2019-2020学年全国高中学业水平模拟测试英语试题一解析版

1、高中学业水平考试模拟测试卷（一）（时间：90 分钟满分：100 分）I.情景交际（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下列简短对话，从 A,B,C 和 D 中选出最佳答案，将对话补全。1. .Haveyoubeenwastingtimeoncomputergamesagain?.IvebeenstudyingalotandIneedabreak.A.NowayB.NotreallyC.IdontagreeD.Icouldntagreemore解析：根据下一句“我一直在学习，我需要休息一下。”可知，此处应是“我没有浪费时间玩游戏。Notreally.意思是“事实上不是、没有”，符合

2、此处语境。Noway.意思是“没门”；Idontagree.意思是“我不同意”，表示拒绝对方的提议；Icouldntagreemore.意思是“我非常同意”，与所提供的情景矛盾。答案：B2.Areyouallright?A.ThatsOKB.IthinksoC.TakeiteasyD.Itsverykindofyou解析：本题考查的是交际用语中 so 指代一个肯定的宾语从句的用法，在这里 so 指代 Imallright。本句的意思是：你好吗？一我想是这样（我想我的身体还不错）。答案：B3.Ihavesomebignewsforyou.Youvebeenacceptedasamemberofo

3、urclub.一 Thatsgreat!A.HaveI?B.Pardon?C.Congratulations!D.Goodidea!解析：选项“HaveI?是HaveIbeenacceptedasamemberofyourclub?”的省略。在有清晰的上下文的情况下，口语中尽量使用简洁的表达。选项“Pardon?”用于请求别人重复说过的话；Congratulations!”用于祝贺别人取得的成绩；选项“Goodidea!”用于对别人的建议表示赞同。答案：A4.Bob,canyousparemeafewminutesrightnow?Ihavetoaskyousomequestions.A.It

4、sapleasureB.Ask,pleaseC.HelpyourselfD.Yes,goahead解析：Itsapleasure.”意思是“不用谢”，Ask,please.”是汉语表达，Helpyourself.”意思是“自便”，Yes,goahead.意思是“请讲”。问句句意：Bob,现在能腾出几分钟给我吗？我想问你些问题，故选 Do答案：D5. Mike,wouldyoumindnotwearingthoseoldjeans?Theylookterrible.A.Ok,IllputonanotherpairB.Sure,IwilldoitrightawayC.Sorry,Iwontbeal

5、oneD.Alright,Illdotheminaminute解析： 若没有其他特明显的表示反感的词， 一般来说， 建议都是被采纳的。答案：An.阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文， 掌握其大意， 然后从每题所给的 A,B,C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项。AStudyingvolcanoesisademandingprofession.HazelRymerfrequentlyhastostrugglethroughrainforests,climbtothetopofmountains,thenclimb200metresintothecraterofacti

6、vevolcanoes.Butthe38-year-oldvolcanologistdoesherbesttomakeitsoundlessalarmingthanitis.Drivingtoworkismorerisky,sheinsists.“AndthedeepestIgointothecraterofavolcanoisabout300metres,“sheadds,tryingtomakeitallsoundasordinaryastakingthedogforawalk.Hazelhasbeenstudyingvolcanoesforalongtime,soitsnotsurpri

7、singsheisusedtothedanger.Herinterestinvolcanoesbeganatschool.AteachergaveherabookaboutPompeii.IrememberreadingabouttheeruptionofVesuviusandthedestructionofthecity,“sheexplains.ThethoughtofallthosepeoplejustfrozenintimehadquiteaneffectonmeandIamstillexcitedbytheirdangerousbeautytoday.”Nowadays,volcan

8、oesaregettingmoreandmoreunpredictable.Therehavebeenmanychangesinsealevelcausedbyglobalwarmingandmeltingicecaps.Thesehaveresultedinsomedormantvolcanoeserupting,sostudyingthemismoredangerousthaneverbefore.Hazelsaysthatalthoughshedoesnttakeanyunnecessaryrisk,shehashadsomefrighteningmoments.Herworstexpe

9、riencewasontheslopesofMountEtnainSicily,whenshewasslowlysurroundedbylava.Ihadachoiceofwalkingtenhourstogetaroundthelavafloworjustwalkingacrossit,sheexplains.Shechosetopickapathacrossthecoolerrocksinthelavastream.Iguessitwasfivemetres.Theflowwas1,000C,soifyouhesitated,yourbootswouldbegintomelt.Itwass

10、cary,butitreallywasapracticaldecisiontherewasnttimetodoanythingelse.”Andwhataboutthefuture?IhaventbeentothevolcanoesinIndonesiayet.AndIwouldlovetospendsometimeworkingintheAntarcticJshesays.Iwouldalsoliketoknowwhyquietlavaflowseruptfromsomevolcanoesandwhyothervolcanoesgobang.words,HazelRymerwontbeexc

11、hanginghervolcanoesfortherelativesafetyofdrivingtoworkjustyet.6.Hazelsclaimthatadrivingtoworkismorerisky”thanexploringvolcanoesshowsthat.InotherA.peoplehaveexaggeratedthedangersofvolcanoesinthepastB.HazeldoesnotreallyunderstandthedangeroussituationssheputsherselfinC.therearemanybaddriversintheplacew

12、hereHazellivesD.Hazelisbeingmodestandunderstatingthedangersshefaces【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了火山学家 HazelRymer 的一些关于火山的研究活动。尽管研究火山充满不可预测的风险，但是 Hazel 也不会改变自己的选择。解析：由此句话的前一句Butthe38-year-oldvolcanologistdoesherbesttomakeitsoundlessalarmingthanitis.”以及止匕句话可知，HazelRymer 说开车上班比对火山进行研究更危险可推断出，她是以一种谦虚的说法淡化其面临的危险。答案：D7.Wh

13、endidHazelfirstbecomeinterestedinvolcanoes?A.WhenshewasvisitingItaly.B.Whenshewasatschool.C.Whenshewastwenty.D.WhenshesawVesuvius.解析：由第二段第二句 Herinterestinvolcanoesbeganatschool.可知她在读书时就对火山感兴趣答案：B8.Theunderlinedword“These”(inParagraph3)referstoC.changesinsealevelD.highertemperatures解析：由画线词的前句话Thereha

14、vebeenmanychangesinsealevelcausedbyglobalwarmingandmeltingicecaps.”可知画线词应该指的是海平线的变化答案：C9.WhenHazelwasonMountEtna,shehadto.A.takeadangerousrouteB.takeanunnecessaryriskC.leaveherbootsbehindD.walkfortenhoursaroundthemountain解析：由第三段最后几句11hadachoiceofwalkingtenhourstogetaroundthelavafloworjustwalkingacro

15、ssit,sheexplains.Shechosetopickapathacrossthecoolerrocksinthelavastream.Iguessitwasfivemetres.Theflowwas1,000C,soifyouhesitated,yourbootswouldbegintomelt.Itwasscary,butitreallywasapracticaldecisiontherewasnttimetodoanythingelse. 可 知她选择了从熔岩流中走过，而这是一条危险的路A.meltingicecapsB.volcaniceruptions答案：A10.Inthe

16、future,HazelwantstoA.revisitvolcanoessheknowsB.goonholidaytotheAntarcticC.findalessdangerousjobD.discovernewthingsaboutvolcanoes解析：由最后一段内容.Iwouldalsoliketoknowwhyquietlavaflowseruptfromsomevolcanoesandwhyothervolcanoesgobang.”可知，Hazel 将继续对火山进行研究，并发现一些新的东西。答案：DBAfellowspeakerfromCalifornianamedGerifl

17、ewtoJapan,inherfavouritejeansandacasualjacket,togiveherfirstspeech.Fourteenhourslater,fourperfectlydressedJapanesegentlemengreetedheratNaritaAirport.Smilingandbowinglow,theyhandedhertheirbusinesscards.Withherbaginonehand,Geritooktheircardswiththeother.Shethankedthem,glancedbrieflyatthecards,andputth

18、emintoherjeanspocketquickly.Whenthefiveofthemarrivedatthehotel,theyinvitedGeritoteainthelobby（大厅） .Whilesippingtea,thegentlemenpresentedherwithasmallgiftwhichsheeagerlyopened.Shewasthrilledwiththegiftandshoutedexcitedly,“Oh,itsbeautiful!Atthispoint,thefourJapanesegentlemenstoodupand,bowingonlyverysl

19、ightly,said“Sayonaraandleftimmediately.PoorGeriwasleftastonished.Whatdidshedowrong?Everything!Herjeanswerethefirstgaffe.EvenifyourecomingoffabicycleinJapan,youdonotmeetclients（客人）casuallydressed.ThesecondmistakewasGerishandlingoftheirbusinesscardsrudely.InJapan,thebusinesscardisoneofthemostimportant

20、communicativetools.Itisalwayspresentedandacceptedrespectfullywithbothhands.However,Geriputtheircardsawaymuchtooquickly.InJapan,peopleusebusinesscardsasaconversationstarter.Youchatabouteachotherscardsandworkanddonotputtheirsawayuntiltheygentlyandrespectfullyplaceyoursinsafekeeping.Puttingitcarelessly

21、intoherjeanspocketwastheultimatedisrespect.Then,thefourthhorrorofhorrorswasthatGerishouldnothaveopenedthegiftinfrontofherclients.Inalandwheresavingfaceiscritical,itwouldbeembarrassingtodiscoverthegifttheygavewasnotasniceastheonetheyreceived.Whatisworse,Gerihadntevengiventhemagift!11.InthefourJapanes

22、egentlemenseyes,GeritooktheircardsA.excitedlyB.embarrassinglyC.politelyD.disrespectfully【语篇解读】本文介绍了 Geri 在与日本人交往中所犯的几个礼仪上的错误。解析：由文章第段:.glancedbrieflyatthecards,andputthemintoherjeanspocketquickly.” 和 第 四段的 ThesecondmistakewasGerishandlingoftheirbusinesscardsrudely.”可知答案。答案：D12.WhydidthefourJapaneseg

23、entlemenleaveGerisuddenly?A.BecausetheycouldntbearGerisbehaviouranylonger.B.Becausetheyhadfinishedthetask.C.BecauseGerihadsomethingmoreimportanttodo.D.BecauseGerifeltembarrassed.解析：由第五段Then,thefourthhorrorofhorrorswasthatGerishouldnothaveopenedthegiftinfrontofherclients.Inalandwheresavingfaceiscriti

24、cal,itwouldbeembarrassingtodiscoverthegifttheygavewasnotasniceastheonetheyreceived.”可推知答案。答案：A13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gaffeinParagraph4probablymean?A.Ignorance.B.Sadness.C.Mistake.D.Carelessness.解 析 ： 由 第 三 段 “Whatdidshedowrong?” 和 第 四 段 的ThesecondmistakewasGerishandlingoftheirbusinesscardsrude

25、ly. 可 推 知 答案。答案：C14 .ThethirdmistakeGerimadewasthatshe.A.usedherowncardasaconversationstarterB.tookherclientscardswithonehandC.keptherclientscardsinawrongplaceD.metherclientsinjeans解析：由第四段 ThesecondmistakewasGerishandlingoftheirbusinesscardsrudely.”和 Puttingitcarelesslyintoherjeanspocketwastheultima

26、tedisrespect.“可推知答案。答案：C15 .Whatlessoncanwedrawfromthisstory?A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.B.Thinktwicebeforeyoutakeanyaction.C.WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.D.Dontclaimtoknowwhatyoudontknow.解析：纵观全文可得出答案。答案：CCScientistshavelaunchedaprojectaimedatsolvingthemysteryofthegiantredwoodtree:Whatallowsittogrowsotal

27、landlivesolong?Scientistshavebeguntakingcuttingsthattheyhopecanbeusedtomakegeneticclonesoftheancienttrees.MembersfromBartlettTreeExpertsrecentlyclimbedalmost300feetupthreeredwoodtreesinRoysRedwoodsOpenSpacePreserveinMarinCounty,Calif.,tocollectsamplesofnewgrowthaspartofanefforttoclonesomeoftheoldest

28、andbiggestredwoodtreesinthewesternUSA.TheprojectwilltakegeneticmaterialfromthetreestocreateabecomethetallestandlargestlivingthingsonEarth,saysDavidMilarchoftheChampionTreeProject,whichisworkingwithBartlettandtheTreeResearchandEducationEndowmentFundontheproject.Milarchhopestoplanttheclonesnearunivers

29、ities.Becausetheyoungtreeswillbeidenticaltothetreesfromwhichtheywerecloned,scientistscanstudytheirgeneticswithouthavingtomaketheclimbuptheoldertreestogathersamples,whichisexpensiveanddifficult.Althoughthishasneverbeendonebeforewithredwoods,itisstandardpracticewhenscientistsaretryingtofind“bettervers

30、ionsplantsoranimals,saysBillLibby,aretiredprofessorofforestryattheUniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,whohasspokenwithMilarchabouttheplans.Theteamwillgathersamplesfromthenextsetoftreesinabouttwomonths,saysDavidMcMasterofBartlettTreeExperts.Thistime,theclimberswillbegoinguptreesthataremorethan300feettalla

31、ndwillhavetouseacrossbowtoreachthelowestbranch,whichis200feethigh.16 .Whatisthepassagemainlyconcerned?A.Ancienttreestobeclonedfor“livinglibrary”.B.TreeResearchProjecttobecarriedoutinMarin.C.ThreeredwoodtreestobeclimbedinCalifornia.D.Alivinglibrary”tobebuiltinwesternUSA.【语篇解读】本文向我们讲述了科学家为揭开 giantredw

32、oodtree的生长秘密，进行了一系列的科学研究。livinglibrarysosearcherscanstudywhatallowsthesetreesto解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文可以看出，文章向我们介绍了对红杉树进行的研究：搜集样本、然后创建一个 livinglibrary”，然后进行克隆，接下来研究该物种成为世界上最大、最高物种的原因。所以 A 项最能概括全文。D 项只是研究的一种形式，有一定的干扰性。答案：A17 .ScientistsfromBartlettTreeExpertsclimbedredwoodtreesto.A.collectthefruitsfromabove300

33、feetB.haveatreeclimbingraceamongscientistsC.collectinformationforlocallibrariesD.collectsamplesofnewgrowthoftheancientredwoods解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 由 第 二 段 可 知 ， 科 学 家 爬 上 redwoodtrees 的 目 的 是tocollectsamplesofnewgrowth.”。答案：D18 .Milarchhopestoplanttheclonesnearuniversitiesmostprobablybecause.A.universi

34、tiesneedthemtobeautifythecampusB.itisconvenientfortheresearcherstostudyC.itiseasierforyoungstudentstoclimbD.itcostthemlessthaninotherplaces解析：细节理解题。由第四段可以看出，科学家想把克隆出的红杉树种在大学附近的原因就在于：这样就可以直接对他们进行研究了，不用再费钱、费力地爬那些古树去采集标本了，这就为研究带来了很大的方便。答案：B19 .Theunderlinedwordaidenticalin“thefourthparagraphprobablymea

35、ns：A.differentB.strangeC.sameD.equal解析：词义猜测题。下文告诉我们：科学家把克隆出的红杉树用作研究的标本，这说明克隆出来的树和原来的树在基因方面是一样的。所以该词和 same 同义。答案：C20 .Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.redwoodtreescangrowveryfastandverytallB.itcostalotofmoneytoclimbuptheancienttreesC.scientistsclonetheredwoodtreestoproducemorewoodD.cloningcouldprobably

36、createbetterversionsofplantsoranimals解析：推理判断题。前文告诉我们对研究红杉树采用的克隆的方法，倒数第二段又告诉我们这种方法能够创造出更好的品种 versions”。由此可以判断 D项正确。答案：D田.完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的 A,B,C 和 Dbetter项中选出最佳选项。Oneofthemostremarkablethingsaboutthehumanmindisourabilitytoimaginethefuture.Inour_21_wecanseewhathasnotye

37、thappened.Forexample,whilewearelookingforwardto_22_anewplaceorcountry,weimaginewhatitwillbelike.Wepredictthe23peoplewilleat,dressandact.Ofcourse,wedonotalwayspredictthings_24_.Thingsareoftenverydifferentfromthewaywe25themtobe.OneofthefamousdreamsinhistoryisthedreamoftheGermanscientist,Kekule,whohadb

38、een_26_toworkoutaverydifficultprobleminphysics.Hehad_27_andanalyzedtheproblemfromeveryanglefordays,butthereseemedtobenowayof_28_outtheanswer.Thenonenighthewenttobedanddreamed.Whenhe_29up,herealizedthatheknewtheanswer.Hehadsolvedtheprobleminhis_30_.Thehypnotist（催眠者）satinthechairoppositehimandspoke_31

39、_:Iwantyoutoconcentrateonmyvoice.Thinkabout_32_.Youknownothingbutmyvoice.Andasyoupayattentiontomyvoice,your33willgetheavier.Soonyoullbeasleep.Youwillhearmyvoiceand_34mywords,butyourbodywillbeasleep,youreyesaretooheavy.Youarealmostasleep,andwhenyouwakeupyouwill_35nothing.Youwillforgeteverything.NowIa

40、mgoingtocountslowlyfromonetofive.One,two,three,four,five.21 .A.brainsB.sensesC.mindsD.sights解析：从前句话Oneofthemostremarkablethingsaboutthehumanmindisourabilitytoimaginethefuture.”可知我们脑中可以想象会发生什么，选 Co答案：C22 .A.visitingB.seekingC.reachingD.discovering解析： visiting”参观； seeking”寻找“； reaching“至 U 达； discover

41、ing“发现”。句意：当人们期望去参观一个地方或者一个国家故选 A。答案：A23.A.customB.habitC.styleD.way解析：这里强调的是行为方式。我们预测人们的吃穿住行；故选Do答案：D24 .A.quicklyB.simplyC.correctlyD.neatly解析： quickly“很快地simply“简单地”； correctly“正确地”； neatly“整洁地”。句意：我们不能总是准确地预测。故选 C。答案：C25 .A.requiredB.wishedC.leftD.expected解析：required“需要”；wished“渴望”；left“离开”；expe

42、cted“预期”。句意：事情经常与我们预期的不同。故选 Do答案：D26 .A.managingB.tryingC.thinkingD.hoping解析：managing“管理”；trying尝试”；thinking”思考”；hoping“希望”。句意：他尝试着去解决物理学方面的一个难题。故选 B。答案：B27.A.studiedB.learnedC.discussedD.researched解析： “研究”与“分析”是紧密相连的。 study 此处意为“研究”。 research 作“研究”讲时，若接宾语，须加上介词 on 或 into。故选 A。答案：A28.A.makingB.findi

43、ngC.turningD.letting解析：making”制作“；finding”找至广；turning转向“；letting“让，允许”。句意：但是仍然没有一个找到答案的方法。故选答案：B29.A.gaveB.C.wokeD.解析：gave“给”；sat坐当他醒来的时候故选 Cosatgotwoke“唤醒”;got“得到”。句意:答案：C30 .A.dreamB.lessonC.researchD.exercise解析：dream梦想；lesson”课程；research研究”；exercise“锻炼”。句意：在他的梦里，他解决了这个问题。故选 A。答案：A31 .A.softlyB.lo

44、udlyC.slowlyD.firmly解析：softly“温柔地”；loudly“大声地”；slowly“慢慢地”；firmly“坚定地”。句意：催眠者坐在他的对面，温柔的说话。故选 A。答案：A32.A.everythingB.somethingC.nothingD.anything解析：everything”每件事情“；something”些事情“；nothing“没什么；anything“任何事情”。句意：什么也不想。故选 C。答案：C33.A.eyesB.feetC.headD.body解析：eyes“眼睛”；feet“脚”；head头”；body“身体”。句意：你的眼睛将会变得沉重

45、，很快就睡着了。故选 A。答案：A34.A.believeB.repeatC.takeD.understand解析：由文意可知在迷迷糊糊的时候可以听见我的话并且理解我的意思，听到并且“理解”合乎逻辑。故选 Do答案：D35.A.acceptB.rememberC.hearD.receive解析： accept接受“； remember”记得“； hear“听至广； receive“收到”。句意：当你醒来的时候，你什么都不记得。故选 B。答案：BIV.语法填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面短文， 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求， 在空格处填入一个适当的词或

46、使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。WhenIwasyoung,ourfamilylivedinwhatisnowaforestreserve.OnedayIsawa36.(home)dogattheendofourlongdriveway.Itdrovemymothercrazy.Wewerentrichandwealreadyhadadog.37.(stare)outofthewindow,mymothercomplainedaboutthe38.(responsible)andcruelpersonwholefthisdogwithus.Wechildrenweretoldtostayaway

47、from39.dogaswecouldntaffordtokeepit.Iwasveryupsetandcouldntbelievethatmymotherwasrefusingtohelpit.Shesaid,wewerenotalonehereandlet40.peopletakecareofthecreature.Thepoordog41.(lie)attheendofthedrivewayandhardlymovedfortwodays.Myheartwasbreaking,42.Ididntdaretosayanythingtomymother.Laterthatday,Icouldntfindmymotherinthehouse.I43.(check)everyroombutshewasgone.ThenIsawmymothercomingbacktoourhouse44.thedog.Weranoutsidetogreetournewdog.Mymotherdidntsay45.sh