2020年高考英语倒装句总复习及详细解析

1、第1页共18页高考英语倒装句总复习一、考点分析：倒装句概念：将某些句子成分移至句首而引起主语和谓语词序的颠倒，称为倒装（Inversion）。e.g. Here comes the bus.（完全倒装）Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。（部分倒装）专题精讲:倒装句的作用 ：可以平衡句子结构，丰富句式，强调部分内容等。倒装句概述表示方向或位置的副词位于句苜全邰倒装表示方向或位置的介词短语位于句首表示时间或频率的副词位于旬首倒装句表否定意义的词位于句旨 心N+状谙位于句首部分倒装!i«n

2、dttcrnoT表不"也"位于句首5M/hat中位于句首 心引导让步状语从句 虚撅谓气中的倒装倒装句知识清单罗列重点完全倒装和部分倒装的种类和用法。难点完全倒装和部分倒装考点的区分，虚拟语气中的倒装（高考不考查）。易错点as位于句首引导让步状语从句。高频考点否定词位于句 首的倒装 ，only加状语位于句 首的倒装， sosuch位于句 首的倒装。知识点一：全部倒装（有时表地方）全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一 般过去时。1 .（有）there引导的存在句属于完全倒装，常见动词包括：be, come, lie, happen, a

3、ppear,seemThere is a book on the deskThere comes the bus.公交来了2 .（时）表示时间的副词now, then放在句首，句子白谓语动词是 come,主语是名词（不能是代词）。Now comes your turn.Then came a new difficulty.3 .（表）分词短语放在句首，做表语，谓语动词是be,主语是名词。Lying on the floor was a boy aged 17.Seated on the ground are a group of young people.4 .（地）介词短语放在句首作状语，句

4、子的谓语动词不是及物动词（如 lie, stand, sit, exist, stretch, come）或系动词 be,主语是名词。In the doorway stood a man with a gun.5 .（方）表示方位 的副词（如 up, down, in ,away, round, here, there ）放在句首，句子的谓语动词是表示动作的不及物动词（如go, come, run, rush, fly ） ,主语是名词。In came a girl she had not seen before.Up went the arrow into the air.Following

5、 the roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes.Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.Round and round flew the plane.完全倒装句难点及易错点总结（ 1）主语如果是人称代词，则句子不用倒装，主语仍置于动词之前。（ 2）在全部倒装中谓语动词通常用一般现在时或一般过去时，不能用进行时、将来时或 完成时。（ 3）全部倒装可用于定语从句中He suddenly found himself standing at the foot of a hill, on top o

6、f which stood an old temple.知识点二：部分倒装（不只让步也常需如此祝福）部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。1 .（不）a 句首为否定或半否定的词，如 no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way 等。Never have I seen such a terrible movie.Nowhere will you find the answer to this questio

7、n.b. 句首为表示 “决不” 的短语，如 at no tome, in no way, under no circumstance, by no means.c.Not until （句首）+时间状语/状语从句，主句要用部分倒装；Not until不在句首不用倒装Not until I came home last night did my mom go to bed.课堂练习：1直到那时他才意识到，他的老师是非常善解人意的。(Not/Not until/only )Not until then did he realize that his teacher was very conside

8、rate / thoughtful / understanding.2 .直到来到伦敦后，这个年轻人才知道它是一座怎样的城市。(Not until )Not until the young man came to London did he know what kind of city it was.3 .进了这所寄宿制学校(boarding school)后我才意识到自己以前是多么依赖父母。(Not until )Not until I entered this boarding school did I realize how much I had depended/relied on m

9、y parents before.4 .直到第四代苹果手机(iPhone 4)的出现，人们才意识到它已经给手机领域带来了巨大的变化。 (Not until)崇明一模Not until iPhone4 appeared, did people realize that it had brought great changes to the field of mobile phones.d. "Not only'呦动词+主语+谓语十其他+but also+(省略的)并列句”表示 不但而且.，”用于说明前后并列句的情况一致，在语气上更强调后者.Not only did he ref

10、use the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.课堂练习：1 .智能手机(smartphone)不仅让你了解世界上发生的事情，而且可以让你随时随地上网购物。(not only)Not only do smartphones inform you of what is happening in the world, but also they enable you to do online shopping anytime and anywhere.2 .运动能增强我的体质，也能让我释放学习压力。(Not only )Not only c

11、an sports strengthen my body, it can also relieve studying pressure/ stress.3 .在现代社会中，手机不仅是通讯工具，也是一种娱乐工具。（Not only）Not only are mobile phones a means of communication in modern society but also a means of entertainment.e.几个固定的部分倒装句表示就”时，用以下句型：1） No sooner+had+主语+过去分词+than十从句2） Hardly+had+主语+过去分词+whe

12、n+从句3） Scarcely+had+主语+过去分词+when+从句2.（只）only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.课堂练习：1 .只有相关各方更多地关注青少年，他们才能形成正确的价值观。（ Only）Only if parties concerned pay more attention to younger generation will teenagers form proper values.2 .只有当你理解领会了这种知识，才能记住它。（Only

13、 ）Only when you understand this knowledge can you remember it.3 .任何人仅凭背单词是不可能考出好成绩的，更不用说具有和老外交流的能力了。（Only）（Only by reciting words is it impossible for anyone to get a good grade in the exam, not to mention the ability to communicate with foreigners.注意：（1）如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。Only when he is seriou

14、sly ill does he ever stay in bed.（2） only 后接主语，不用倒装。Only you can help us out.第5页共18页3.（让步）as, though引导的倒装句as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分）。Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.注意：（1）句首名词不能带任何冠词。（2）句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。（3）课堂练习:1 .虽然大多数孩

15、子喜欢吃快餐，但科学研究显示汉堡和匹萨缺乏身体健康和成长所必须的矿物质及维生素.(Although)Although most children enjoy eating fast food , scientific research have shown that burgers and pizzas can lack minerals and vitamins for health and growth.2 .在线预订出租车虽然很时尚，但许多相关问题尚待解决。（as）Fashionable as booking a taxi online is, many related problems

16、 remain to be settled/ solved.4 .（也）so, neither, nor位于句首时作部分倒装，表示"也" 、"也不”的句子要部分倒装。Tom can speak French. So can Jack.If you won't go, neither will I. 你不去，我也不去。注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构，意为"的 确如此”。Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.-It's raining hard.

17、-So it is.5 .（常）在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或频度副词 （短语）开头的句子中 要用部分倒装结构。Many a time has John given me good advice.6 .（ 虚） 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should 等词， 可将 if 省略， 把 were,had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。Were I you, I would try it again. 我是你的话，就再试一次。7 .（如此）（1） so that句型中的so位于句首时，需倒装。So

18、 frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.倒装句式So-1 .这份工作要求太高，没有几个人能胜任。（So）So demanding/ tough/ challenging/ is the job that few people are qualified for/ equal to it.2 .得知自己被那所梦寐以求的大学录取时，她是如此激动以至于彻夜未眠。（Sothat）So excited was she that she failed to fall asleep the whole night when she le

19、arned she had been admitted to the university she had been dreaming of for a long time.3 这位年轻的科学家如此专注于他的研究，每天很晚睡觉。（ So）So devoted is the young scientist to his research that he goes to bed very late every night.4 .一进学校，她就意外得知有一所名校录取她了。（No sooner）No sooner had she come into/ entered school than she u

20、nexpectedly knew/ learned that she wasadmitted into a key school/ a famous university.8.（祝福）某些表示祝福的句型May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。第 # 页 共 18 页【考查一】全部倒装例1.Among the crises that face humansthe lack of natural resources.A. isB. areC. is thereD. are there【考点】全部倒装及主谓一致【解析】Among the crises that face human

21、s 表语部分前置，句子的主语为the lack of naturalresources,因此谓语动词用单属性是is。【答案】A 例2.- -Here! Why is John still chatting with the girl over there?- -There.A. comes the bus, is heB. comes the bus, he isC. the bus comes, is heD. the bus comes, he is【考点】表示方位的副词位于句首【解析】 正常语序是The bus comes here, here表示方位位于句首时句子全部倒装，但当主语是代

22、词时句子不倒装。【考查二】表示否定意义的词位于句首- -How was the television debate last night?- -Super! Barely so much media attention.A. a debate attractedB. a debate did attractC. did a debate attractD. attracted a debate【考点】否定词位于句首的倒装【解析】Barely意思为很少，表否定意义，句子用部分倒装。类似的词还有hardly, rarely等。【答案】C例4.No sooner than the wedding c

23、eremony was announced to begin.A. had the limousine arrivedB. did the limousine arriveC. had the limousine arriveD. arrived the limousine【考点】否定词位于句首的倒装和时态的考查【解析】No soonerthan的结构中，no sooner位于句首，句子要部分倒装，而且no sooner引导的主句用过去完成时态，从句是一般过去时。例5.到二十世纪末中国运动员才以他们在奥运会上的杰出表现让世人惊叹。(Not until )【考点】not until位于句首的倒装

24、【解析】本句考查，not until位于句首的倒装句，易错点为：主从句的确定。而且主句倒装 从句不倒装。【答案】 Not until the end of the twentieth century did Chinese athletes' excellent performance inthe Olympic Games amaze the whole world.【考查三】only+状语位于句首例6.It was announced that only when the terrible disease was under control to return to their h

25、omes.A. the residents would decideB. would the residents decideC. would the residents be decidedD. the residents would be decided【考点】only加状语位于句首的倒装【解析】only后面跟时间状语从句 when the terrible disease was under control ,主句用部分倒装。【答案】B例7.Only when possible to settle the problem among the boy students.A. does th

26、e class teacher come will it beB. the class teacher comes will it beC. has the class teacher come it will beD. the class teacher comes it will be【考点】only加状语位于句首的倒装【解析】 only后面跟时间状语从句 when the class teacher comes,主句用部分倒装。【答案】B【考查四】sosuch位于句首例8.So little the plan that they could not settle their differ

27、ence.A. they agreed onB. do they agree onC. did they agree onD. they did not agree on【考点】sosuch that句型中so加形容词或副词位于句首的倒装【解析】so that句型中，so加形容词或副词位于句首，主句用部分倒装。【答案】C例9.这工作要求太高，没有几个人能胜任。（So）【考点】sosuch that句型中so加形容词或副词位于句首的倒装【解析】so that句型中，so加形容词或副词位于句首，主句用部分倒装，另外“胜任”翻译为 be qualified for 。【答案】 So demandin

28、g/ tough/ challenging/ is the job that few people are qualified for it.【考查五】so neithernor 表示"也”位于句首例10.-Do you know Tom bought a new car?-I don't know,.A. nor don't I careB. nor do I careC. I don't care neitherD. I don't care also【考点】nor位于句首的倒装【解析】 由so, neither, nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况

29、的重复出现。其中，so用于肯定句而neither, nor用在否定句中。【答案】B【考查六】as引导让步状语从句例11.,he seems to know everything in the city.A. Young although the boy isB. A boy though he isC. Boy as he isD. Young as is the boy【考点】as引导让步状语从句【解析】as引导让步状语从句，表示转折翻译为尽管，用到装结构状语或者表语提到主语 前面，在此结构中句首的冠词省略。【答案】C专项练习1.Only when you have obtained suf

30、ficient data come to a sound conclusion.A. can you B. you can C . would youD. you would2.that this region was so rich in natural resources.A. Little he knewB. Little did he knowC. Little he did knowD. Little he had known3.Never again political office after his 1928 defeat for the presidency.A. Alfre

31、d E. Smith seriously soughtB. seriously Alfred E. Smith soughtC. when did Alfred E. Smith seriously seekD. did Alfred E. Smith seriously seek4.Only in recent years begun to realize that wild dogs, kept within bounds, often do moregood than harm.A. people haveB. since people haveC. have peopleD. peop

32、le who have第13页共18页5. received law degrees as today.A. Never so women have B. The women aren t everC. Women who have never D. Never have so many women6. do we go for picnics.A. Certainly B. Sometimes C. SeldomD Once7. is it only the ignorant and ill-educated person who has such faith in the bottle o

33、fmedicine.A. EitherB. OftenC. NorD. Usually8. Her answer is not acceptable, and .A. neither am I B. either is mine C. neither is mine D. mine is neither9. A sneeze cannot be performed voluntarily, be easily suppressed.A. nor it can B. nor can it C. it cannotD. and cannot it10. notebook and report th

34、at I promised you last week.A. Here is theB. Here are theC. Is here theD. Are here the11. can you expect to get a pay rise.A. With hard workB.Although work hardC.Only with hard workD. Now that he works hard12.1 failed in the final examination last term and only then the importance of studies.A. I re

35、alizedB. I had realizedC. had I realizedD. did I realize13. I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible. .A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. same with me D. So do I14. snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnicin the forest.第 15 页 共 1

36、8 页A.Not only they broughtB. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought they D.Not only they did bring15 about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.A.So curious the couple was B. So curious were the coupleC. How curious the couple were D. The couple was suc

37、h curious16 . 一 David has made great progress recently. ,and.A.So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have youC. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have17.Maybe you have been to many countries,but nowhere else such a beautiful palace.A.can you findB.you could findC.you can findD.could you

38、find18.1, Carolina couldn't get the door open.A. Try as she mightB. As she might tryC. She might as tryD. Might she as try19.Never before in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.A. has this city beenB. this city has beenC. was this cityD. this city was20.1, he talks a lot abo

39、ut his favorite singers after class.A. A quiet student as he may beB. Quiet student ashe maybeC. Be a quiet student as he mayD. Quiet as he maybe a studentKeys: 1-5 ABDCD 6-10 CCCBB11-15 CDBBB16-20BAAAB强化练习一）选择：1. Only in this say the bad habit- smoking.A. can you get rid ofB.you canget rid ofC. you

40、 ll get away withD. can getrid of2. listening to light music, but she could even write some.A. Not she only enjoyedB. Not onlyshe enjoyedC. Not only did she enjoyD. Not shedid only enjoy3. They thought that somewhere in the desertan ancient city.A. beingB. layC. was there D. lay there4. my wife with

41、 a wallet in her hands just when I was about to quarrel with a workmateabout it.A. There enter B. There entered C. Entered there D. There entered into5. In the middle of the square a stone with the picture of a hero at the top of it.A. standsB. liesC. is standing D. is there6. his father came out of

42、 prison _ Dickens have chance to go to school.A. Not before; hadB. Only before; would haveC. It was until; hadD. Not until; did7. When they hatch （孵化 ）,the little white worms.A. come out B. out come C. out comes D. have come out8. to the top of the hill when it began to rain.A. Hardly had I got B. I

43、 had got hardly C. Hard had I got D. Hardly I got9. No soonerthe thief stolen out of the store_ he was caught by the collar.A. did; when B. had; then C. had; suddenly D. had; than10. There, on the shore, , in which they had come to the island.A. two canoes wereB. two canoes areC. were two canoesD. was two canoes18. Only by