英文summary写作范例

1、ArticleChildrenMustbeTaughttoTellRightfromWrongWilliamKilpatrickManyoftodaysyoungpeoplehaveadifficulttimeseeinganymoraldimension（道德层面）totheiractions.Thereareanumberofreasonswhythatstrue,butnonemoreprominentthanafailedsystemofeducationthateschews（回避）teachingchildrenthetraditionalmoralvaluesthatbindAm

2、ericanstogetherasasocietyandaculture.Thatfailedapproach,called“decision-making,”wasintroducedinschools25yearsago.Ittellschildrentodecideforthemselveswhatisrightandwhatiswrong.Itreplaced“charactereducation.（品格教育）”Charactereducationdidntaskchildrentoreinventthemoralwheel（浪费时间重新发明早已存在的道德标准）;instead,ite

3、ncouragedthemtopracticehabitsofcourage,justiceandself-control.Inthe1940s,whenacharactereducationapproachprevailed,teachersworriedaboutstudentschewinggum;todaytheyworryaboutrobberyandrape.Decision-makingcurriculumsposethorny（棘手的）ethicaldilemmastostudents,leavingthemwiththeimpressionthatallmoralityisp

4、roblematicandthatallquestionsofrightandwrongareindispute.Youngstersareforcedtoquestionvaluesandvirtuestheyveneveracquiredinthefirstplaceoruponwhichtheyhaveonlyatenuous（薄弱的）hold.Theassumptionbehindthismethodisthatstudentswillarriveatgoodmoralconclusionsifonlytheyaregiventhechance.Buttheactualresultis

5、moralconfusion.Forexample,arecentnationalstudyof1,700sixth-toninth-gradersrevealedthatamajorityofboysconsideredrapetobeacceptableundercertainconditions.Astoundingly,manyofthegirlsagreed.Thiskindofmoralilliteracyisfurtherencouragedbyvalues-education（价值观教育）programsthatarelittlemorethancoursesinself-es

6、teem（自尊）.Theseprogramsarebasedonthequestionableassumptionthatachildwhofeelsgoodabouthimselforherselfwontwanttodoanythingwrong.Butitisjustasreasonabletomakeanoppositeassumption:namely,thatachildwhohasuncriticalself-regardwillconcludethatheorshecantdoanythingbad.Suchnaiveself-acceptanceresultsinlargep

7、artfromthenon-directive（无指导性的）,non-judgmental（无是非观的）,as-long-as-you-feel-comfortable-with-your-choicesmentality（思想）thathaspervaded（渗透）publiceducationforthelasttwoandone-halfdecades.Manyoftodaysdrugeducation,sexeducationandvalues-educationcoursesarebasedonthesame1960sphilosophythathelpedfueltheexplos

8、ioninteendruguseandsexualactivityinthefirstplace.Meanwhile,whileeducatorsarestillfiddlingwith（胡乱摆弄）outdated“feel-good”approaches,NewYork,Washington,andLosAngelesareburning.Youngstersareleavingschoolbelievingthatmattersofrightandwrongarealwaysmerelysubjective.Ifyoupassastrangeronthestreetanddecidetom

9、urderhimbecauseyouneedmoneyifitfeelsrightyougowiththatfeeling.Clearly,murderisnottaughtinourschools,butsuchaconclusionjustaboutanyconclusioncanbereachedandjustifiedusingthedecision-makingmethod.Itistimetoconsign（寄出）thefads（风尚）of“decision-making”and“non-judgmentalism”totheashheapoffailedpolicies,andr

10、eturntoaprovedmethod.Charactereducationprovidesamuchmorerealisticapproachtomoralformation.Itisbuiltonanunderstandingthatwelearnmoralitynotbydebatingitbutbypracticingit.SampleSummaryofChildrenMustbeTaughttoTellRightfromWrong”InhisessayChildrenMustbeTaughttoTellRightfromWrong,"WilliamKilpatrickar

11、guesferventlythatthedecision-making"approachtothemoraleducationofAmericanyouth,whichreplacedcharactereducation"25yearsago,haspreventedjuvenilesfrombehavingandthinkinginaccordancewiththetraditionalmoralprinciplesthatarefundamentaltoAmericansociety.AccordingtoKilpatrick,decision-makingmethod

12、sinstillinstudentsawrongbeliefthatallnormsofmoralityaresubjectiveconstructswithonlyrelativetruthinthemandthereforecanbeinterpretedflexiblyandevenquestioned.Thisbeliefdeprivesthemofthechancetosecuresolidmoralstandardsandinducesmisconceptionsaboutwhatshouldbeclearlyrightorwrong.Inparallelwiththisinade

13、quacyofthedecision-making"approacharetheunexpectedoutcomesofthosevalues-educationprogramsfocusingonstudents'self-esteemthatsubscribetothenon-judgmental"mindsetdominatingdecision-making"curriculums.Theirmistakenassumptionthatfeelinggoodwarrantsmoralityexcusesstudentsfromcriticizinganddiscipliningtheirownbehaviors.Basinghisconclusiononhisanalysisofthefundamentalflawsofthedecision-makingapproac