[LX]牛津版7AUnit3笔记809

1、Unit 3Friends from other countries一、词组归纳：1. friends from other countries 来自其他国家的朋友2. for example 例如3. a crowded city = a busy city 一个拥挤的城市4. be crowded with 挤满了，充满了= be filled with / be full of5. walk across the crowds穿过人群6. over = more than 超过7. read about sth.阅读与有关的在另一个国家在其他国家了解最喜爱的学科男性和女性对感兴趣显示极大

2、的兴趣8. in magazines and newspapers在杂志和报纸上9. in another country10. in other countries11. know about sth.12. favourite subjects13. male and female14. be interested in来自不同国家的笔友15. show great interest in16. penfrieds from different countries17. nowadays =today 如今18. make friends with 和交朋友19. like doing s

3、th. 喜欢做某事=enjoy doing sth. / be interested in doing sth.20. tell sb. about sth.告诉某人某事21. a twelve-year-old girl 一个 12 岁的女孩= a girl of twelve years old22. look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事23. hear from sb. 收到某人的来信= get a letter from sb./receive a letter from sb.在字典里查这个单词24. a list of 一张的清单25. look up

4、the word in the dictionary超过六百万人 .数百年 .大多数. 来自其他国家的人们 叫他们加拿大人 .在附近 .离远 .26. hobbies = interests 兴趣爱好27.over six million people28. hundreds of years29. most of30. people from other countries31. call them Canadians32. near = close to33. far away from = far fromCTGS-资料文件34. at school35. a boy from Can

5、ada36. be your penfriend37. ride bicycle38. tell me about yourself39. send your n ame to my school40. enjoy yourself = have a good time41. Help yourself to sth42. foreig ners in Garde n City在学校.一个来自加拿大的男孩 成为你的笔友.骑自行车.告诉我你自己的情况 把你的名字送到学校 玩得愉快.随便吃. 在花园城市的外国人把某人称作43. call sb. sth44. be near 靠近be far (a

6、way) from 远离45. write (a letter) to sb.写信给某人46. know about 了解47. be in terested in 对感兴趣二、新单词/词组讲解：1. Britain n. 英国表示“英国”的单词有 Britain、England和the UK.England原指英格兰，它是英语四大行政区中最大的一个，所以常用来指英国。Britain 指不列颠岛，包括 England（英格兰）、Scotland（苏格兰）、和 Wales（威尔士）三个行政 区，因此也常用来表示英国，也称 the Great Britai n;the UK是英国国名the Uni

7、ted Kingdom的缩写。 英国全称是：the Uni ted Kin gdom of Great Britai n and North Irela nd大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国the British常常用于表示“（统称）英国人”2. Toro nto Junior High School多伦多初级中学Toro nto n. 多伦多（加拿大港市）junior adj. 初等的。初级的 junior high school初级中学.senior adj.高等的。高级的。年长的 senior high school 高级中学.primary adj. 初等教育的，小学的primary sch

8、ool小学.3. foreig ner n.夕卜国人Nowadays, more and more foreig ners come to stay and work in Sha nghai.foreig n adj. 夕卜国的a foreig n Ian guage4. crowded adj.拥挤的Shan ghai is a crowded city.Nanjing Road is always crowded with people.三、语法点：1.【记忆】国家一一人民一一国籍Cou ntry 国家People人民Natio nality国籍CanadaCan adia n(s)Ca

9、n adia nThe USA/ AmericaAmerica n(s)America nThe UK/ Britai n/En gla ndBritish/E nglishma n (me n)British/E nglishIn diaIn dia n(s)In dia nAustraliaAustralia n(s)Australia nJapa nJapa nese(s)JapaneseGerma nyGerman (s)Germa nFrancefrenchman (men)frenchItalyItalia n(s)Italia nThaila ndThaiThaiChi naCh

10、in ese(s)Chin ese2. 词性转换： foreignadj. 夕卜国的foreignern. 夕卜国人 Germanyn德国German（s）adj.德国的，德国人 weighv.称重weight n. 重量 highadj.高的height n.高度 national adj.国家的，民族的nation n 国家，民族 nationality n. 国籍intern ati on aladj.国际的 interest n.兴趣，爱好，利益，利息interested（主语是人）adj.感兴趣的interesting （主语是物）adj.令人感兴趣的,有趣的. crowded ad

11、j.拥挤的 crowd n. 人群3. 现在完成时A. 概念及用法：1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。（本单元重点）常用词：already、yet、just、ever 2. 表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，而且有可能继续延续下去。此用法中要求动词必须是延续性动词。常用词：since （连接进度的一点）（尚未学过）for （连接进度的一段）（预备班已学）B. 结构：have/has+动词的过去分词(不规则动词的过去分词要专门记忆。)a. 肯定句：I have visited the UK. It ' s far away from China.b. 否定句:I haven

12、 ' t visited the UK yet.c. 疑问句:Have you visited the UK yet?Yes, I have./ No, I haven ' t.C. 动词过去式及过去分词的构成：规则变化一般情况下在动词词尾直接加 -ed. e.g. jump jumped-jumped 以不发音的e结尾的动词直接加-d. e.g. love loved-loved 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 去 y变i+ed; e.g. study studied-studied 3 / 9CTGS-资料文件以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写最后一个辅音字母,

13、再加- ed. e.g. stop stopped-stopped不规则变化（需专门记忆）D. have/has gone to 和 have/hasbeen to 的区别：have/has gone to 某人去了某地（主语不在出发地） have/has bee n to 某人去过某地（主语不在追求地）【例句】He has gone to Beijing.他去北京了。He has bee n to Beiji ng three times.他去过北京三次了。E. have/hasbee n to 和 have/has bee n in 的区别：have/has been to 强调动作的过程

14、have/has been in 强调动作的状态（通常与表示一段进度的进度状语连用）【例句】 They have been to Europe once.They have bee n in Europe for 10 years.F. already 和 yetalready用于现在完成时的肯定句中，表示已经，可置于句中或句尾；yet用于否定句或疑问句中，常用于句末。【例句】 I have already finished my homework.Have you fini shed your homework yet?No, not yet./ No, I haven ' t fi

15、nished my homework yet.G. since 和 for在现在完成时中经常用since和for连接进度状语,since所指的是一个进度点，for所指的是一段 进度。该用法强调动作的延续性，因此句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。a）since+进度的一点：since作介词+进度点（since 2002）since作连词,引导进度状语从句，从句中动词需用一般过去时。【例句】 Mark has learned Chi nese si nee 2002.Mark has lear ned Chin ese since he came to China.b）fo叶一段进度：【例句】 Ma

16、rk has learned Chinese for 7 years.c）对for及since连接的进度状语提问均用 how longHe has learned Chinesefor 7 years. / He has learned Chinesesince 7 years ago.f How long has he learned Chinese?d）短暂性动词不可出现在含有since/ for的现在完成时。如需使用，则要转换为表示延 续性状态的动词。【例句】 His grandfatherhas died for 5 years. x应改为:His grandfather has be

17、en dead for 5 years.四、重点句型：1. Oversix million people live in Garden City. 600多万人居住在花园城。 over相当于more than ，是“超过。多于”的意思，常常放在数词的前面。【例句】There are over 5000 adjectives in that dictionary.那本词典中有 5000 多个形容词。. six million 即 6000000.六百万 较大数词的读法小结：读法法则ix hun dred and fifty-four百位数与十位数间要用 andone thousa nd seve

18、 n hun dred andightee n千位数与百位数间无 andwen ty-seve n thousa nd one hun dred and five千位数前的数字照一位数、两位数或二位数的读法读one hun dred and eight thousa nd t wo hun dred and twenty-onewo milli on seve n hun dred thousand five hun dred and sixty两个“，”由左到右依次代表“百 万位”和“千位”，而这些“，” 前后的数字可按一、二、二位数的 读法读，在"，”处相应加上单位 millio

19、n 禾口 thousand 即可。2. What do we call people from Can ada?我们如何称呼来自加拿大的人呢？We call them Ca nadia ns.我们把他们称为加拿大人。call sb. sth. “把称作”【例句】His name is Richard, but we call him Dick.3. We can visit co un tries near or far away from Chi na.我们可以访问那些距离中国或近或远的国家。.near和far away from 是一对反义词，表示“距离近”和“距离远”本句中 near o

20、r far away from China做后置定语修饰 countries.4. We can also read about them in magaz ines and n ewspapers.我们同样可以通过阅读杂志和报纸了解这些国家。 read about 读到过；通过阅读了解,【例句】I have read about the accident in the factory. read 与 read aboutread表示“阅读”，后接书籍、报刊、杂志。read about 表示“阅读与有关的”，相当于 read somethi ng about,后接某个对象或事件。 表示“在报纸

21、、杂志上”时，介词用“ in ”而不用“ on ”5. What is your nationality?= What nationality are you? = Where are you from?=Where do you come from?你是什么国籍？=你来自哪里？-I' m Chin ese.nationality n. 国籍在回答这个问题时，要使用形容词，如 Chinese, Japanese 等。.6. What would you like to kn ow about your penfriend?你想了解笔友哪些方面的情况？【know 与 know about

22、 】know表示“认识。知道”，而 know about 表示“知道关于，的事情”【例句】I know that man over there.我认识那边的那我。Do you know about Jay Chou?你知道周杰伦吗？7. I' d like to know his favorite subjects at school.我想知道他上学时最喜欢的学科。【at school 与 at the school 】at school是“在上学，在求学”的意思，school前不加the。如使用at the school ，则表示 “在学校”的意思，没有求学的含义。【例句】We &#

23、39; ve been friends ever si nee we met at school.自从我们上学时认识后就一直是好朋友。.8. Sex（ M/F ）性别（男性/女性）M代表male男性，F代表female女性9. Penfriends Intern ati onal sent your n ame to my school.国际笔友会把你的名字寄至 到了我校。sen d-se nt-se ntsend sth. to sb.send sb. sth. 把寄（送）给Thank you for sending me those cards.= Thank you for sendin

24、g those cards to me.10. I am in Grade 7.我读七年级。表示就读于某个班级或年级时，应使用介词in。【例句】I' m in Class 2, Grade 7.11. Which country have you visited ?你去过哪一个国家？Which引导的特殊疑问句，用“ Which+名词”进行提问。五、小作文：A letter to my penfriend范文：（date）DearThanks for your letter and your photograph. I would like to be your penfriend,to

25、o.I'm Chinese. I'm the same age as you and we have the same interest in playing computer games. So I want to make a friend with you.There are five people in my family. I have one brother. His n ame is Charles.I have one sister. Her n ame is Lin da. We have a pet cat. Her n ame is Kitty. I go

26、 toNo.1 Middle School. Maths and En glish are my favourite subjects. I like play ing p6 / 9iano and badminton. What about you? . Write soon.Yours六、练习：I Choose the best answer.(选择正确的答案)( ) 1. Which city is the capital of England? is the capital of England.A. Beijing B. London C. PairsD. Tokyo.() 2. T

27、here are two _ five hundred and sixty students in our school. A.million B. millions C. thousands D. thousand.( ) 3. Would you like Coke？A. a B. all C. some D. all.( ) 4. Alice is good playing pia n o .A. for, B. at, a C. at, theD. for, the.( ) 5. Peter been to Thailand ?.A. Have, already B. Has, alr

28、eady C. Have, yet D. Has, yet.( ) 6. I don'tknow Linda. But I something h e r .A. hear, from B. know, about C. know, from D. hear, about.( ) 7. What food would you like ?A. to eat B. eat C. eating D. to eating.() 8. There a sports meeting in our school next autumn. A. will have B. is going to ha

29、ve C. is D. is going to be.II. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.( 用 括号中所给单词的适当形式填空) .1. They can see many (difference) signs in the park.2. Our teacher (warning) us not to play ball games in the corridor yesterday. .3. Many American young people go (hike) on their ho

30、liday.4. We canstorm a lot of (inform) in our computer.5. At the (begin) of the lesson, the teacher told us a story.III. Rewrite the following sentences as required.(按要求改写句子) .1. You should feed your pet at the table.(改为否定句)You 2. His sister was very happy. His sister was very happyfeed your pet at

31、the table.改为反义疑问句）3. He did n 'come to school today because he was ill.(就划线部分提问)he come to school today?4. The Gree ns se a film on ce a mon th.(就划线部分提问)do the Gree ns see a film?5. This is an interesting book.(改为感叹句 )this book is!IV. Read ing(A)The Un ited St a t e s cove rs a large part of the

32、 No rth A me rica n continent .Its n e ig h bo rs are Can ad a to the no rth, and Mexi co to the south. A lt ho ug h the Un ited St a t e s is a big coun t ry, it is not th e largest in th e world.Whe n t his land first became a n ati on, a fte r winning its in de pe ndence f ro m En g la nd, i t h

33、ad th i rtee n states. Each of the sta tes wa s re pre se nted o n the America n flag by a star. A 11 these states we re in the ea ste r n pa rt of th e continent. As the nation grew towa rd the w est, new states were added and new stars ap pea re d on the flag. For a long time, the re we re 48 stat

34、e s. In 1 959, two more stars we re added to the flag, representing the new st ates of A laska and Hawa i i. Tr ue or False.()1. Mexico is to the south of the Un ited States.( )2. There have never been fights or wars between Britain and the United States.( )3. At first there were 13 stars on the America n Nati onal Flag.( )4. The first 13 states lay in the west of the America n con ti nent.( )5. Now there are 50 stars on the America n Nati onal Flag.(B)Choose the words or expressi ons to complete the passage.A11 a r o und t h e world, people d ri nk t e a