春季15-八年级英语培优版-阅读B篇专题-教师版

1、教师姓名学生姓名上课时间英语课题名称阅读B篇专题解题过是群题步骤阅读B篇解题要点高城词汇总结考纲词汇梳理识梳理阅读B篇专题首句必重点读例子之间关系最佳适用原则一场景匹配原则-平行并列原则第13页I .解题过程1 .通读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。2 .瞻前顾后，分析先行。 在理解全文意思的基础上，结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。必 须弄清空缺词句的确切含义，空缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须自然、合理，不可出现意义断层或说 东道西的情况，必须从空缺句的内部结构入手，从语法、词语固定搭配、词形变化等角度考虑，务必使 所填的单词准确无误。如实词多与文章的内容直接相关,

2、3 .反复推敲，攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。虚词多与文章的连贯性或句子结构直接相关，如果从内容上实在看不出要填哪个单词的话，应考虑是否需要填介词、连词等。4 .验证答案，修正错误。着重注意这几点：（1）文章是否顺畅；（2）所填单词是否是最佳单词；（3）所填单词是否有拼写错误。U .解题步骤1 .做题前先花30-45秒预览文章，大致了解文章的体裁（记叙、议论或者）、文章内容、几个段落、是否有小标题和项目符号 （这个往往是该段的主题句 ）。2 .做题时，首句和小标题重点读，充分体会文章论证结构，灵活使用技巧（例子与例子的关系，例子与中心句的关系，平行关系等 ），注意逻辑对应，指

3、代清晰。特别注意：绝对避免见空填空，（即看到一个空格，直接看选项进行选择），这样很危险，失误率会大大增加。再次强调，完形填空强调单词、短语在语境（句子层面，段落层面，篇章层面 ）的应用。请填第一格词，务必读到第二格，很多时候两格之间出题者往往给了很多暗示和线索。依次类推，填第二格请务 必读到第三格。如第一格在第二段，也认真读完第一段，不可跳过，因为前文可能在给全文或者该段足 够的背景叙述。同理，如最后一格后还有句子或者段落，都要读完。3 .完成题后，请重读该文 1-2遍，确保单词在该句语法，语义，语境都合适。U .解题要点1 .首句必重点读首句很多情况是 Topic sentence （主题句

4、），告诉你文章的背景和主旨。首句一般不设空，如果首句设空， 请重点读后面的例子，例子里面会提供线索。现在很多考题都是用后面的例子印证首句。These days, it is for children as young as Sammy to be so good at computers. Many Children use computers at home or at school and some schools even have their own websites.A. hard B. unusual C. common D. dangerous分析：如果学生分析这四个词用法，那就

5、和这道考题背道而驰了，首句设空，我们重点读后面的那句话很多孩子在家里，学校使用电脑，甚至一些学校有他们自己的网站”，说明对电脑的使用是持肯定意见的，选项C为正确答案，A、B、D都为否定意见，故不选。2 .例子之间关系例子联合起来都是去证明本文中心的，但例子与例子有时候会有正反对比或者是平行关系。In most menageries, animals were kept in small dirty cages. However, in modern zoos, animals are kept in habitats（栖息地）that look like 81 areas.81. A. nat

6、ive B. narrow C. natural D. national分析：重点看however,前后有对比的关系，大部分野生动物被关在肮脏的小笼子里，而在现代动物园中，动物被饲养在一个看上去像自然栖息地的环境中，因此选Co3.最佳适用原则举个例子，如果这样出题。这位男士很 ,每次和女生一起出去逛街的时候都会为女生拉开商场大门，直到身边所有的女生都通过。假设选项如下 A good B nice C gentle D handsome你会如何选7f艮多学生会选good,觉得good是万能词，但这里错了，完形填空一定要基于语境，选择一个最适合，最具体，不是最宽泛的t语。因而 C gentle很绅

7、士是最佳答案。People who 85 animal rights don' t like the display of animals in zoos. But other people feel that zoos care forand protect the animals. They feel that this is why many exotic species are still alive today.85. A. play a trick on B. get tired of C. pay attention to D. go on with4 .场景匹配原则Sa

8、mmy Liu, a six-year-old boy from Kowloon, has become a hero recently. One day he used the family ' s to stop a robbery.A. radio B. computer C. recorder D. telephone分析：后文都在说关于电脑使用，这里选择A C D显然不合适，文章里根本就没有提到收音机，录音机和电话，虽然电话也能用来报警，但是一定要基于原文的场景。5 .平行并列原则完形填空文章很多时候是围绕一个话题展开，每个段落有的时候发展模式都是差不多的，前面提到如果首句设

9、空，除了关注到后面的例子，还不妨可以关注下一段首句或者再下下段首句。类似的如果某段末 句设空不妨也可以关注一下下面一段的末句。例如有一篇文章是讨论积极态度给生活、工作、健康带来的好处，其中第二段末句这么写：with an active, you can overcome all the difficulties.需要我们填空。在第三段末句出现了with an active attitude , you can be healthy.如果学生在阅读的时候关注到这句，使用了 平行原则”，自然就能填出attitude .田.中考完形填空常用词汇总结1. With the help of 在帮助下 u

10、nder the leadership / care of 在领导/关心下2. be strict with sb.又.人要求严格 be strict in sth.又.事要求严格3. at present=at the present time 目前 for the present 暂时4. in the sun/sunshine 在阳光下 under the sun 在世界上5. lie in位于之内lie on同接壤lie to位于之外6. at least 至少 in the least 丝毫，一点7. by name 名叫 in the name of 以名义8. in the ai

11、r空中，在流传 on the air播出9. in the way 挡路，障碍，用方法in a way在某点上，在某种程度上 get one ' s own way to <do心所欲 giveway 让步， 屈服 lose one ' s vwOy by the way 顺便说下 on one ' s way to 去的路上 Come thisway这边走10. at the corner在拐角处（外角）in the corner在角落里（内角）on the corner 在角落上（外角上）11. judge by / from 根据 来判断 judge for

12、 oneself 由某人自己来判断12. at the end （of）在结束时 at the beginning of在 开始时 at the back of在背后，支持 at the age of岁时atthe foot of 在 脚下 at the bottom of 在底部 at the top of 在顶上 at/on the edge of在边上13. in the course of 在过程中 in the eyes of 从观点看来，在 眼里 in the face of面对，尽管，纵使 in the middle of 在中间in the end =at last=final

13、ly 最后14. on the eve of 在前夕 on the side of 在一边15. after a time = after some time 过段时间后 for a time = for some time 时，有段时间16. behind time 迟至L 过期 behind the times落在时代后面17. at no time 决不 in no time 立即，马上18. at one time = once time 曾经 at a time = each time 每次 at times = sometimes 有时 at all times 经常， 一直，始终

14、 at the same time同时 at the time在的时候 by the time到的时候19. for a moment 会儿 for the moment 暂时 at the moment 当时the moment /minute /instance 正当 杀U那20. once or twice 一两次 more than once 不止一次 once more 重新，又 once upon a time 从前once in a while 偶尔IV.考纲词汇梳理1. At the weekends, especially when it is sunny and warm,

15、 many people can be seen swimming on the surface of the sea; in addition , many families relax themselves at the beach and take a sun bath. 周 末，特别是晴朗温和的天气，能看到一些人在海上游泳，此外，一些家庭在海岸上放松自己，晒日光浴。【拓展1】at the weekends= on the weekends 在周末at the weekend 在个特定的周末【拓展2】especially adv.尤其 特别的、重点的东西I love flowers, e

16、specially roses.specially adv.特别 特地的、专门的事物I bought apples specially for you.【拓展3】see sb. do sth.被动： sb. be seen to do sth.see sb doing sth.被动： sb. be seen doing sth.【拓展4】in addition (to) 除.之外，还有 ,近义词：besides区分 except/ expect for【拓展5】relax v.放松relaxed adj.放松的relaxation n.放松2. The bund that has alread

17、y been rebuilt is open to the public again and plenty of tourists stand at the sightseeing platform and enjoyed the opposite Oriental Pearl Tower. 夕卜滩已经重建好了， 重新向公众 开放，许多游客在观景台上，欣赏对面的东方明珠塔。【拓展1】open v.打开 adj.开着的keep/ leave the door open 使门开着The shop is open from 8 a.m to 10 pm.be open to sb.对某人开放【拓展2

18、】stand out 突出，显眼stand for 代表；象征stand in 代替【拓展3】outstanding adj.显眼的 stand by支持；袖手旁观 stand on基于/取决于opposite adj./ prep.对面的， 对立 against prep.反对，违背3. After a horrible flood attacked this poor village, these homeless people went hungry and thirsty and needed medical help, and some of them even robbed the

19、 supermarkets of the daily goods. The army used the ferries to move them to the near kindergarten and the church.场可怕的洪水袭击了这个穷山庄后，这些无家可归的孩子们又饥又渴，需要医疗帮助。一些人抢劫了超市的日用品。军队用渡船将他们运送到附近的幼儿园和教堂。【拓展1】attack v./ n.攻击attract v.吸弓 I【拓展2】go hungry中go是系动词，后接 adj.表示变化的系动词：3G+BT : go/ grow/ get/ become/ turn【拓展3】rob

20、 v.抢劫robber n.强盗robbery n.抢劫案rob sb. of sth.抢某人的东西steal v.偷thief n.贼（复数：thieves）theft n.偷窃案steal sth. from sb.偷某人的东西【拓展4】ferry n.轮渡 by ferry 乘船4. Although the president of every nation sticks to the fact that human beings love peace, hate wars and fear death, every country still pay a large amount o

21、f money for armies and weapons. 尽管每个国家 的总统都坚持人们热爱和平、憎恶战争，害怕死亡这一事实，但是每个国家仍旧话很多钱在军队和 武器上。【拓展1】stick v.坚持n.木棍stick to 坚持stick to sth./ doing sth.坚持（做）某事【拓展2】sb. pay money for sth. 某人为 付钱 pay off 偿还，还清It would take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan.他得用余生来还清那笔贷款。【拓展3】peace n.和平peaceful adj.和平

22、的live a peaceful life分三、课堂练习B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）（错误率：掌握情况：）（一）The dictionary defines a scrapbook as “anempty book for collecting and preserving photographs, newspaper articles, and other papers." Today, scrapbooking isandsa o）vpubar new 1 we talked

23、layoutand me.cropWe allwith Diane Lucas of S Q: What is scrapbooking?When I make a scrapbook page, I take a few of my family photos and put them into a-a page thatuses fancy paper, stickers, drawings, and words to show the theme （ 主题）.For example, this page about my son is called “ First DSycbool. &

24、quot; Here ' s a pofchim and one of his drawings, and I decorated it with ribbons, stickers and so on. When you make a scrapbook, you put words and pictures together to show the important times in your life. It' s like a _2_.Q: How did you get started?I made my first scrapbook ten years ago,

25、 when my father died. When I looked through his desk. I found the most wonderful things - like the cards my parents sent each other, and photos from his Army days. Those were such precious memories. I couldn' t _3 anything, so I made two scrapbooks, for my brotherQ: Do you know other people who

26、made scrapbooks?Oh, yes! We call ourselves“ scrappers, “ and we love to get together. We often havewhere we all _4 our scrapbooks. We bring our scissors and papers and our boxes of photos, and we talkwhile working on new pages. It' s time for enjowmennfriends show pictures and tell stories about

27、 ourfamilies, and our lives. _5, we create a book to keep those memories.Q: _6I think people want to keep their family stories, and display them to other people. When you make a scrapbook, you can pass the stories to your children, and your grandchildren. So many people today want to do that! If you

28、 go online, you' ll find scrapbooking website from Norway, New Zealand, and South Africa.have boxes of pictures, and we all want to keep those precious memories. That ' the real value of scrapbooking: sharing your family and your story.1. A. jobB.hobbyC. sportD. course2. A. personal historyB

29、. modern textbookC. picture collectionD. family advertisement3. A. think ofB. throw awayC. find outD. pick out4. A. makeB. lendC. exchangeD. sell5. A. For exampleB. In returnC. In factD. At the same time6. A. Where can you learn scrapbooking?B. Who has set up scrapbooking websites?C. Why is scrapboo

30、king so popular these days?D. How can you get things for scrapbooking?（二）Traffic rules around the worldTraffic rules are made to keep order on the road. Some traffic rules in some countries are quite 75. Travelers should _76 these rules if they are planning to explore these countries by car.Some int

31、eresting traffic rules are related to_77. One strange traffic law in Massachusetts, U.S.A（ 美 国马萨诸塞州 ）says that gorillas are allowed to travel in a car. However, they can only ride in the passenger seat. Drivers will 78_ a fine if they allow a gorilla（ 大猩猩）to ride in the backseat.Many people like to

32、take dogs in their cars. In Italy, drivers who take their dogs on a road trip are required to fasten their dog ' s seat belt. In Germany, dogs and other pets are consideredcOrgo（ 79 there isno safety belt rule, pets must be protected against slipping and falling in the vehicle.Speeding is usuall

33、y judged by a speed camera. However, in speed zones of 30km/h or less, traffic police in Austria can use their own judgment to estimate the speed of a car. Depending on the policeman 'guess, sometimes drivers may receive a speeding ticket even though they travelling _80 the speed limit.75. A. un

34、knownB. commonC. popularD. Unusual76. A. be used toB. be connected toC. be aware ofD. be ready for77. A. peopleB. animalsC. plantsD. Environment78. A. faceB. takeC. offerD. Afford79. A. SinceB. WhileC. AfterD. Before80. A. aboveB. overC. inD. UnderHave you ever had a day when everything seemed to go

35、 wrong, and nothing seemed to go right? Not too long ago I was having one of those days. I was sad and_1_. My focus was on me. After all, no one else was experiencing the same problems as I was.I expressed my sad state to my mother, hoping for some pity. _2_, she said,“I heard Jamiedifficult day too

36、. Why don' t you make her some cookies and take them to her this afternoon?"I didn ' t really want to, but _3_ that I didn' t want to go back to my other problems just yet. I made tcookies and arranged them on a little plate. Then I made a card with a sunflower on it and wrote a sma

37、ll and sweet note.That afternoon I visited by my friend' s house. I went to the door and rang the bell. Soon, Jamie came tothe door and looked at me _4 for the unexpected visit. Before she could say anything I rushed,you were having a hard day and decided to bring you something. I hope your day

38、goes better. I "couldn ' t describe the look that came over Jamie' s _5_ waopaslfl 好像）a darkened sky suddenly shonewith the golden rays （光线） of the sun; it was as if in that small act, her day became _6_.I got back into the car and for some amazing reason, I felt a lot better myself. Th

39、at day I experienced the truth that “ Those who bring sunshine to the lives of others cannot keep it from themselves.1. A. storyB.upsetC. lazyD. nervous2. A. EvenB. StillC. RatherD. Instead3. A. decidedB. warnedC. suggestedD. proved4. A. in a hurryB. with pleasureC. in surpriseD. with care5. A. mind

40、B. shoulderC. faceD. head6. A. cleanB. brightC. goldD. blue四、课后作业1 .复习B篇的做题思路。2 .课后阅读专项训练。3 .复习本节课所学的重点笔记内容。掌握情况:I . Reading comprehension （阅读理解）（错误率:A. Choose the best answer （根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）A mother in Australia was told by a doctor that her new born son was"dead" , butshe helped briiba

41、ck to life by holding the baby against her body. She used a method known as袋鼠护理检ang_ _ _ _ _ _ ” aroo careThe child, named Jamie, was born after only 27 weeks with his twin sister, Emily, at a hospital in Sydney. Her birth went well, but his was a different story. The doctor struggled for 20 minutes

42、 to save Jamie beforedeclaring （宣布）him dead.“His little arms and legs were just falling down away from his body,and put him on my chest with his head over my arm.Kate Ogg said,She and her husband, David, spoke to the“I tochild as shecontinued to hold him for nearly two hours. During that time, the t

43、wo -pound baby showed signs of life. Shesaid, “I told my mom, who was there, that he was still alive. Then he held out his hand and grabbed （抓住）myfinger." Their tiny baby grew stronger and stronger in his mother's arms, and their finalgoodbye turnhello.The doctor at first ignored（ 忽视）the ba

44、by ' s movements, but when he put the stethoscope（器）to itschest, his mouth was wide open and he said,"it ' s my fa血迹t）. “' s a miracle（"The " kangaroo care " helps the baby keep body warmth,“ Dr Pinchi Srinivasan said,调“ixIt aalso use节）heartbeat and breathing rates an

45、d is believed to help weight gain and improve sleeping habits. Fathers can“kangaroo care ” . The key to the methodois skinn contact.The practice began in less developed nations. It has become a recognized practice in helping premature（早产）babies. The techniques（技术）is good for babies, and is used in m

46、any baby care centres.1. Jamie and Emily are.A. twin sistersB. twin brothersC. twinD. twins2. After hearing what the doctor said, the mother.来源：学科 §R Z§X§ X § KA. chose to believe the doctorB. didn ' t give up and tried to bring her baby to lifeC. became so sad that she almos

47、t became madD. became angry at what the doctor did to the baby3. When the baby first showed sigh of life, the doctor.A. didn ' t believe a miracle had happenedB. was too shocked to do anythingC. was cheered and tried to save the baby at onceD. was moved by what the mother did to the baby4. From

48、what Dr Pinchi Srinivasan said, we learn the baby came back to life mainly because ofA. the mother ' s soft wordsB. the doctor ' s careful careC. the father ' s " kangaroo care " D. skin -to -skin contact with the mother5. According to the passage, premature babies refer to bab

49、ies that are born.A. with diseases B. before their time C. deadD. heavy6. What ' s the main idea of the passage?A. A baby was almost killed by a doctor' s wrong decisionB. A doctor in Australia announced a baby was dead by mistake.C.A mom in Australia saved her baby with“ kangaroo care ”D. A

50、 mom in Australia invented a new method of saving babies.E. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage （ 选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）：death beforeHe didn iy more.herGrandma was the only mother Thomas had ever known. She appeared to be a loving lady but often angered easily. When Thomas one day dis

51、covered that other children had someone they called Mum and asked why he must call her grandma instead of Mum. She told him gently about his mother' sthree months old. There was not the same reaction（ 反应）when he asked why he had 1 to call Dad. Then his grandmother glared at （瞪着）Him and got angri

52、er than he had 2 seen and the sharp reply was," He was a bad man.want your mother, and he didn' t want you when you were born. Thomas never asked about his father arShortly after his fifth birthday and two days before Christmas Day, Thomas was woken up by his grandma ' s calling to him

53、from her bedroom. Running into the old lady' s room, he foifnidbreathlessness, and between gasps 蝴气）,trying to tell him to fetch the next -door neighbour. As soon as the neighbour arrived, she sent Thomas to call another neighbour. Next Thomas was told he must stay downstairs, so he sat in the k

54、itchen, trying to give all his 4 to his toys. He was there to see the doctors arrive, and to see him leave a few minutes later. This eased（ 减轻）Thomas worry. A doctor would stay a long time with someone who was seriously ill. The fact that the doctor left so5 after his arrival meant that.Grandma was

55、going to be all right again. He expected to be told he could go upstairs and see her. But the first neighbour came down and explained that Grandma was 6 and the doctor had said that she couldn' tbe disturbed （打扰）.Shortly afterwards the second neighbour came down, helped Thomas put his toys in a

56、box,and then took him to have lunch with her and her two children.1.A. noneB. someoneC. no oneD.anyone2.A. neverB. notC. hardlyD.ever3.A. keeping *1*B. fightingC. appearingD.starting4.A. noteB. attentionC. interestD.attraction5.A. quicklyB. fastC. hurriedlyD.soon6.A. lying in the bedB. laying in bed

57、C. sleepingD.goneF. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words （在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）There are different ways of telling a story. It can be told in words, in pictures, in music, and acted o 1 , or it can be told by still another way - by dancing. Dancing that tells a story is called a ballet （芭蕾舞）. The dancing in a ballet is done to music, but the story is told by the movements of the dancers. The