游褒禅山记练习

1、游褒禅山记基础训练一、选择题1 下列各组句子中加粗词的意义相同的一项是p华山之阳A 丿阳奉阴违余亦悔其随之而不得极夫游之乐也B *一肌一容，尽态极妍'古人之观于天地，山川，往往有得C * 世之奇伟，非常之观，常在于险远今言“华”如“华实”之“华”者，盖音谬也D 丿戶世之谬其传而莫能名2 对下列加粗词意义的分析正确的一项是于人为可讥而在己为有悔'无物以相之、巫医乐师百工之人不耻相师A. 相同，也相同B. 不同，相同C. 相同，不同D. 各不相同，也各不相同3 下列句中的加粗词的释义全都正确的一组是A. 有碑仆道仆：倒 褒之庐冢也 庐冢：也作庐墓。B. 其文漫灭 文：碑上残存的文字

2、 有穴窈然 窈然：深远幽暗 的样子。C. 有怠而欲出者 怠：穷困 咎其欲出者 咎：责怪D. 夫夷以近夷：铲平火尚足以明也明：明亮4下列句中的加粗词的意义相同的两项是A. 以其乃华山之阳名之也 B .后世之谬其传而莫能名者C. 不名一文D. 人有百口，口有百舌，不能 名其一处也5 选出与“以子之道，移之官理，可乎”中的“道”字用法相同的 一项是A. 何可胜道也哉B. 策之不以其道C距洞百余步，有碑仆道D.从郦山下，道芷阳间行6下列各句中的“然”意义和用法不同于其他的一项是 A. 然视其左右，来而记之者已少B. 由山以上五六里，有穴窈 然C. 然力不足者，亦不能至也。D. 然力足以至焉，于人为可讥

3、，而在己为有悔7 下列句中加粗词与例句中加粗词的用法相同的一项是 又以悲夫古书 之 不存 A 余之力尚足以入B 后世 之 谬其传而莫能名者C 不可以不深思而慎取 之也D 入之愈深，其进愈难8 下列各句加粗的词， 与“唐浮图慧褒始舍于其址” 中的“舍”字， 在用法上不同的一句是 A 以故其后 名之曰“褒禅”B 朝服衣冠C 盖其又深，则 其至 又加少矣D 沛公欲 王关中，使子婴为相9 下列各句中的加粗词不属于意动用法的一句是 A 吾妻之 美 我者，私我也 B 孔子 师郯子、苌弘、师襄、老聃 C 朔文辞不逊，高自称誉，上 伟之D 火尚足以 明也10 诵读时，句中停顿不当的一句是 A 尽吾志也 / 而

4、不能至者，可以 / 无悔矣，其 / 孰能讥之乎？B 余于 / 仆碑，又以悲 /夫古书之不存，后世之谬 / 其传而莫能名 者，何 / 可胜道也哉！C 余/ 亦悔其随之 / 而不得极夫游之乐也。D 以其求思之深 / 而无不在也。二、常识填空11 本文选自，作者，字，号，封荆国公，世称 。谥“文” ，又称 北宋 家、家。12 “余第安国平父”中的“父” ，通“”，是古代在男子名字下加的美称；“渔父”中的“父” ，是对 。三、翻译13尽吾志也而不能至者，可以无悔矣，其孰能讥之乎？ 译：14余于仆碑，又以悲夫古书之不存，后世之谬其传而莫能名者， 何可胜道也哉！译：参考答案1B 2 C 3 A 4 B、D

5、 5 B 6 B 7 B 8 C 9 D 10 B 11临川先生文集，王安石、介甫、政治家、文学家。 12甫、对老年人的尊称。13译：尽了自己的努力却不能到达的人，就可以没有悔恨了。难 道谁还会讥笑他吗？14译：我对于那倒在地上的石碑，又因此叹惜那古代书籍的失传， 后代人弄错了它流传的文字，而没有人能够说明白的事情，哪能说得完 呢？拓展测试1选出下列句中加粗词活用不同类的一项（）A. 唐浮图慧褒始舍于其址B.以其乃华山之阳名之也C. 后世之谬其传而莫能名者D.盖其又深，则其至又加少矣2选出与“其孰能讥之乎”中“其”的意义用法相同的一项（）D 一之谓甚， 其可再乎？ ）A. 距其院东五里B.以其

6、求思之深而无不在也C.余亦悔其随之而不得极夫游之乐也3选出不是判断句的一项（A. 今所谓慧空禅院者，褒之庐冢也B. 褒禅山亦谓之华山C. 此余之所得也D 此所以学者不可以不深思而慎取之也4 下列各句中，加粗词的意义与现代汉语相同的一项是 （）A 此所以学者不可以不深思而慎取之也B 而世之奇伟、瑰怪、 非常之观，常在于险远，而人之所罕至焉C 所谓华山洞者，以其乃华山之阳名之也D 至于幽暗昏惑而无物以相之5 选出对加粗词语解说有误的一项（）A 唐浮图慧褒始舍于其址。浮图，梵语 （古印度语）音译，也写作“浮屠” 或“佛图”，本意是佛或佛教徒，这里指和尚。B 今所谓慧空禅院者，褒之 庐冢 也。庐冢，也

7、叫做“庐墓” ，古时为了表 示孝顺父母或尊敬师长， 在他们死后服丧期间， 为守护坟墓而盖的屋舍。C 以其乃华山之 阳名之也。阳：古时称山的南面，水的北面。D 此所以 学者不可以不深思而慎取之也。学者：此文“学者”与师说中古之“学者”的意义相同，同现代汉语 中的“学者”也相同。阅读下面的文言文，完成69题。于是余有叹焉。古人之观于天地、山川、草木、虫鱼、鸟兽，往往有得， 以其求思之深而无不在也。夫夷以近，则游者众；险以远，则至者少。而世之 奇伟、瑰怪、非常之观，常在于险远，而人之所罕至焉。故非有志者不能至也。 有志矣，不随以止也，然力不足者，亦不能至也，有志与力，而又不随以怠， 至于幽暗昏惑而无

8、物以相之，说不能至也。然力足以至焉，于人为可讥，而在 己为有悔；尽吾志也而不能至者，可以无悔矣，其孰能讥之乎？此余之所得也 余于仆碑，又以悲夫古书之不存，后世之谬其传而莫能名者，何可胜道也 哉！此所以学者不可以不深思而慎取之也。6. 下列句子中加粗的词语解释不正确的一项是（）A. 夫夷以近，则游者众夷：平坦B. 而世之奇伟、瑰怪、非常之观观：观看C. 而人之所罕至焉罕：少D. 后世之谬其传而莫能名者名：说出真相7. “然力足以至焉，于人为可讥，而在己为有悔”一句，联系前文，根据 “深思慎取”的精神，作者论述有遗漏的词句吗？如有，试完整地补出来。8. 对本段有关内容的理解，不正确的一项是（）A.

9、 这一段提示了志、力、物三者的辩证关系，体现了作者既重视主观努力， 又重视客观条件的相互辩证唯物主义思想。B. “其孰能讥之乎”是一个反问句，与前面内容联系看，还是说明“尽吾志”的重要性。C. 用对比和层层深入的方法说理，所阐述的道理具有普遍意义。D. 作者用了象征的手法，深刻地揭示了对人生和事业的追求，也是需要有 坚定的志向。9 .将文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。 至于幽暗昏惑而无物以相之，亦不能至也。 此所以学者不可以不深思而慎取之也。参考答案：1 . D （“至”是动词用作名词，其他是名词用作动词）2. D （例句中的“其”与D项中的“其”都用作副词，表反诘语气。其他三项中的“其”都用

10、作代词）3 . B 4 . C （A中“所以”表原因，B中“非常”是“不同寻常”的意思。 D项中“至 于”是“到，”的意思）5 . D 6 . B （观，景观）7 .“然力足以至焉”（而未至）8 . D （属于“无中生有”）9 .到了幽深昏暗、叫人迷乱的地方，却没有 外物来帮助他，也不能达到目的地。这就是治学的人不能不深思熟虑和谨慎择 取的原因。1 .下列各句中加点字注音有误的是（）A.今言“华（hud）如“华实”之“华”者，盖音谬也。B .由山以上五六里，有穴窈（ydo）然。C 后世之谬其传而莫能名者，何可胜（shmg）道也哉。D .至于幽暗昏惑而无物以相（xi dng）之。 2选出下列句中

11、加点词活用不同类的一项（ ）A. 唐浮图慧褒始舍于其址B .以其乃华山之阳名之也C .后世之谬其传而莫能名者D .盖其又深，则其至又加少矣3.选出下列各句中“以”是介词的一项（ ）A夫夷以近，则游者众B. 秦贪，负其强，以空言求璧C .余与四人拥火以入D. 以其求思之深而无不在也4 下列句中“观”字词性不同的一项是（ ）A 而世之奇伟、瑰怪、非常之观，常在于险远，而人之所罕至焉B 大王见臣列观C. 此则岳阳楼之大观也D .古人之观于天地、山川、虫鱼、鸟兽，往往有得 5下列各句中，加粗词的意义与现代汉语相同的一项是（）A 此所以 学者不可以不深思而慎取之也B 而世之奇伟、瑰怪、 非常 之观，常在

12、于险远，而人之所罕至焉 C 所谓 华山洞者，以其乃华山之阳名之也D. 至于幽暗昏惑而无物以相之 6下列各句中加点的词没有活用现象的一句是（）A 其下平旷，有泉 侧 出B 有志矣，不随以 止 也C.火尚足以明也D 至于幽暗昏惑 而无物以相之7 选出句中“者”的用法不同于其他三项的一项是（ ）A 今所谓慧空禅院者，褒之庐冢也B 其下平旷，有泉侧出，而记游者甚众C 既其出，则或咎其欲出者D 然力不足者，亦不能至也8 下列句子的句中停顿，不正确的一项是（ ）A 后世之谬其传 | 而莫能名者，何可胜道也哉B 嗟乎！师道之不传 | 也久矣C 入之甚寒，问其深，则 |其好游者 |不能穷也，谓之后洞D 此所以

13、 |学者|不可以|不深思而慎取之也期中复习Unit Oneeven though, make a promise, keep/break the promise, do well/badly in, get straight A 's, keep one's word,(Word came that, have a word with sb, have words with sb), despite +n./the factthat.,My dream was to see, in the Christmas vacation, (at Christmas, on Christ

14、mas day), take a shuttle bus, back and forth (up and down), be dying to do sth/for sth, resort, check in at the hotel, overlook, can'wtait to do, for the first time, (The first time .), instructor, tip, so that + may/can, in case, to be honest, a great success, keep on doing, definitely, managed

15、 to do, be pleased with, nevertheless, go skiingthe Olympic Games/the Olympics, every four years, athlete, compete in sth with sb for sth, participate in, refer to, a series of, event, require sb to do sth, involve, take place, all-round, endurance (endure sth/doing sth), be equal in sth, in many wa

16、ys, motto, desire to do sth, (desire sth, desire sb to do sth), humanity, soarUnit Tworegarding (concerning), tutor, tutorial center, fee, reasonable, have a good command of English, *My command of English has improved greatly since I started. Sth qaualify sb to do sth/ as/for, sb be qualified to do

17、 sth/as/for, have confidence in sth, be confident of sth, cheat , It 's better to do A than to do B, money-making tutorial center, be forced to do, furthermore, supplementary exercises, It 's no use/good doing sth, ask sb for advice, as a result of=because of, enroll on a course, many good t

18、echniques for developing language and study skills, do some detective work, *The most important thing is whether you are willing be learn and to work hard. The key factor is yourself. (lie in, consist in), be willing to dosolution to the problem, those who ,describeas (n./adj.), If it is convenient

19、to/for sb, at one's own pace, make comments on sth, on one 'sown, adapt sb to sth, self-discipline, hard work, not everyone (部分否定 )， receive a real sense of achievement and satisfactionUnit ThreeGive a presentation on sth, mean by,(sth be meant for), trend, illustrate my point, afford sth/to

20、 do sth, * The + 比较级(adj./adv/adj.+n.), the+ 比较级，quality/quantity, be keen on, sights,appreciate sth/doing sth (I 'd appreciate it very much if you could ), search for, It's a waste of time and money doing sth/ for sb to do sth, ruin (ruins), affect (v. ), As a result, become/go extinct, (ex

21、tinction), award sb sth for sth, the Nobel Prize for Peace, as usual, possession (possess), remind sb of sth/to do sth/that )go against tradition, sth/sb prove to be, be linked to, peer pressure, raise the academic level, meet strong resistance from, complain to sb about sth, keep sb from doing sth,

22、 individuality, go to court, It is likely/unlikely that sb be likely/unlikely to do, (be more likely to do)期末复习Unit 41. staff n.The school' teach ing staff is/are excelle nt.The sales departme nt has a staff of 15.2.n.Vt.Adj.impressi on make/leave a good impressi on on sbimpresssth impress sbsb

23、impress sb with sth be impressed withimpressiveThe girl impressed her new classmates with her liveli ness and sense of humor.2. read vt. vi.I can read your thoughts from your face.The thermometer reads zero degrees. The n ame reads Ben son" n ot Fenton”.* read between the lines体会字里行间的意思，领会言外之意3

24、. set up vt.A fund will be set up for stude nts in less developed areas.4. expa nd v.She expa nded her store by addi ng a sec ond room.5. launch vt.We are going to launch an in vestigati on into the spe nding habits of tee nagers in our city.6. take over占领，接管When Mr Smith fell ill, his daughter took

25、 over the bus in ess from him.7. sta nd forThe UN stands for the Uni ted States.8. establish vt.Established in 1955, this training in stitute has over 46 bran ches around the world.9. as well asWilliam Shakespeare was a great poet as well a great playwright.A as well as B, A 为重点A and B as well B 为重点

26、10. personnel n. (pl).For lack of skilled pers onn el, the compa ny fin ally had to close down.12.n.Vt.Adj.doubtThere is no doubt thatno doubtwithout doubt=un doubtedlydoubtI doubt whether I don' doubt that Do you doubt that ?doubtfulNo doubt, his hon esty regard ing the matter will help him win

27、 the people ' trust.11. sb be likely to do= It is likely thatThe man ager is likely to be very busy tomorrow.12. of some kindIn Shan ghai, one can find a restaura nt of some kind at n early every street corner.13. applia neen.This shop sells household applia nces, such as ove ns and wash ing mac

28、h in es.14. meet one's needs/demandMost pare nts will do almost anything to meet their childre n 'sreas on able n eeds.17.n.vi.rangea wide range ofa mountain rangerangerange in from to a wide range ofThis book store offers a wide range of books for kids.Sth range infrom to The children '

29、sages range from 5 to 15.15. well-lit adj.At ni ght, the park is well-lit, making it safe to take a stroll in.an un lighted cigarettelight up vt.点燃，点亮 vi.（脸）喜形于色，喜笑颜开，Her eyes lit up whe n she saw me.16. operate vi.The new compa ny is operat ing very smoothly.Unit 51. tha nks toThanks to your help,

30、we have finished the project on time.2. reach outJack reached out and caught the ball.3. en able, en able sb to do sthNursing homes en able the elderly to spe nd the rest of their lives happily.4. disti nguish vt.People who are color-bli nd cannot dist in guish betwee n red and gree n.The twins are

31、so much alike that it is hard to distinguish them from each other.5. observeobserve sb do/d oing sthThey were observed en teri ng the bank.6. manu facture vt.manu facturer n.Their compa ny manu factures ladies 'dress which have beautiful desig ns and are of high quality.7. in spect v.in spect io

32、nn.in spector n.The immigrati on officer in spected every one 's passport carefully.8. concerned adj.As leader of the compa ny, he is very concerned about future developme nt.All the people concerned enjoyed their after noon visit to the museum.As far as I'm concern ed= in my opi nion9.n.Vt.

33、Adj.criticcriticizecriticalcriticismcriticize sb about sthThe film critics have been invited to attend the premiere of the film.9. medium n. media (pl.) Sound travels through the medium of air.The media have a lot of power today .Although TV has become very popular, n ewspapers still rema in a power

34、ful medium/.10. commit vt.He deserved his punishment, for he had committed many horrible crimes against society.12.n.vi.Adjexperime ntcon duct/carry out an experime ntexperime ntexperiment with new materialsexperime nt on ani malsexperime ntalAfter experime nti ng doze ns of times, the scie ntists e

35、ven tually found the right material for the new product.13. for sureAt least one thi ng is for sure: there was nothing wrong with her eyesight.* image, artificial, thrill,1. perform vt.performa nee n.performer n.We con gratulated on her winning a gold medal with her fine performa nee.Mother was worr

36、ied because Tom often performed badly in class.2. curre ntlyadvcurre nt adj.Folk music is currently enjoying renewed popularity.3. equip v.equipme nt n. (u.)n.Vt.equipme nt(u.)equip sb with sth be equipped with sthWe should make better use of the equipme nt.Each classroom in our school is equipped w

37、ith a projecter.4. before long = within a short timeAlice found it hard to com muni cate with her classmates at first, but before long she made quite a few good frien ds.*long before (adv./prep./conj.)5. remove v. remove from She used a piece of cloth to remove the mud from her dress.6. stay healthy7. in the directi onUnit 61. dream ofHe dreams of build ing the most beautiful house in the future.2. com