祈使句精讲及练习(含答案)

1、祈使句精讲及练习（含答案）祈使句精讲及练习（含答案）一、祈使句（ Imperative Sentence ）定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句 .祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。例： Go and wash your hands. （去洗你的手。命令）Be quiet, please（. Please be quiet）. （请安静。请求）Be kind to our sister. （对姊妹要和善。劝告）Watch your steps. （走路小心。警告）Look out ！ Danger！

2、（小心！危险！强烈警告，已如感叹句）No parking. （禁止停车。禁止）祈使句也常把主语“ You ”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些，例如：You go and tell him, Chris. （克立斯你去告诉他。）二、相关口令祈使句无主语, 主语 you 常省去 ;动词原形谓语当, 句首加don't 否定变 ;朗读应当用降调, 句末常标感叹号。三、表现形式肯定结构:1. Do型（即:动词原形（+宾语）+其它成分）。如:Please have a seat herei1这边坐。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this

3、 way, please. 请这边走。2. Be型(即:Be +表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy!要做一个好 孩子 !3. Let型(即:Let +宾语+动词原形+其它成分)。如:Let me help you.让我来帮 你。否定结构:1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加 don't构成。如：Don't forget me!不要忘记 我!2. Let型的否定式有两种："Don't + let +宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和“ Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如 :Don't let him

4、 go. / Let him not go. 别让 他走。3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking!禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼 !四、 "let" 带头的祈使句由"let"带头的祈使句(Imperative Sentences个常见的动词句型，它的主要用法有下列三种：1 .表示“建议”。这个句型里的"let"后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语，如：(1) Let me try. (2) Let's do it. (3) Let me go and look for it.这个句型语

5、气委婉，比直接的祈使句客气。试比较(4)a 和 (4)b:(4) a. Don't disturb him. b. Let's not disturb him.(a)是直接命令，语气强烈，不如(b)温柔悦耳。2.表示“间接命令”或“愿望”。这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词，如：(5) Let Robert take charge of the marketing departmen(t. 让 robert 接管市场部。 )(6) Let her join our choir. (让她加入我们的合唱团。)3.表示“警告”、“蔑视”、“威胁”等。这种祈使句里的宾语也是第三人称

6、为主。除了口气凶悍之外，有时还语带讽刺，如：(7) Let him try and he will expose his inability to work on his own.(8) Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time.用 "let" 的祈使句时，必须注意下列几点：一、 "let" 的否定句有两种。如果宾语是第三人称用 "Don't let" (见例 (9)；如果宾语是第一人称，则用 "Letnot&qu

7、ot; (见例 (10)：(9) Don't let this type of things happen again.(10) It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain.二、"Let"只适用于现在时态，可以有被动语态(the passive voice)如：(11) Let the man be sent to prison.(12) Let all the excellent staff be promoted.三、"Let"后头除了是不带"to”

8、的不定式动词之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如 out, in, down, alone(13) Let the man out. (14) Open the windows and let the fresh air in.(15) The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down. (16) Let me alone, please.四、用"Let's"时，把谈话者的对象包括在内；用"Let us"时，并不包括对方，如：(17) Let's try it, shall we? (18) Let us

9、do it by ourselves, will you?从(17)里的"shall we"和(18)里的"will you",不难知道前者包括听话人，后者并没有。祈使句练习1. The TV is too loud. Please.A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it2. late again, Bill!A. Don't to be B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not3. cross the road un

10、til the traffic lights turn green.A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't4. Please help me carry it, ?A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we5. Don't make so much noise, ?A. will you B. won't you C. shall we D. do you6. Do you know the girl under the tree?A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood7. Kate, your homework here tomorrow.A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing8. me the truth, or I'll be angry.A. Telling B. To tellC. Told D. Tell9. I've kept the dog Maomao f