencing Learners Strategy Usage92.2.1 Gender92.2.2 Personality102.2.3 Motivation102.2.4 Confidence10 2.3 Strategy Training in Web-based Learning Environment11 2.3.1 Meta-cognitive Strategy Training 11 2.3.2 Affective Strategy Training122.3.3 Social Strategy Training13 Chapter 3 Suggesti

17、ons of Improving Web-based Learning15 3.1 Raising Learners Awareness of Autonomy and Strategy Use15 3.2 Guiding by Teachers 16 3.2.1 Selecting Suitable Online Learning Material from the Internet16 3.2.2 Giving Students Relevant Instruction163.2.3 Organizing Students to Communicate on the Internet16

18、3.2.4 Evaluating Students Learning Feedback Logs173.3 Building a More Humanizing Learning Environment by Courseware Designers173.4 Promoting Autonomy through Curriculum Design18Conclusion20Bibliography21Acknowledgements23Appendix A: Informative Chinese Abstract24湖南涉外经济学院本科生毕业论文（设计）IntroductionWith t

19、he rapid development of the information and economy, English is becoming more and more important. Oxford (1990:1) indicates that language learning strategies are “especially important because they are tools for active, self-directed involvement, which is essential for developing English learning com

20、petence”. Also, some researchers specify that language learning strategies contribute to the development of the English learning competence of students. Meanwhile, many problems of using learning strategy also appear and have restrained web-based learning. Students are lack of proper learning strate

21、gies under network context. Some students usually lack effective web-based learning methods and their study is not well-planned or systematic. When they study under web-based context and meet some problems, they even do not know how to solve these problems. They can not find out some counter-measure

22、ments. As for English learning in web-based learning environment, the focus is how to use learning strategy and help students themselves learn more efficiently. As a result, it is necessary for students to take language learning strategy training to develop their English learning competence.In gener

23、al, the situation in English language teaching is changing and students are given more opportunities to learn English, but the result is not satisfactory for various complicated reasons. The basic one is the lack of effective learning methods and strategies in English learning. So, as teachers they

24、have a responsibility to train the students to be able to learn English in the real world outside the classroom and the testing room. And teaching students how to learn and training them in learning strategies is English teachers important task at present time.This paper falls into three chapters. S

25、pecifically speaking, besides the introduction and conclusion, it is organized as follows:Chapter one is the general overview of language learning strategies, including the definition, classification on language learning strategies and importance of language learning strategies.Chapter two summarize

26、s some features of web-based learning environment and four factors which influence students English learning and proposes some indirect English learning strategy training to improve middle school students English. Chapter three puts forward four corresponding suggestions to improve web-based learnin

27、g.Chapter 1 An Overview of Language Learning StrategiesLanguage Learning Strategy is considered as one of the most influential factors in the field of second language learning. The importance of language learning strategies is a topic in the acquisition of English as a second or foreign language tha

28、t commands that attention of researches world-wild (Green & Oxford, 1995: 13). This chapter summarizes a number of definitions of language learning strategies and classification of language learning strategies. Then it discusses the importance of language learning strategies.1. 1 Definition of L

29、anguage Learning StrategiesLanguage learning strategies refer to all kinds of strategies employed by language learners for effective learning. However, as a matter of fact, up to now there still remain many unresolved issues concerning language learning strategies because researchers studied the str

30、ategies from different perspectives. Different definitions of learning strategies，narrow or broad in scope，can be found in the literature. For instance, the following definitions of learning strategies demonstrate a number of different opinions of some influential researchers. Tarone (1981: 17): Lea

31、rning strategies are attempts to develop linguistic and sociolinguistic competence in the target language.Stern (1983: 5): In our view strategy is best reserved for general tendencies or overall characteristics of the approach employed by the language learner, leaving techniques as the term to refer

32、 to particular forms of observable learning behavior.Chamot (198 7: 4): Learning strategies are techniques, approaches or deliberate actions that students take in order to facilitate the learning, recall of both linguistic and content area information.Rubin (1987: 15): Learning strategies are strate

33、gies which contribute to the development of the language system which the learner constructs and affect learning directly.Oxford (1989: 18): Language learning strategies are behaviors or actions which learners use to make language learning more successful, self-directed and enjoyable.Wen Qiufang (19

34、96: 21): Learning strategies are the measures taken to enhance learning. The aim of strategy use is to improve learning efficiency.Cohen (1998: 129): Second language learning strategies encompass both second language learning and second language use strategies. Taken together, they constitute the st

35、eps or actions consciously selected by learners either to improve the learning of a second language, the use of it, or both.In these definitions，a number of terms such as“strategy”，“techniques” and“learning behaviors” are used. It is obvious that these definitions reflect that peoples recognition of

36、 strategies goes from a behavioral level to a more cognitive level.1.2 Classification of Language Learning StrategiesJust as there is debate on defining language learning strategies, no consensus has been reached on categorizing those strategies either. As language learning strategy studies develop

37、and researchers identify more and more strategies, the classification schemes become more detailed and complicated which in itself is not frustration because it helps us to have a better understanding of the nature of language learning strategies. At present, the most popular classifications in the

38、field of applied linguistics are the following four kinds: (1) OMalley and Chamots three-part-approachOMalley and Chamot (1987: 17-22) classify learning strategies into three major types: cognitive strategies, meta-cognitive strategies and social/affective strategies.Cognitive strategies: They opera

39、te directly on incoming information，manipulating it in ways that enhance learning. They involve interacting with the material to be learned，manipulating the material mentally and physically，or applying a specific technique to a learning task.Meta-cognitive strategies: They are higher order executive

40、 skills that make use of knowledge about cognitive processes and constitute an attempt to regulate language learning by means of planning, monitoring and evaluating. Social/Affective strategies: They concern the ways in which learners interact with other learners and native speakers.(2) Oxfords two-

41、part-approachOxford (1990:9-11) considers the aim of language learning strategies as being oriented towards the development of communicative competence. Oxford divides language learning strategies into two main types, direct and indirect, which are further subdivided into 6 groups.Direct strategies:

42、 They require mental processing of the language，including Memory strategies (to memorize words and expressions ad pronunciation as well.); Cognitive strategies (to enable learners to manipulate materials in direct ways, e.g. through reasoning, analysis, note-taking and so on.); Compensation strategi

43、es (to guess from the context, circumlocution, gestures and pause words to make up for missing knowledge.);Indirect strategies: They support and manage language learning without directly involving the target language，including Meta-cognitive strategies (to identify ones needs and preferences, planni

44、ng, monitoring mistakes, and evaluate task success. In a word, to manage the whole learning process); Affective strategies (to identify ones mood and anxiety level, talk about feeling, help learners to manage their emotions and motivation level); Social strategies ( to ask questions, ask for clarifi

45、cation, asking for help, talk with a native speaker, and explore culture and social norms, to learn via interaction with others.)In Oxfords system, meta-cognitive strategies help learners to regulate their learning. Affective strategies are concerned with the learners emotional requirements such as

46、confidence, while social strategies lead to increased interaction with the target language. Cognitive strategies are the mental strategies learners use to make sense of their learning, memory strategies are those used for storage of information, and compensation strategies help learners to overcome

47、knowledge gaps to continue the communication. (3) Cohens two-part-approachCohen (2000:13) divided the learning strategies into language learning strategies and language using strategies based on the presumption that language learning was a combination of receptive and productive process. The former

48、refers to the strategies while learning a language，the later refers to those while using a language. Language leaning strategies include identifying the material for learning，distinguishing it from other material，grouping it for easier learning，repeatedly engaging oneself in contact with the materia

49、l and remembering it with efforts. Language using strategies include retrieval strategies，rehearsal strategies，cover strategies and communicative strategies. (4) Wen Qiufangs two-part-approachWen Qiufang is the first scholar who conducts learning strategies research in China. Wen (2003: 16) draws a

50、complete system for language learning strategies. In this system, language learning strategies are divided into two categories: the beliefs about language learning and the learning strategies. The former concerns a learners viewpoint about how to learn a foreign language, and these beliefs decide th

51、e learning strategies one uses. The latter is subdivided into two groups: management skills and learning skills. Management skills are usually related to the language materials, including making study plans, evaluating ones process, measuring and modulating ones affective state and so on; while lear

52、ning generally include how to acquire the abilities in listening, speaking, reading and writing, how to deal with new words, how to learn pronunciation and so on.It is clear that their attempts to classify language learning strategies reflect more or less the same categories of language learning str

53、ategies without any radical changes. Comparatively speaking, Oxfords classification is more comprehensive and detailed. His strategy system is a new system of language learning strategies. It is more systematic in linking individual strategies, as well as strategy groups. And it uses less technical

54、terminology.1.3 Importance of Language Learning StrategiesThe Curriculum Standard in many foreign middle schools asks for students ability in learning strategies. The Curriculum Standard in our country also puts emphasis on “process and skill” and “knowledge and ability”.Learning to use strategies c

55、an help learners effectively master the knowledge learnt in the classroom activities, form available skills and develop noble personal characters. Therefore, learners can feel it easier to study than before. With learning pressure reduced, learning becomes a process of positive, initiative, highly effective activities.Learning to use learning strategies is also good for students to raise the ability of innovatio