人教版八年级英语下册单元语法归纳及练习全套

1、人教版八年级英语下册单元语法归纳及练习全套Unit 1重点语法教学目标：掌握情态动词should的用法掌握反身代词的用法1 .情态动词should的用法（1 ）情态动词should后接动词原形，变为一般疑问句时将should提前，变为否定句时在should后面加not。We should listen to our teacher carefully in class.Should I tell him the news right now?We shouldn' t come late to school.（2 ） should常用于以下两种情况：提出建议、观点或看法。You loo

2、 tired. You should lie down and rest.表示推测，意为“该，按理应当”。Wait a minute. I thin he should come in a moment.2 .反身代词3 1 ）反身代词的构成反身代词是表示或强调自身的代词，有人称和数之分。第一、二人称反身代词由“形容 词性物主代词+ self （ 单数）或selves （复数）”构成；第三人称则由“宾格人称 代词+ self （ 单数）或selves （ 复数）”构成。详见下表：人称单数复数（-selves ）第一人称myself 我自己ourselves 我们 自 己第二人称yourself

3、 你自己yourselves 你们 自 己第三人称himself 他自己themselves 他/ 她/ 它herself 她自己itself 它自己们自己(2 )反身代词的用法做宾语You must loo after yourself well and eep healthy.The child can dress himself.做同位语He didn ' t often go shopping himself.=He himself didn ' t often go shopping.做主语在现代英语中，反身代词一般不能独立用作主语，但是它可以借助and, or, n

4、or 等连词与其他名词一起构成并列主语(且位于并列主语的后部)，以及用于某些特殊结构(如 as.as 等)。My brother and myself went there yesterday.He was as anious as myself.Jim' s sister and himself get up at si every day.(3 )含反身代词的短语小结by oneself 独自，单独for oneself 亲自teach oneself 自学learn.by oneself自学enjoy oneself玩得开心say to oneself自 言自语dress one

5、self 穿衣®help oneself to.随 意吃/ 喝点.I am able to do it by myself.I teach myself English in my spare time.They enjoyed themselves at the party.基础巩固1. Many people play with mobile phones all day instead of reading boos.That s too bad. Everyone be a boo lover. Reading is more enjoyable.A. may B. shou

6、ld C. would2. Your uncle is very good at cooing! How did he learn it ?He learned it by .A. Him B. himself C. her D. herself专项提升一、单句语法填空1. We should ( learn ) to study by ourselves.2. After coming bac from the storm, she felt she was not ( she ).3. “ You re old enough, boy. You d better do it ( you )

7、.” my fathersaid to me.4. It s too dangerous for the young children to play near the river by ( they ).5. My brother is always strict with ( he ).二、根据汉语意思完成句子6. 你应该听你父母的话。You your parents.7. 他们不应该在走廊里跑。They in the hallway.8. 昨天他们在聚会上玩得很开心。They at the party yesterday.9. 没有人教她，她自学了英语。Nobody taught her

8、 and she English .10. 我们应该做什么？we do?能力提升单项填空1. Lina and itty will go to Greenery Theme Par by net Sunday.A. they B. them C. their D. themselves2. Dogsrun through soccer games at the par. Its dangerous!A. should B. shouldn t C. need D. needn t3. Lucily, he didn t hurt terribly yesterday, and he will

9、be bettersoon.A. he B. themselves C. himself D. they4. To my surprise, he sold house at such a low price.A. he B. him C. his D. himself5. Did you mae the ite , ids?No, our uncle made it for us.A. yourselves B. yourself C. themselves6. As middle school students, we be afraid of difficulties if we wan

10、tto mae our dreams come true.A. must B. shouldn t C. need7. Peter doesn t feel sure of in his new school.A. he B. him C. his D. himself基础巩固1-2 BB专项提升1. learn 2. herself 3. yourself 4. themselves 5. himself 6. should listento 7. shouldn t run 8. enjoyed themselves/ had fun 9. learned; by herself10. W

11、hat should能力提升1-5 DBCCA 6-7 BDUnit 2 重点语法教学目标：掌握不定式几种重要用法1 . 动词不定式动词不定式的基本结构为“to + 动词原形”(有时可不加to ) 。在句中除了不能充当谓语外，其他成分都可以充当，如：主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。此处主要讲做宾语补足语和状语的用法。( 1 ) 做宾语补足语。动词不定式做宾语补足语，放在宾语的后面，表示宾语是什么或怎么样。有to do 和to be 两种形式。The doctor advised him to tae a good rest.I find English to be very eas

12、y.注意：在 as, tell, encourage, get, wish, want, would lie, find, advise, teach等动词或短语之后，常接带to 的不定式做宾语补足语。We ased him to sing a pop song at the party.我们请他在聚会上唱一首流行歌曲。动词不定式做宾语补足语时，不定式符号to 在使役动词( have, mae, let ) 、感官动词 ( feel, hear, watch, see, notice等 ) 的后面时要省略。但它们变为被动语态时，不定式符号to不能省略。The boss made the wor

13、ers wor over ten hours a day in the past.=The worers were made to wor over ten hours a day by the boss in the past.动词help接不定式做宾语补足语时，不定式符号 to可省略也可不省略。He often comes to help us ( to ) do some farm wor.拓展动词不定式在listen to, loo at后做宾语补足语时，常省略to。I listened to him sing.我听到他唱歌。动词不定式在had better等词组后做宾语时，省略to。

14、You' d better go home at once.(2 ) 做状语表目的：不定式可放在句子的前面也可放在句子的末尾。但在旬中前面时，不定式常与句子用逗号隔开；而在句子末尾时，一般不用逗号隔开。To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning.We set out at five in the morning to get there on time.表结果：不定式做结果状语，一般位于句子末尾。I went to the classroom, to discover it empty.2 .动词短语动词短语是指动词和

15、介词或副词等搭配而成的短语，如 clean up, give out, cheer up, put off, set up, thin up, tae after, fi up, give away, put up, hand out等。动词短语主要有以下四种构成形式：(1 ) 动词+介词这类动词短语主要有：agree with, as for, arrive at / in, begin with , comefrom, get to , get on, get off, hear of, noc at / on, laugh at, loo at, loo after,loo for, l

16、isten to, wait for, tae after等。注意：这类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。I am looing for my pen. I have been looing for it for two hours.( 2 ) 动词 + 副词这类动词短语主要有：find out, get bac, give out, loo up, put on, put up, putoff, pass on, turn on / off, tae out, write down, wae up, wor out, put away,thin up 等。注意：这类动词

17、短语后面的宾语是名词时，名词可放在副词之前，也可放在副词之后；宾语是代词时，代词只能放在副词之前。Please pic up the pen. = Please pic the pen up.Can you pic it up?( 3 ) 动词 + 名词 + 介词这类动词短语有：have a loo at, maefriends with, pay attention to, tae care of,loo forward to 等。注意：在这类动词短语中，宾语都放在介词之后。You should pay more attention to your pronunciation.( 4 ) 动

18、词 + 形容词 + 介词这类动词短语主要有：be angry with, be busy with, be good / bad for, be differentfrom, be late for, be interested in, be famous for , be good at等。Don t be angry with him. He is only a child.基础巩固1. These people dress themselves in bloody shar suits. They tell people shar fins in order to protect sha

19、rs.A. eat B. to eat C. not eat D. not to eat2. Alan often goes to the old people s home up the old and loo afterthem.A. to cheer B. cheer C. cheers3. No one can be right all the time. When people mae mistaes, we shouldn tthem.A. wait for B. send for C. noc at D. laugh at4. Alice, don t put your thin

20、gs here. .O, I will.A. Put away them B. Put on them C. Put them away D. Put them on5. Yunnan is beautiful and I m visiting it again.A. eeping clear ofB. suffering fromC. looing forward toD. running away from6. Hainan its blue sy and fresh air. So it is. That s why more and more visitorsspend their h

21、olidays here.A. is wea in B. is famous for C. is use to专项提升单句语法填空1. He wants ( put ) up some signs asing for old toys.2. Maria plans ( be ) a teacher because she loves children.3. I want to learn more about how ( care ) for animals.4. They will get together ( discuss ) this question.5. Weneed to mae

22、more young people ( learn ) shadowpuppet (木偶) plays so that it won t disappear in China.6. That is the only way we can imagine ( reduce ) the waste of waterin the bathroom.7. Last year, she decided ( try ) out for a volunteer after-school readingprogram.8. Would you lie ( go ) and have a picnic with

23、 us tomorrow?9. She hopes ( be ) a volunteer during this summer vacation.10. Please promise ( not tell ) lies any more, will you?能力提升单项填空11. The girl was made her brother s clothes.A. to wash B. wash C. washing12. Mysister with myparents dumplings whenI got homeyesterday evening.A. are maing B. is m

24、aing C. was maing D. were maing13. Who your pet dogs while you were out for a holiday?My neighbor, a warm-hearted woman.A. put on B. looed after C. gave up D. turned off14. Our teacher a booshelf at the bac of our classroom to mae a smallreading corner.A. piced up B. put up C. too up D. got up15. Th

25、e light went out suddenly. It was very dar and could be seen clearly.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything16. How do you lie this speech?I lie it very much and it can me to achieve my dream.A. cheer; up B. connect; with C. let; down D. tae; up17. On my way home, I saw a granny (奶奶)fall d

26、own. I offered help first andthen the police.A. called up B. cared for C. cheered up D. found out答案：基础巩固：1-6 DADCCB专项提升：1. to put 2. to be 3. to care 4. to discuss 5. learn 6. to reduce7. to try 8. to go 9. to be 10. not to tell能力提升：1-5 ACBBC 6-7 AAUnit 3 重点语法教学目标：掌握Could you please.?句型的用法Could you

27、please.?句型( 1 ) 请求别人帮忙做某事时通常用此句型，也可以说：Can you .please? 情态动词 could 或 can 在这里均表示请求，在意思上无区别，但是用could 比 can 在语气上更显得委婉、客气、诚恳。在日常生活中常使用Could you / I.?若在句末加上 please ，则显得更礼貌。Could you please help me find my boo, please?你能帮我找到我的书吗？( 2 ) 对 Could you / I.? 的问句做出肯定回答，常用“Sure/Certainly/Ofcourse. ”等；如果做否定回答，常用“So

28、rry./ Oh, please don t. ”一般不用 no开头，用no 显得语气生硬、不礼貌。Could you give me a bottle of orange juice, please?Sure. Here you are.Could you carry the bo for me?Sorry, I can t. I m busy now.( 3 ) 表示请求的其他句式：Would you please lie to do sth.?Would you mind doing sth.?Let s do sth.Shall I / we do sth.?Please do sth

29、.典型例题基础巩固1. Hi, Jac! Could you come to our English party?Sorry, I . I have to loo after my little sister at home.A. must B. could C. can t2. Jeff, could you tell me how to order a tai through“ Didi.A. You re welcome B. Sure C. Tae it easy D. It doesn t matter3. Could I borrow your bie please?A. Of c

30、ourse you can B. It doesn t matterC.Yes, I d love to D. No, than you4. Could you please sweep the floor? I m going to coo dinner?. I ll do it at once, Mom.5. Could I use your pencil for a moment, please?A. Sure B. Really C. Right D. It doesn t matter专项提升用 can t , could, must 与 have to 填空6. you lend

31、me some money?Sure. How much do you need?7. you please clean the living room 、-Sorry, I. I do my homewor now.8. Li Yundi play the piano very well then he was 7 years old.9. - Could I go out for dinner 、-No, you do your homewor.10. - What about seeing a new film this evening?-I am afraid I. I finish

32、my math eercises this evening.答案：1-5 CBADA6. Could 7. Could; can' t; have to/ must 8. could 9. have to / must 10. can' t; have to/ mustUnit 4 重点语法教学目标：掌握表达建议的常考句型。掌握连词until, so that 及although引导的状语从句的用法1 .提建议的常用表达(1 ) 常用表达Whydon' t you do sth.? 相当于 Whynot do sth.? 意为“你为什么不做某事呢？” 。Why don&

33、#39; t you tal to your parents? = Why not tal to your parents?What/ How about ( doing ) sth.? 意为“(做)某事怎么样 / 好吗？ ”。What/ How about having dinner with me?Let ' s do sth. 意为“咱们做某事吧”。Let' s mae a birthday card for her.You should ( not ) do sth. 意为“你(不)应该做某事”You should ( not ) do more eercise.You

34、' d better ( not ) do sth. 意为“你最好(不)做某事”。You' d better ( not ) go out. Would you lie sth./to do sth.?意为“你想要某物/做某事吗”Would you lie to have a try?You could do sth. 意为“你可以做某事”。You could write to her.(2 ) 常用答语肯定回答Goodidea! / That' s a good idea! O. / All right. / Great. / Yes. Please./ I '

35、; d love to.No problem./ Sounds good/ great./ I agree with you.否定回答I don ' t thin so.I ' d love/ lie to, but I have to.That sounds boringI ' m afraidSorry, I can ' t./ Sorry, but.2 .连tuntil, so that 及although引导的状语从句(1 ) not. until.的用法until意为“直到.”。单独使用时，until和till通常可以互换使用，但要注意 的是till一

36、般只用于句中，而until即可以放在句首，也可以放在旬末。The noise of the street didn ' t stop until midnight.He lived with his parents until/ till he graduated from college.注意：当主句的动词为非延续性动词时，要用notuntil结构；当主句的动词为延续性动词时，可用till 或until 。(2 ) so that引导的目的或结果状语从句so that 意为“以便”，引导目的状语从句时，一般放在主句后，且不用逗号隔开。 目的状语从句表示动机(即一种可能性)，而非事实。

37、因此，从句中常含有 can, will, could, would, should等情态动词。He too a tai so that he could get there earlier.so that意为“以致于；结果”，引导结果状语从句，陈述的是客观事实，常常不带 情态动词。I studied English hard so that I passed the English eam.(3 ) although conj. 虽然做连词时，although和though通常可以相互转换。Although/ though she smiled, she was angry.although

38、常放在从句的开头，当用连接词语或短语时，though更为常用且位置灵 活，不仅局限在开头。Wiser though poorer尽管穷一些但更有头脑以下情况只用though oa.与even连用时用though表示强调，这里的even though = even if，意为“即使也b.当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时，通常用 though,而不用although。Though all the world were against me, I should still hold to my opinion.就算全世界都反对我，我还是坚持我的观点。c. Though可以独立用作副词，常放在句末，意为

39、“还是，仍然，可是，然而” .It ' s hard wor. I enjoy it, though.though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装，而 although引导的让步状语从句则不能。Bravely though they fought, they had no chance of winning.注意： although 和 though 在句中不能与but 连用，但可与副词yet 连用。即句中用了although 或 though 就不能再使用but 了。Although it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.基础练习1

40、. invite Tom and Sally to the party tonight?Good idea. I ll give them a call right now.A. Why B. Why not C. What about2. We can invite Nic and Nora to Shanghai Disneyland with us.? I ll give them a call right now.A. Why not B. What for C. Why D. What3. The group had to wait after 12 to chec in at th

41、e hotel.A. from B. until C. for D. at4. The little boy is saving every coin he can buy his mother a presenton Mother s Day.A. even if B. so that C. as soon as5. “ A white elephant ” means something that is useless, it may costa lot of money.A. unless B. until C. since D. although6. Did you win the g

42、ame yesterday?Not really. we all tried our best, we lost it.A. If B. Though C. Unless专项提升用适当的连词填空1. they may not succeed, they will try their best.2. He will come here right away he hears the news.3. Tom new nothing about it his sister told him.4. The teacher speas very loudly all the students can h

43、ear her.5. We can easily become unhappy we wor out our problems in our dailylife.能力提升1. What a fine day! Let s go fishing. When shall we go?A. Very well B. Good idea C. Well done D. My pleasure2. How do you lie your new school, ate?It is very clean and beautiful it is a bit small.A. if B. since C. u

44、nless D. although3. I didn t accept his help I wanted to try it myself.A. because B. though C. until D. unless4. I looed through my test paper again and again I wouldn t mae anymistaes.A. so B. because C. so that答案：基础练习1-6 BABBDB专项提升1. Although/ though 2. as soon as 3. until 4. so that 5. unless能力提升

45、1-4 BDACUnit 5 重点语法教学目标：掌握过去进行时的用法及跟一般过去时的区别掌握when和while用法及区别1.过去进行时(1 ) 过去进行时的用法。过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作，由“was / were+现在分词”构成。现以动词wor为例，其肯定式、否定式和疑问句式见下表：白式否定式I/ He / She was woring.We/ You/ They were woring.I / He / It was not woring.We / You / They were not woring.疑问式和简略回答Was I woring?Yes,

46、you were.No, you were not.Were you woring?Yes, I was.No, I wasn ' tWas he/ she/ it woring?Yes, he/ she/ it was.No, he/ she/ it wasn t.Were we/ you/ they woring?Yes, you/ we/ they were.No, you/ we/ they weren' t.表示过去进行时的时间状语有： at that time, this time yesterday, at ten yesterday evening, from

47、eight to twelve yesterday 以及 when, while 弓I导的时间状语从旬。It was raining at 6 o ' cloc this morning.What were you doing this time last night?He was sleeping when the UFO arrived.(2 )与一般过去时的区别。表示已完成的动作用一般过去时，未完成的动作则可用过去进行时。I wrote a letter this morning.I was writing a letter this morning.一般过去时侧重于叙述事实，过

48、去进行时则侧重于动作的持续性，从而更具描绘性。It snowed last night. It ' s all white outside now.It was snowing last night, so it was very cold.两个动作同时发生时，较短的动作可用一般过去时，而较长时间的动作可以用过去 进行时表示。Mom was taling with Sue ' s teacher when Sue entered the room.2. When与while的区别Whenffi while都可以引导时间状语从句，表示“当.时候”，但是二者之间又有区别。(1 )

49、when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是非延续性动词，也可以是延续性动词， 而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。I was watching TV when you called me.It began to rain while we were waling in the par.(2 ) when 说明从何动作和主句动作可同时发生，也可先后发生。而 while强调主句 动作在从何动作发生的过程中同时发生。When the pot fell to pieces, the girl began to realie that she was not alone.( 3 ) when 或 w

50、hile 引导的时间状语从句可以相互改写，但while 引导的句子常用进行时态。When they came in, the girl was dancing.= While the girl was dancing, they came in.( 4 ) while 还可以做并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示“对比关系”，有轻微的转折之意。She is very outgoing, while her sister is a little shy.基础巩固1. My mother dinner when I got home yesterday.A. has cooed B. was cooin

51、g C. will coo D. coos2. The engineers a new computer in our classroom the whole yesterdaymorning, so we had our classes in the school hall.A. were fiing B. fied C. have fied D. are fiing3. I got home, my sister was doing her homewor.A. When B. Because C. If D. Though专项提升一、用when或while填空1. I came in,

52、she was writing a letter.2. I was sleeping, a thief went into my house.3. He was singing I was writing.4. I got to Beijing, I called up Lily first.5. They were singing we were dancing.二、单句语法填空6. We ( do ) our homewor at 840 last Sunday.7. She ( read ) at that time.8. They ( watch ) TV from 8 to 10 l

53、ast night.9. When my father came in, I ( sing ).10. you ( read ) the newspaper when the phone rang?能力提升一、单项填空11. Where were you when I called?I on the bed.A. lied B. was lying C. lay D. was lieing12. Steve TV in the living room when his mother came in.A. was watching B. watches C. is watching13. He

54、newspaper when the earthquae happened in Japan.A. was looing throughB. looed throughC. had looed through4. Could you tell me where you found Miss Gao just now?Certainly. In the principal s office. They happily at that time.A. are taling B. have taled C. were taling5. I was writing a letter she was m

55、aing a telephone call.A. while B. when C. before二、根据汉语意思完成句子。6. 上星期六上午9 点我在做作业。I at nine o cloc last Saturday morning.7. 当托尼在玩电脑游戏的时候，汤姆在看杂志Tom was reading the magaine while Tony computer games.8. 我昨天晚上回时，妈妈正在厨房做饭。When I came bac yesterday evening, my mother .9. 他们过几天就动身去伦敦了。They London a few days later.10. 那时她没在看电视。She at that moment.答案：基础巩固1-3 BAA专项提升1. When 2. When/ While 3. while 4. When 5. while 6. were doing 7. was reading 8. were watching 9. was singing 10. Were; reading 能力提升1-5 BAACA6. was doing my homewor 7. was playing 8. was cooing in the itchen 9. were leaving for