高考专题之状语从句专讲

1、高考专题之状语从句专讲、状语从句（一）状语从句重、难点1、掌握各种从属连词的含义及用法比较；2、掌握no matter wh-与 wh-ever弓I导的从句的区别；3、掌握状语从句的时态问题；4、掌握状语从句倒装及紧缩问题；5、掌握状语从句与其它从句的区别。（二）定义及特点在复合句中，担任状语成分的从句，称为状语从句。根据它的意思，可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、 条件、方式、比较、让步状语从句。状语从句由从属连词引导，其位置可放在句首或句末。放在句首时，常用逗号与主句分开；放在句末时，从 句前面往往不用逗号。状语从句有九种，时地原因条状补，目比结果方让步，连词引导各不同；主句通常前面走，

2、连词引导紧随后, 从句若在主前头，主从之间有个逗。（三）九种常用分类及常用的从属连词和词组1 时间状语从句 ：when, while, as, before, after, as soon as, till, until, notuntil, since, whenever,first/second /last time, the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardly scarcely when, no sooner thanStrike while the iron is hot.

3、趁热打铁。Great changes have taken place in Beijing since it was liberated.Be a pupil before you become a teacher.I ' ll teyou as soon as I know.2地点状语从句 ：where, whereverJust stay where you are.3 原因状语从句 :because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that As the weather was fine, I opened all

4、the windows.4 条件状语从句 ：if, unless, now （that）, as（so） long as, in case, on condition that, suppose/supposing, provided/providingWe should serve the people as long as we live.5 让步状语从句 :although, though, even though/if, as, while, no matter which/what/when/where/who/how, whichever, wherever, whatever,

5、whoever, whenever, however, whether须管还是）； （as 弓I导的让步状语从句，应将表语或状语放在句首）Young as he is, he knows a lot.尽管他很年轻，他知道的东西很多。6结果状语从句:so that, so that, such thatHe has made such great progress in English that I can-t help admiring him7 目的状语从句：that, so that, in order that, in case, for fear that, lest（免得）Come

6、round to the window so that I can see you.绕到窗子前面去，好让我看到你们。8 方式状语从句 :how, as, just as, as if/as though Do just_as_you_like.9 比较状语从句 ：than, as as, not so/as as, more than, less 比较than, thhe+比较级 They jumped up and down as hard as they could.他们使劲地上下跳。The longer the period, the higher the interest rate.存

7、期越长，禾U息越高。、各种从属连词的含义及用法比较1 .时间状语从句问题1:连接词when的用法小结(1) when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是可延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词，可用于主句 和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如：When the film ended, the people went back.When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.(2) 可用作并列连词，其意义为 那时，这时“，相当于and at this/that time 。常用于下列句式：Somebody was doin

8、g something/was about to do sth./was on the point of doing sth. when (刚要这时突然)(3) 还可以表示原因既然“，相当于since; considering that 。如：It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.问题2:连接词while的用法小结(4) while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。如：Please don ' t talk so loud whil

9、e others are working.(5) while作为并列连词，意为 而，却”，表示对比。(6) while可表示尽管，相当于 although 。连接词when, while, as的用法区别：(1) While指一段时间。表示主句和从句的动作同时发生，并持续一段时间。从句的谓语动词必须是可延 续的。When指一点时间或一段时间。表示主句和从句的动作同时发生，也常表示从句动作先于主句动作。引导的从句的谓语动词是可延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词。如：When/While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring

10、.When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.(不可用 while)When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.( 不可用 while)(2) as指一点时间，以可指一段时间。侧重于表示在从句动作发生过程中主句动作同时发生。当主句和从句的主语一致时，as还有 "边一边”的意思。As I was getting on the bus, someone called me.As he walked along, he sang happily.As the election appr

11、oached, the violence got worse.(表示 随着"，连词用 as,不用 when 或 while)(3)如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when, while 与as可互换使用。如：When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.问题3:小结：(1) 些词，如 the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instan

12、tly, hardlywhen,scarcely - when, no sooner than可引导一个时间状语从句，相当于 as soon as的意思。I didn ' t wait a moment, but came immediately yoalced.(2time 的名词短语， 如 every time, each time, next time, by the timethe day, the year,the morning等，也可引导一个时间状语从句。The day he returned home, his father was already dead.Next

13、time you come, please bring your composition.(3)如果hardly或no sooner或scarcely置于句首，句子必须用部分倒装结构。Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.(一般主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时)No sooner had she heard the news than she fainted.她一听至U这个消息，就晕倒了。问题4:小结：till, until 和 not until(1) until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态

14、一直持续到 until/till所表示的时间，意为某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如： We waited until he came.(2)用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为某动作直到某时间才开始如： He won' t go to bed till/until she returns.(3) till不可以置于句首，而 until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it.(4) not until句型中的强调和倒装说法：It was not until you told me that I had any id

15、ea of it.Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.问题5:连接词before的小结：(1) Before从句中谓语不用否定式。如：Before they reached the station, the train had gone.(2)常用句型：1)句型It be + 一段时间 + before肯定句还要过多久才”It will be two years before he leaves the country. 两年之后他将离开这个国家。2)句型It be not + 一段时间 + before肯定句不多久就 ”It was

16、n't two years before he left the country. 没到两年他就离开这个国家了。(3)比较记忆：before long不久以后long before 很久以前e.g.They came back before long.他们很快就回来了。I knew Tom long before I knew you.我在认识你之前很久就认识了汤姆。问题6:连接词since小结：(1) Since引导的时间状语从句通常用一般过去时，主句的动词一般用完成时态。I have learned more than two thousand English words sinc

17、e I began learning English.(2)常用句型：It is + 一段时间 + since引导的时间从句(从句用一般过去时)It is just a week since we arrived here.It is three years since she joined the army/since she was in the army.(含义不同，注意区分) How long is it since you came to London?注意以下两个句子的区别：It is 10 years since he was a teacher.他不当老已十年了。It is 1

18、0 years since he became a teacher.他当老市已十年了。2 .条件状语从句问题1:unless相当于if not,意思是 除非一”如果不就”。这也是高考的热点之一。复习时也应给予高度重视。问题2:as long as与as far as都可引导条件犬语从句,as long as表示 只要 "，as far as表示 就而论（而言）”。如： You can go where you like so long as you get back before dark.in case表示 以防“，as though等于as if,引导方式状语从句，表示 好像、似

19、乎“。3 .让步状语从句问题1:while是高考中的高频词，它既可引导时间状语从句，又可引导并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示尽管"。even if等于even though ,表示即使、尽管”。问题2：no matter wh- 与 wh-ever的联系及区别：no matter wh-只引导让步状语从句，此时与 wh-ever通用。如：No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party.wh-ever又可引导名词性从句，No matter wh-不能。如：Whatever I can

20、 do for you will be nothing but paying a debt.Whoever can help us will be welcome.问题 3: whether - or/ no matter whether or 表示 无论。还是。”No matter whether/Whether you go there by sea or by air, you will enjoy your trip.问题4： asRich as he is/Though he is rich, he is not happy.（做表语的形容词倒装 ）Fast as you read/

21、Though you read fast, you can' t finish the bo ok娴wo的ay容词倒装 ）Child as he is/Though he is a child, he knows something of electricity.（做表语的单数名词提前时，名词前不可以用不定冠词）Try as they may/Though they may try , they will never succeed.Lose money as I did, I got a lot of experience.（从句中行为动词提前，主语后面跟情态动词或助动词，若没有，则

22、加上相应的do,does,did.）三、状语从句的时态问题在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。在since引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。如：I will return the book after I have finished reading it.Tom said he would go to Beijing when he graduated from the university.四、状语从句的倒装问题状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：否定词开头； so加adj.开头；as /

23、though引导的让步状语从句。特别注意：Hardly when No sooner than Child as he is, Hardly had he got to the station when the train left.No sooner had he got to the station than the train left.Child as he is, he can speak seven foreign languages.-7 -1. I ' ll let you knowA. beforeB. becauseC.as soon asD2. She will

24、sing a songshe is asked.A. if 高.考.资.源.风B. unlessC.forD4. Read it aloudthe class can hear you.A. so thatB. if 高.考.资.源.风C.whenD6. It is about ten yearsI met you last.A. sinceB. forC.whenD8. still half drunk, he made his way home.A. WhenB. BecauseC. ThoughD9. she was very tired, she went on working.A.

25、AsB. AlthoughC.EvenD11. I learned a little RussianI was at middle school.A. thoughB. althoughC.as ifD12. we got to the station, the train had left already.A. IfB. UnlessC.SinceD13. the rain stops, we'll set off for the station.A. BeforeB. UnlessC.As soon asD14. She wastiredshe could not move an

26、inch.A. so, thatB. such, thatC.very, thatD15. We didn't go homewe finished the work.A. sinceB. untilC.becauseD16. I'll stay hereeveryone else comes back.A. even ifB. as thoughC.becauseD17. Although it's raining,are still working in the field.A. theyB. but theyC. and theyD18. Speak to him

27、 slowlyhe may understand you better.A. sinceB. so thatC.forD19. You'll miss the trainyou hurry up.A. unlessB. asC.ifD21. We'd better hurryit is getting dark.A. andB. butC.asD22. I didn't manage to do ityou had explained how.A. untilB. unlessC.whenD23. he comes, we won't be able to go

28、.A. WithoutB. UnlessC.Except高.考.资.源.风D24. I hurriedI wouldn't be late for class.A. sinceB. so thatC.as ifDhe comes back.25.I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.although since although as AsIn spite of when When Though so, as though until so they because until unless before Even unlessA. Every

29、timeB. ThoughC. EvenD. Where27. Bring it nearerI may see it better.A. althoughB. even thoughC. so that28. You may arrive in Beijing earlyyou mind taking the night train.D. sinceA. thatB. thoughC. unless29. Helen listened carefullyshe might discover exactly what she needed.D. ifA. in thatB. in order

30、thatC. in case30. More people will eat out in restaurantsthey do today.D.even thoughA. thanB. whenC. whileD. as答案：15 CADAC 610 ABCBA 1115 DDCAB 1620 DABAD 2125 CABBA1. We are watching TVwe caught sight of a friend of ours .2630 BCCBDA. as soon asB. whileC. whenD. once2. The price of diamond rings ha

31、s risen sharplythe price of gold rings has gone down.A. whenB. asC. while3. It is a long time since I last saw you . This sentence meansD. otherwiseA. I had seen you for a long timeB. I have seen you for a long timeC. I haven ' t seen you for a long timeD. I saw you again before long4. reason yo

32、u may give , you ought not to have left homework unfinished.A. WhatB. No matterC. However5. It seemed only several minuteshe finished this painting .D. WhateverA. afterB. beforeC. when6. I ' ll lend you my caryou return it intact.D. untilA. so far asB. as long asC. unless7. The secretary made a

33、note of itshe should forget.D. untilA. in order thatB. in caseC. So that8. No mattersays no to us , we will return to our motherland.D. ever whenA. whoeverB. whoC. what9. It wasthat they planned to have a picnic.D. whateverA. such fine weatherB. so fine a weatherC. such a fine weather as D.10. Smith

34、 has madethat we are all surprised .such a fine weatherA. such much progressB. so fine a progressC. such a great progress as11. We are going to have a barbecueit rains .D. so much progressA. if notB. whenC. except that12. He wouldn't give up smokinghis doctor told him it was a matter of life and

35、 death.D. unlessA. exceptB. afterC. until13. I sent the letter early that morningshe got it that afternoon.D. in caseA. in order thatB. so thatC. for purpose that14. did it , I didn't.D. in order forA. WhoB. WhoeverC. No matter whom15. I know , the computer can never take the place of the human

36、brain.D. No matter whenA. As forB. As long asC. So far for16. I paid only 5 pounds for the book ,I expected it would cost.D. So /As far asA. not as many asB. not so much asC. cheaper thanD.not so expensive6.27.you have got used to it, you' ll like it.A. WhileB. On the

37、 conditionC. OnceWd ll carry the work through , costit may .A. whatB. whenC. wherePersist to the end ,you are the only one left.A. even if/thoughB. butC. howeverHe always talkshe had been to outer space.A. likeB. as if/thoughC. because ofYou' d better come back earlierit is getting colder.A. asB

38、. andC. butHe was walking along the sandshe saw a big foot-print in the sand .A. whileB. whenD. ashe was sleeping , they stole his clothes. A. WhileB. WhenC. AsJack was very tiredhe played tennis all afternoon .A. ifB. as soon asC. becausehe finished his work , he left hurriedly. A. As soon asB. As

39、ifC. UnlessYou' ll surly make progress you work with a strong will.A. unlessB. untilC. as long as,I am sure that he is honest.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.Unless how in spite of as or after Which beforeIn order that as well as28.29.A. No matter people sayB. What people say C. Whatever people sayIt won &#

40、39; t be longyou regret what yove done.A. afterB. beforeC. sinceI'll leave him a notehe' ll know where we are.D. It doesn ' t matter people sayD. then6.A. so thatB. so asC. in orderIt is often said that an American starts a speech with a joke ,a JapaneseA. whichB. what

41、C. whileEat less foodyou want to put on weight.A. ifB. unlessC. untilGuilin is the most beautiful placepeople all over the world want to visit.A. whereB. whichC. whatDid you remember to give herthe book she asked for? I saw her,A. WhileB. SuddenlyC. RightI shall be surprised if he does this the same

42、 wayI do .A. asB. likeC. whichRobert is good at languages ,we all know .A. becauseB. forC. asIt looks. It' s going to rain.D. for has an apology to make.D. thatD. as soon asD. that I remembered.D. The momentD. whatD. since37.A. thatB. ashe is , he will be thinking ofyou .C. as ifD.that38.A. Wher

43、everB. Wherethe film may be , I have no time to see it. A. Although excitingB. No matter excitingC. WhetherC. Even if excitedD.D.WhatHowever exciting-8-39. She was looking for her bicycle keyshe thought she might have put it.A. whereverB. wheneverC. at whichD. no matter where40. One feels it hard to

44、 fit in with a new culturehe has been accustomed to his won culture.A. the moment答案：1.CCCDB IB. whichC. now thatD. as6.BBBBD 11.DCBBD 16.BCAAB21.ABACA 26.CCBAC31.BDDAC 36.CADAD1. It was2.3.4.A. sinceB. ashe said he wasn't hungry , he ate the big breakfast.A. EvenB. UnlessTiredA. ashe was , he de

45、cided not to trouble her.B. althoughyou go , you will be warmly welcomed .A. No matter whereB. No matter what5. Wd ll never give upthey may do or say .6.A. although thatNo matter how hard he worked,B. no matter howC.becauseD. thoughC.AsD. AlthoughC.unlessD. even ifC.WhicheverD. HoweverC.whateverD. h

46、oweverhe was ill that he didn't go to school.-10 -7.I ' ll start early ,I oversleep.A. unlessB. thoughC. ifD. whether8.you begin the work , you must carry it out through to the end.A. WhenB. ThoughC. SometimesD. Once9.I ' ll start early ,it is dark or light .A. howeverC. whetherC. ifD. though10.He is so strongly built that he lookshe could lift an elephant.A. ifB. as ifC. likeD. that11.Allow children the space to voice their opinions,they are different from your own. （05 湖南卷）A. untilB. even ifC. unlessD.