直接引语变间接引语是初级中学语法宾语从句延续

1、直接引语和间接引语直接引语变间接引语是初中语法宾语从句的延续。同时学好这一语法项目 也有助于高中的名词性从句语法的学习打好基础。I 从句子类型上进行分析。1. 直接引语为陈述句。 变成间接引语时， 把陈述句变成由 that 引导的宾语从句。She said : “I 'llcome this morning. ”She said that she would come that morning.2. 直接引语为一般疑问句。变成间接引语时，要把一般疑问句变成由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句，同时将语序变成陈述语序。“Willyou take care of me?”Chuck

2、, Wilson asks if you will take care of him.3. 直接引语为特殊疑问句。变成间接引语时，要把特殊疑问句变成由特殊疑问 词引导的宾语从句，同时将语序变成陈述语序。疑问词在句中作主语或作定语 修饰主语时语序不变。“Where did you spend your holiday?” I asked her.I asked her where she had spent her holidays.4. 直接引语为祈使句。变成间接引语时，要把祈使句的动词变成带 to 的不定 式，同时根据语气选择适当的谓语动词，如 ask, tell, order 等。句型为

3、ask/tell/order sb to do sth 。主句中若有 please 时，最好用 ask 表 示。同时去掉please。否定的祈使句，要将do n't或n ever改为 not to, never to5直接引语为选择疑问句时，要使用 whether 。 or。“Will you accept or refuse theoffe r? ”He wondered whether I would accept orrefuse the offer.6直接引语为感叹句时，可用感叹词 what 或 how 作引导词，语序不变；或 者用 that 作引 导词，句子用陈述语序。Wha

4、t anHe saidinteresting what anHe saidthat itstory it is! ” interesting story was an interestingis!he said.it was.story.II 注意事项：7 变化：said to somebody后加直接引语改为 asked somebody iftold人称代词：this thatthese those时间状语：now thenago beforesomebody thatl-He she me him, her,today that dayyesterday theday beforelas

5、tweek (mon th, year)the week(m on th, year) tomorrow the n ext daybeforen extweek( mon th, year) the next(month, year)week 地点状语:here-there 动词的变化:come gobring-take 时态变化：do does didDid had doneHave done had doneIs doing was doing ©Had done had doneWilldowould do8. 直接引语如果是客观真理，名人名言或谚语或当时当地转述时，变间接引

6、 语时，时态不变。He said,“Where there is a will, there is a way.”He said that where there is a will, there is a way.9. 直接引语中如有明确的过去时间状语，则变间接引语时时态不变。Jack said, “I was born in 1990. ” Jack said that hewas born in 1990.10. 主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，变间接引语时，时态不变。Mary says,“Tom is a good boy. ” Mary says that Tomis a good bo

7、y.11. 直接引语有以when, while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句，在变间接引语时状语从句中的一般过去时不变，但主句的谓动则要改为过去完成时。She said, “Jacktoldmeall about hispastwhe nhe was questioned. ”She said thatJackhadtold him abouthispastwhen he was questi on ed.12 有些情态动词，如must，need, ought to等,无过去形式，变间接引语时，既可用原来 的形式，也可用其它的表示法，但要注意保存原来的意义。“Allmen must die, ”

8、 he said.-He said that all menmust die“I must go early, ” he said. He said that he hadto go early.III. 小试牛刀把下列句子变成间接引语：1. John said to Tom, “Come to my house tomorrow. ”2. “ Willyou come to the lecture thisafter noon? ” Sara asked Yang Mei3. “I watched a veryinterestingTV program yesterday. ” hesaid

9、 to us.4 .“ How old is your brother this year? ” Charlie ' sfriend asked him.5. He said to the boy, “Don t do that again.6. He said, “I will come here nextmonth.7. Hanks said, “I finished my work last week.8. “My brotherbegan learningEnglish two years ago. ” Tomsaid.9. “Where have you been all t

10、hese years? ” he asked me.10. “ Have you seen the movie?”he asked Chuck.11. He asked,“Who can answer the question?12. He asked,“What's the matter with you?I请选出正确的答案：1. “ You ' ve already got well, haven' t you? ” she asked.t She asked.A. if I have already got well, hadn' t youB. whet

11、her I had already got wellC. have I already got wellD. had I already got well.2. He asked ,“ Are you a Party member or a League member?t He asked me.A. am I a Party member or a League memberB. was I a Party member or a League memberC. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Part

12、y member or a League member.3. He asked,“ How are you getting along?t He asked.A. how am I gett ing alongB. how are you gett ing alongC. how I was getti ng alongD. how was I getti ng along4. He asked mewith me.A. what the matter is B. what the mater wasC. what ' s the matter D. what was the matt

13、er5. He said,“ Don ' t do that again.” Hemethat again.A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; don' t doC. told m e; don ' t do D. told me; not to do6. Can you make sure?A. that he will come here todayC. will he come here today7. Do you happe n to know?A. where is her addressC. what her a

14、ddress is8. Excuse me, but can you tell meA. where can I get to the libraryC. how can I get to the library9. Joh n asked meto visit hisA. how would I likeC. whether I would like10. I 'dike to kn owCh in ese.A. whe n he bega n to lear nC. whe n did he begi n lear ning11. 将下列句子变为间接引语：1. “ Youshoul

15、d be more careful nextB. whe n he will come here today D. whether will he come here todayB. in which place is her addressD. the place her address is ?B. where I can get to the library D. how I can get to the library uncle ' farm with him.B. if or not would I likeD. which I would likeB. whe n did

16、 he beg in to lear nD. for how long he bega n to lear ntime, "his father said to him.childre n2. Mr. Wang said,willeave for Shan ghai on bus in ess n ext month.days, "said Mary.3. "lhaven ' heard from my parents these4. The geography teacher said to us,“ Themoon moves around the e

17、arth and the earth goes round the sun. ”5. She said to him, " It time that you left here."6. Zhang Hong said to me,“ Doctor Wang passed away in 1948."7. Joh n said to his pare nts,"lhad lear ned 500 Chin ese words by the end oflast term."8. The history teacher said to them,&

18、quot; TheChinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st ,1921."9. He said, " Areyou a student? "10. " Have you anything in teresti ng I can read,George? " she said.11. " She 'here to ask for help, isn ' ste ? "he asked.12. " Where are you going? "

19、;the father asked his son.13. " Areyou sorry for what you havedone?"the mother asked the n aughty boy.14. She said, " Didyou meet this man at the station two hours ago, Mr.Li?15. " Write your names on your papersfirst, the teacher said to us.16. " Please come here againtomor

20、row, " her friend said to her.17. " Letme pack the parcel for you, " he said.18. " Don ' make so much noise in class, boys andgirls, said the teacher.19. " What a lovely day it is!"20. " Happy New Year to you! " he said.III. 把下列句子变为直接引语：1. I told him that

21、I had lost my money and that I would find it.2. She asked whether I would be free the next day or not.3.1 asked her where she was going and what she was going to do the n ext day.4. His father told him not to climb that high tree in his new coat.5. The stra nger asked me what my n ame was.6. She sai

22、d that she would finish her work the n ext day.7. The teacher asked if we could do it.8. The commander ordered his men not to cross the river before dawn.9. My teacher asked whether he was coming.4.Tellhimthewin dow.A.to shut notB.notD.notshut5.HeaskedmetherailwayA.how he could gettoC.wherehe couldg

23、etto6.Hewan tedto knowA.whatwas hern ameC.whatt hername was7.They haveno ideaatallnot toto shutC.tonotshutstatio n.B. how couldhegettoD. where couldheget toB. how was her name D. how her name was10. The scie ntist asked me what I was doing.IV.4单选练习1.Hesaidthetrainwhen hereached there,so hehadtowaitf

24、orthe n ext.A.leftB. hadleftC. was leavingD.hasleft2.HeaskedmeIcouldpick him upA.if;tomorrowB.that;tomorrowC.that;n extD.if;thenextday3.Theboywan ted toridehisbicycle in thestreet,buthis mothertold himA.nottoB. n ot todoC. n ot do itD.doA.C.8. Hewhere which toldhe has gone place has he me to make si

25、B.gonejrewhere did he goD. where has he gonethemeeti ng.A.whe nand where wewouldhaveB.whenand where&nbs答案I. 15 B C C D D 610 A C D C AII.1. His father told him that he should be more careful the next time.2. Mr. Wang told the childre n that he would leave for Shan ghai on bus in ess th e n ext m

26、on th.3. Mary said that shehadn ' teard from her parents those days.4. The geography teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth and t he earth goes round the sun.5. She told him that it was time that he left there.6. Zhang Hong told me that Doctor Wang passed away in 1948.7. Joh n told

27、 his pare nts that he had lear ned 500 Chin ese words by the end of l ast term.8. The history teacher told them that the Chinese Communist Party was found ed on July 1st, 1929. He asked whether I was a stude nt.10. She asked George if he had anything in terest ing she could read.11. He asked whether

28、 she was there to ask for help or not.12. The father asked his son where he was going.13. The mother asked the n aughty boy if he was sorry for what he had done.14. She asked Mr. Li whether he had met that man at the stati on two hours before.15. The teacher told us to write our n ames on our papers

29、 first.16. Her friend asked her to go there aga in the n ext/ follow ing day.17. He offered to pack the parcel for me.18. The teacher told the boys and girls not to make so much no ise in class.19. He/ She exclaimed that it was really a lovely day.20. He wished me a Happy New Year.III.1.1 said to him,2. She asked ,3. I asked her,Ihave lost my money . I will findit.'You will be free tomorrow,won 'tyou? ”“ Where are you going and what are you going to do tomorrow?4. His fa