英语句子种类概述练习及答案

1、英语句子种类概述练习及答案L按使用目的，句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。1)陈述句(DeclarativeSentences)：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。例如:Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光比声传播速度快。(说明事实)Thefilmisratherboring.这部电影很乏味。(说明看法)2)疑问句(InterrogativeSentences)：提出问题。有以下四种:a.一般疑问句(GeneralQuestions)：Canyoufinishtheworkintime?你能按时完成工作吗?b.特殊疑问句(Wh-Questions)：Wheredoyou

2、live?你住那儿？c.选择疑问句(AlternativeQuestions)：Doyouwantteaorcoffee?你是要茶还是要咖啡？d.反意疑问句(Tag-Questions)：Hedoesn'tknowher,doeshe?他不认识她,对不对？3)祈使句(ImperativeSentences)：提出请求,建议或发出命令。例如：Don'tbenervous!别紧张！4)感叹句(ExclamatorySentences)：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。例如：Whatgoodnewsitis!多好的消息啊！2 .句子按其结构可以分为以下三类：1)简单句(Simple

3、Sentences)：只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句。例如：Sheisfondofcollectingstamps.她喜欢集邮。2)并列句(CompoundSentences)：包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句，句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接。例如:Thefoodwasgood,buthehadlittleappetite.食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口。3)复合句(ComplexSentences)：包含一个主句和一个或儿个从句的句子叫复合句,从句由从属连词引导。例如：Thefilmhadbegunwhenwegottothecinema.我们到达电影院的时候，电影已经开演了。3

4、 .基本句型：英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的：1）主动(SV)例如：Iwork.我工作。2)主+动+表(SVP)例如：Johnisbusy.约翰忙。3)主+动宾(SVO)例如：ShestudiesEnglish.她学英语。4)主+动+宾+补(SVOC)例如：Timewouldprovemeright.时间会证明我是对的。5）主+动+间宾+直宾（SVOiOd）例如：Mymothermademeanewdress.我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。第二十二章简单句和并列句一概念（一）简单句由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）所构成的句子叫简单句，其结构

5、是主语+谓语。（二）并列句由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而乂互相独立的独句（即简单句）连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句常用的连词有and,but,ornotonly.butalso,neither.nor,either.or二.相关知识点精讲（一）简单句1 .主语、谓语在人称与数上的一致性。and连接两个并列主语时为复数，谓语动词也相应地使用复数形式，但:(1)如果and连接的两个名词是不可数名词且前面都没有冠词，若两个词表示一个事物或一个概念，谓语动词要用单数；如果两个词表示的是两个事物或两个概念，谓语动词则要用复数。(2)如果and连接的是两个可数单数

6、名词，前一个有冠词，后一个没有冠词，意味着一个人或事物，谓语动词要用单数。(3)当and连接的两个名词前都有each,every,manya,no等单数概念的限定词修饰时(第二个名词前的修饰词有时可以省略)，谓语动词要用单数。2 .陈述句与疑问句的转换。3 .选择疑问句。4 .反意疑问句。(1)陈述句+省略问句(2)祈使句+附加疑问句(1)反意疑问句的回答(二)并列句并列句分为:联合并列句，转折并列句，选择并列句和因果并列句1 .联合并列句常由并列词and,notonly.butalso.等连接如:Useyourhand,andyouTllfindaway.2 .转折并列句常由并列连词but,

7、while,yet,whereas,nevertheless等连接如Jwouldlovetohavegonetothe注:2,3,4点内容不在这里介绍，讲参阅相关章节partylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.3 .选择疑问句常由并列连词o，otherwise,eitheor,等连接如:Eitheryouleavethishouseorrilcallthepolice4 .因果并列句由并列连词so,for,therefore等连接.如:itwaslate,sowewenthome.5 .在"祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结

8、构中，当前后两部分间为承接关系时，用and；前后意思为相反关系时，用。匚可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句，但必须将and或o去掉.如:Hurryup,andwellbethereintime.=Ifwehurryup,wellbethereintime.6 .because和so；although,though和but不能连用三.巩固练习1.Idon'tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,?A.doIB.don'tIC.willtheyD.won'tthey2.helpifyoucan,andourcountrywillimprovemo

9、requicklyandbetter.A.GivingB.GiveC.GivenD.Togive3. Lucy,youwashthedishes,?Mom,can'tLilydoit?Ifsherturntodoit.A.don'tyouB.canyouC.shallyouD.willyou4. Iwillnottakeanumbrellawithmetoday.itrainslateronintheday?A.HowB.WhatC.HowaboutD.Whatif5. Yououghttostayuplatetonight,you?Yes.Tvegottoomuchhomew

10、ork.?A.can'tB.shouldn'tC.mustn'tD.won't6. Nothingcanstopusfromservingthepeopleheartandsoul,A.canitB.can'titC.cantheyD.can'tthey7. Thereusedtobeachurchinthesmalltown,?A.usedthereB.usedn'tthereC.useditD.usedn'tit8. Sheisn'tyourneighbour,isshe?A.Yes,sheisn'tB.No,

11、sheisC.Yes,sheisD.No,isn'tshe9. tobeaPLAsoldierwhenIwasyoung.Andnowyouare.A.HowIwantedB.HowdidIwantC.WhatIwantedD.WhatdidIwant10. RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofthat11. Aftertenyears,shechangedalotandlookeddifferentfromshe

12、usedtobe.A.thatB.whomC.whatD.who12. isknowntoeveryone,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What13. He'sgothimselfintoadangeroussituationheislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why14.Informationhasbeenputforwardmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouni

13、versities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as15.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtismymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.what16. ThestudentsofthemusicschoolstudyA. musicbutalsosomeothersubjectsB. someothersubjectsaswellasmusicC. musicaswellassomeothersubjectsD. someothersubjectsandmusic17.a

14、iristoman,soiswatertofish.A.SinceB.JustC.LikeD.As18. Thereisplentyofraininthesouththereislittleinthenorth.A.whileB.asC.whenD.so19. severaltimesaboutit,buthecouldnotgivethecorrectanswer.A.BeingaskedB.HavingbeenaskedC.HewouldaskD.Hehadbeenasked20. Idon'tlikechickenfish.Idon'tlikechicken,Ilikef

15、ishverymuch.A.and；andB.and；butC.or；butD.or；and21. thedayswenton,thesituationtheregotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As22.everybodyishere,letssetoutrightaway.A.NowthatB.BecauseC.ForD.After23. Thescienceofmedicine,progresshasbeenveryrapidlately,isperhapsthemostimportantofallthesciences.A.towhichB.inwhichC

16、.whichD.withwhich24. WemustdotheexperimentcarefullyMissLiutoldus.A.whatB.sinceC.asD.while25. TonywillneverforgetthesedaysshelivedinChinawithhermother,hasagreateffectonherlife.A.that；whichB.when；whichC.which：thatD.when；that26. Iknow,theywillgotoBeijingtowatchtheOlympicGamesin2008.A.SinceB.SofarasC.In

17、caseD.Asif27. Whodoyouthinkthedoctorwillhavefirst,JohnorKate?A.examineB.toexamineC.examiningD.examined28. Whatareyouanxiousabout?A.WhetherwecansucceedB.IfwesucceedC.DowesucceedD.Thatwecansucceed29. Youshouldputthedictionaryyoucanfinditeasily.A.whereB.theplaceC.theplaceonwhichD.whatIknowit.30. Shesai

18、dtome,'TiltellyoutheresultofthetestA.becauseB.themomentC.afterD.though31. Grandpausedtotellussomethingaboutthe“CulturalRevolution”hehadtimetospare.A.assoonasB.asC.sothatD.whenever32. LiFangisverybusy,she'salwayshelpingotherswiththeirlessons.A.butB.althoughC.soD.for33. Gettingarightjobcanbedi

19、fficultthestudentspreparedtodealwiththejobinterview.A.if；won'tB.unless；willC.unless；areD.if：are34. Everythingdependsontheywillsupportyouaboutit.A.ifB.whichC.whetherD.that35. Shewonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontestandsurprisedus.A.whichB.itC.asD.who36. TheOscarisoneofthefilmprizesofferedtoanyChines

20、eactororactresssofar.A.whichisnotB.thathavenotbeenC.thathasnotD.thathasnotbeen37. Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkis38. Ifsreallyverydangerous.Onemorestep,_thebabywillfallintothewell.39. SheisAmerican,sheknowslittleabo

21、utAmericanhistory.A.soB.yetC.andD.therefore40. Informationtechnologyistaughtinmostschools,wehaveenteredtheinformationsociety.A.soB.whileC.stillD.for41. Helenmustobeyherparents.Oh,shemust,?A.mustsheB.mustn'tsheC.shouldn'tsheD.shouldshe42. Johnmustbeinthechemistrylab,?A.mustn'theB.needn'theC.isn'theD.shouldn'the43. ItwasquitealongtimeImadeitoutwhathadhappened.