中考英语动词专项讲解与练习+常见动词短语导学案

1、中考英语动词专项讲解与练习+常见动词短语导学案动词一、动词的种类：四种（一）行为动词（如playstudyrun）有具体动作意义（二）连系动词（如isamaregetfeelkeepstay）等，后+形容词作表语（三）情态动词（如canmaymustshouldwould）等，表示禁止、命令、请求等意义，+动词原形（四）助动词（如be+v-ing中的be;Doyou.?的do；Hedoesn'tlike中的doesn't;Didyouhave中的did）只起语法作用，无意义，不必翻译二、动词的形式：（一）动词原形如playstudyrun（二）动词过去式如playedstudi

2、edran（三）动词三单形式如playsstudiesruns（四）动词ing形式（也叫动名词或现在分词）如playingstudyingrunning（五）动词不定式（即to+动词原形）如toplaytostudytorun三、选择动词正确形式的方法（一）主语后需填动词时，注意动词的时态，主要从该句中的时间状语来判断，有时也要从上下语境来判断。如I_（like）comedies,butIdon'tlikethirlllersjIdon'tlikeT判断前句是一般现在时，所以根据主语I填入like的原形注意常见的时态有：1、一般现在时，常与often;always.onceaw

3、eekeveryday等词或短语连用2、现在进行时，主语+be+v-ing形式，常与look,listen,overtherenow祈使句等连用3、一般将来时用现在进行时来表示即主语+be+ving形式，常与nextSundaytomorrowforvacation等词连用4 .一般过去时常与yesterdaylastyear,longbefore等词连用根据上面提示，完成下列句子ILilaisanEnglishgirl,butshe（like）BeijingOpera5 .Look!Thestudents（Dlav）basketballoverthere.3Whatthey（do）forth

4、eirvacation?6 How（be）theweatherinShanghai?Itwasrainy7 you（go）fishingwithZhanghua?Yes,Idid.8 .Areyou（feel）well?No,Doctor.（二）如果主语后谓语不缺少，则考虑特殊动词后的用法。下面我们来介绍接todo,doing和do原形的特殊动词，动词短语和句型(1)接todo形式的动词有：1 wanttodosth.想要做某事wantsb.todosth.想让某人做某事2 helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事''''3needtodosth.需要做

5、4plantodosth.计划做5hopetodosth.希望做''''6trytodosth.尽量做7decidetodosth.决定做8It'stime(forsb.)todosth(该某人)做''''的时间9I'msorrytohethrat+句子听到很难过10havetodosth.必须做11wouldliketodosth.=wanttodosth.想要做12 forgettodosth.忘记做13remembertodosth.记住要去做(区别rememberdoing)14 asksb.todosth

6、.请求/要求某人做15It'skindofyouhtodost做16 Ittakessb.(宾语)一段时间todosth.花费某人一段时间做17 It'/容词+(forsb.)+todosth.(对于某人而言)做'''''很'''''完成下面练习1Whatdoeshewant(_be)?Anurse2Hey,Tom.ItsKirtaike)walks.3Isiteasy(keep)abalanceofyinandyang?4Wheredoyouplan(spend)yourvacation?5 Yo

7、u.'reoftenlateforschool.Canyoutry(get)toschoolearly?6 Letmehelpyou-(find)yourwatch.7Whatwouldyoulike(eat)?Noodles.8 Beijingisagoodplace(have)fun.9 Iamsothirsty,couldyougivemesomething(drink)?10 Weneedto-havehealthyfood(keep)healthy(动词不定式作目的状语为了).(2)后接doing形式的有：1.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做/享受做''&#

8、39;的乐趣2.finishdoingsth.完成做1.5 topdoingsth停止做4.practicedoingsth练习做1.6 b.+spendstime(in)doingsth.某人花费时间做6 .havefundoingsth.做''''很有趣7.bebusydoingsth.忙于做8 .begoodatdoingsth.=dowellindoingsth.擅长于做9 .thanksfordoingsth.谢谢你做10.keepdoingsth.坚持做''''11.Howaboutdoingsth.?=Whatabo

9、utdoingsth.?''''怎么样(用来提建议)?完成下面的练习1Theyallenjoyed(camp)yesterday.2Pleasefinish(make)cakes!3Don'tstop(practice)theEnglishconversations.4Youshouldpractice(swim)alotifyouwanttostayhealthy.5Thailandisabeautifulcountry.Howabout(go)thereand(visit)it?.6Wereyouoftenbusy(surf)theInternetl

10、astyear?YesIwas7DidMaryhavefun(hike)inthemountainslastFriday?8Theyaregoodat(speak)Japanese.9.Tina,Thanksfor(help)me表示做某事是一种习惯，爱好时也可用v-ing形式，或作句子的主语如：Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.或作句子的表语如：Myhobbyisplayingbasketball在某些固定短语中也用v-ing形式如：dosomereading/cleaning/washing/shopping.还有goshopping/swimming/hik

11、ing/bikeriding/sightseeing/fishing/boating/camping./skateboarding/skiing(滑雪)(3)既可接v-ing形式，还可接to形式，且意义相同的动词有likedoing=liketodo,startdoing=starttodo;begintodo=begindoingremember/forget/stop(4)后接动词原形有:1 使役动词如：makelet等词后，它们的意义为使，叫，让2 情态动词如：can,could,may,must,would,should等词后3 祈使句中，如：-Jane,(come)here,plea

12、se.-OK,MaryDont(forget)tocloseyourdoor.祈使句的否定形式有两种表示方法如：Dontsmokehere=Nosmokinghere但是第二种形式多用于公共场合4Lets+W(用来提建议)5 Whynot+v原形？(用来提建议)=Whydontyou+原形？v完成下列句子1Icould(read)abookwhenIwas4yearsold.2Canyouplease(write)tomesoon?3Youshould(lie)downandrestwhenyouarestressedout.4 Thesadmoviemadeeveryone(cry)5 Th

13、atmakesme(feel)happy.动词专项练习( )1.-HowlongmayIyourbook?-Foraweek.Butyoumusntittoothers.A.borrow;lendB.keep;lendC.lend;borrowD.keep;borrow( )2.ItwontthemmuchtimetoflytoBeijingfromShanghai.A.spendB.useC.takeD.pay()3.MrWangbeinNanjingnow,hewenttoBeijingonlythismorning.A.mustntbeB.maynotC.cantD.neednt()4.

14、-DoyoulikethemusictheMoonlightSonata?-Yes,itreallybeautiful.A.FeelsB.soundsC.listensD.hears( )5.Lilyfinishedthebookyesterday.A.readB.readingC.toreadD.reads( )6.MrsBrownisnthere.Shehastoherbabyathome.A.lookatB.lookforC.looklikeD.lookafter()7.Ihavetogonow.pleaseremembertothelightswhenyouleave.A.turnof

15、fB.turndownC.turnupD.turnon()8.Susan'parentshaveboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool.Itbeveryexpensive.A.mustB.canC.mustn'tD.can't()9.-It'stoohot.Wouldyoumindthedoor?-.Pleasedoitnow.A.toopen;OKB.opening;CertainlynotC.opening;OfcourseD.toopen;Goodidea()10.Iwanttothisbookforamonth.A.borr

16、owB.keepC.lendD.get()11.-HowmanytimesyoutoBeijingthisyear?-Threetimes.A.have;beenB.had;beenC.have;goneD.had;gone()12.Whatanicebag!Butsheonlythirtydollarsforit.A.costB.tookC.spendD.paid()13.Cottonniceandsoft.A.isfeltB.isfeelingC.feelD.feels()14.Ithinkthisisthebestwaytosolvetheproblem.Doyoume?A.playwi

17、thB.hearofC.agreewithD.getonwellwith()15.-Guesswhoiscomingtosupper.Tdon'tknow.me.A.SpeakB.SayC.TellD.Talk()16.Pleaseyourphonesherewithyoutomorrow.A.takeB.bringC.carryD.lift()17.Don'tyourlessons.We'llhelpyou.A.worryB.worriedaboutC.beworriedaboutD.beafraid()18.Thewindowisbroken.Trytowhobro

18、keit.A.findoutB.findC.lookD.lookfor()19.HecouldneitherFrenchnorGerman.SoIwithhiminEnglish.A.speak;talkedB.talk;toldC.say;spokeD.tell;talked()20.Theticketisonthefloor.Wouldyoupleaseforme?()21.IfyoudonA.pickitupB.pickupitC.pickupthemD.pickthemuptknowaword,youmustthewordinadictionary.A.lookupB.lookdown

19、C.lookoverD.lookout()22.Itstimeforclass.WedbetterA.stoptotalkB.tostoptotalkC.stoptalkingD.tostoptalking()23.Therewasastrangesoundoutside.Marywentoutandaround,butshenothing.A.looked;sawB.saw;sawC.watched;lookedD.looked;find()24.Thewomanthechildquicklyandtookhimtohospital.A.putonB.dressedC.hadonD.wasw

20、earing()25.-Oh,youpaintedthewallsyourself?-Yes.Itwasnothard.Thewholeworkdidn'tmuch.A.wantB.costC.spendD.pay()26.-allyourthings,Tom!Ihatethemhereandthere.-OK,Mum.A.PutupB.PutonC.PutdownD.Putaway()27.Yukiloveswearingstrangehatsbecauseshewantspeopletoher.A.believeB.controlC.noticeD.visit()28.!It

21、9;sthemusicofMozart.Bequiet.A.HearB.SoundC.SingD.Listen()29.-Theroomissodirty.wecleanit?-Ofcourse.A.WillB.WouldC.Do.D.Shall()30.Wemustdosomethingtostoppeoplefrom.A.tothrowlitteraboutB.tothrowlitterintoC.throwinglitteraboutD.throwinglitterinto情态动词专项练习Exercisel:Circlethebestanswer.1. Look!Thelightisou

22、tinherroom.Shetobedalready.a.mustgob.hadtogoc.musthavegoned.hasgone2. OurChineseteacherissixty-six.Oh,no.Sheoversixty,Ithink.a.isb.mustn'tbec.can'tbed.shouldn'tbe3. Theyhurriedsothattheynotmisstheetrain.a.mightb.shouldc.oughtd.could4. Igohomeabitlatertonightthancomeagaintomorrow.a.wouldr

23、atherb.hadtoc.hadbetterd.must5. Let'shurryorwe'llbelate.Idon'tthinkwetogorightnow,it'sonlyeight.1. oughtb.havec.needd.should6. Yousmokemore.Itwillmakeyousick.a.shouldn'tb.can'tc.don'thaved.wouldn't7. Wehadawonderfultimeyesterday.You.Whydidn'tyoucome?a.hadtocomeb.s

24、houldhavecomec.mighthavecomed.musthavecome8. Ileavehomealoneatnightwithoutpermission.a.don'tdareb.daren'tc.haven'ttod.daren'tto9. ThisBill'shouse.It'snumber101.Oh,Idon'tthinkso.Hesaidalargewhitehousebutthisisasmallyellowone.a.canbeb.mustbec.maybed.maybe10. Studentsshouldn

25、'tforgettostudy.Theytodotheirhomeworkeveryday.a.oughtb.shouldc.mustd.mightExercise2:Circletheletterofthebestanswer.1. Whydidyouanswerso?Youmeyouweren'tcomingtodinner.Iwaitedforyoufortwohours.a.shouldtellb.shouldhavetoldc.shouldtoldd.shouldhadtold2. Whydidn'tyoucometoyogaclasseslastnight?

26、BecauseIformysisteruntil9:30.a.musthavebabysatb.hadtobabysitc.mustbabysitd.havetobabysit3. Helen,willyoubeatthepartytonight?Ia.can'tb.won'tc.mustn'td.shouldn't4. Whattimedoyouexpectyourparents?Theycomearound4:00.a.areb.oughtc.shouldd.can5. HaveyouseenMarie?Shewasn'tfeelingwell.go

27、nehome.1. Shemightbeenb.Mightshehavec.Shemighthasd.Shecould6. HasTony'splanelanded?No,butithereinafewminutes.a.mayhavebeenb.shouldhavebeenc.havetobed.oughttobe7. Whyareyouputtingonyourcoat?Igo.It'sgettinglate.a.hadbetterb.oughtc.wouldd.have8. Doyouliketoplaytennis?I,butnowIprefergolf.a.usedt

28、ob.usedtodoc.usedtoplayedd.usedtoplaying9. You'reareallyfastswimmer.WhenIwasyounger,Iamileinfortyminutes.a.couldswimb.shouldswimc.mayswimd.mustswim10. Ican'tseemtofindmypurse.itathome?a.Youmighthaveleftb.Mightyouhaveleftc.Youmustleaved.MaybeyouleavePhrases:I.Theyshuttheirtownhouseandmovedtot

29、hecountryforthesummer.A.downB.offC.inD.up2.Indevelopingcountriespeopleareintoovercrowdedcitiesingreatnumbers.A.breakingB.fillingC.pouringD.hurrying3.Itwasunwiseofhertotheunreliable（不可靠的）datainherreport.A.refertoB.keeptoC.addtoD.pointto4.Mybrotherwantstobuyanewtietothiswhitesuit.A.gointoB.goafterC.go

30、withD.goby5.Ineedabookdealingpollutionproblems.A.aboutB.withC.onD.to6.Iwascaughttherainyesterday.A.inB.byC.withD.at7.Wealwayswhatwehavesaid.A.gettoB.leadtoC.holdtoD.seetoB.Thestatesman'sabilitytolearnfrombservations（观察）andexperiencegreatlytohissuccessinpubliclife.A.contributedB.broughtC.meantD.r

31、elated9WhenMrs.Johnsongetsold,shewillherbusinesstoherson.A.takeoverB.thinkoverC.handoverD.getover10 .Importantpeopledon'toftenhavemuchfreetimeastheirworktakesalltheirtime.A.awayB.overC.inD.up12 .Themoonshinesbrightly,asifitgavelightbyitself.A.offB.awayC.upD.in13 .Thecarbrokehalfwayfornoreason.A.

32、offB.downC.upD.out14.Ifyouhappentomylostpaperswhileyou'relookingforyoubook,pleaseinformmeatonce.A.comeacrossB.cometoC.comeupD.comeover15 .Mygrandmotherpassedattheageofninety-nine.A.onB.awayC.offD.by16 .Howdoyougetwithyounewclassmatessinceyouhadenteredintoanewschool?A.inB.alongC.longD.across17 .A

33、wordfromtheteacherwillhaveagreatonourchildren.A.efficiencyB.effectC.effortD.affect18 .Wefinallyanagreementafterthreemonths'hardbarganing.A.reachedB.arrivedC.didD.drove19.Inherletterhetoldmethathehadalreadyaroomforusinahotel.A.orderedB.appliedC.reservedD.demanded20.Hemyinvitationwiththankbecauseo

34、fhisbusybusiness.A.acceptedB.answeredC.refusedD.ignored1.1 Ididn'tseeyoursisteratthemngetlfshe,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome22. 一ShallItellJohnaboutit?No,you.I'vetoldhimalready.A.needn'tB.wouldn'tC.mustn'tD.shouldn't23. 一Therewerealreadyfivepeople

35、inthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.Itacomfortablejourney.A.can'tbeB.shouldn'tbeC.mustn'thavebeenD.couldn'thavebeen24. Johnny,youplaywiththeknife,youhurtyourself.A.won't;can'tB.mustn't;mayC.shouldn't;mustD.can't;shouldn't25.Willyoustayforlunch?-Sorry,.Mybroth

36、eriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn'tB.Ican'tC.Ineedn'tD.Iwon't26. 一AreyoucomingtoJeff'spartymnot-sure.Igototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might27. 一Writetomewhenyougethome.A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican28.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou,youhomewithoutaword.A.mustn'tleaveB.shouldn&

37、#39;thaveleftC.couldn'thaveleftD.needn'tleave29.Youreturnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.A.can.'tB.mneedn'tD.maynot30.IwishIyouyesterday.A.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee31.Jennyhavekeptherword.-Iwonderwhyshechangedhermind.A.mustB.shouldC.needD.would1Johncometoseeustoni

38、ght,butheisn'tverysureyet.A.mayB.canC.hastoD.must3-MayItakethisbookout?-No,you.A.can'tB.maynotC.needn'tD.aren'tYougoandseeadoctoratoncebecauseyou'vegotafever.A.canB.mustC.dareD.would4-CanyouspeakJapanese?-No,I.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.needn'tD.maynot5Hebeintheclassroom,Ithin

39、k.No,hebeintheclassroom.Isawhimgohomeaminuteago.A.can;maynotB.must;maynotC.may;can'tD.may;mustn't6-ShallIgetonemorecakeforyou,Dad?-Thanks,butyou,I'vehadenough.A.maynotB.mustnotC.can'tD.needn't7Eventhetopstudentsinourclasscan'tworkoutthisproblem,soitbeverydifficult.A.mayB.must

40、C.canD.need8Heisn'tatschool.Ithinkhebeill.A.canB.shallC.mustD.hasto9.Itakethisone?Yes,please.A.MayB.WillC.AreD.Do10 .Thechildrenplayfootballontheroad.A.can'tB.canC.mustn'tD.must11 .Youbelateforschoolagainnexttime.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.don'thavetoD.don'tneedto12 .-MustIdomyh

41、omeworkatonce?-No,you.A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.can'tD.maynot13 .Hisarmisallright.Hegoandseethedoctor.A.hasnottoB.don'thavetoC.haven'ttoD.doesn'thaveto14 .Hehadtogiveuptheplan,he?A.didB.didn'tC.doesD.doesn't15 .Janeisunhappy,?A.isshe?B.doshe?C.doesn'tshe?D.isn'tshe?

42、16 .Thepoormanneedsourhelp,he?A.needB.needn'tC.doesD.doesn't17 .Excuseme.youpleasepassmethatcup?A.DoB.ShouldC.WouldD.Must动名词还用在下列固定搭配中，如：bebusydoingsth.,beworthdoingsth.,burstout）crying/laughing（Sheburstedoutlaugher/tears,nobodyknowsthereason.）,havetrouble/difficultydoingsth.cannothelpdoings

43、th.,haveatimedoingsth.（费彳艮大力气做但注意区别sbhave（no）timetodosth.有（没）时间做,）haveabad/hardtimedoingsth.（做不愉快）,haveagood/pleasanttimedoingsth.（做很愉快）,spend/wastetime（money）doingsth.,beno/any/someuse（good）doingsth.等。初中英语常见动词短语的集中（课后背诵内容）A）动词+介词B）agreewith同意的意见（想法）;符合baseon以（为）根据listento听getto至U达falloff（从.）掉下help.

44、with.帮助（某人）做（某事）knockat/on敲（门、窗）laughat嘲笑learn.from.向学习liveon继续存在；靠生活lookafter照顾，照看lookat看;观看lookfor寻找looklike看起来像payfor（sth.）付钱；支付pointat指示；指向pointto指向preferto宁愿（选择）;更喜欢quarrelwith（和某人）吵架C）regard.as把当作;当作stop.from阻止做.talkabout说话；谈话;谈论talkwith与交谈thinkabout考虑thinkof认为；想起D）B）动词+副词askfor请求;询问carryon坚持下

45、去；继续下去cutdown砍倒cleanup清除;收拾干净comedown下来；落comealong来;随同comein进来comeon来吧;跟着来；赶快comeout出来;出现;（花）开;发（芽）comeover过来；顺便来访dropoff放下（某物）;下车eatup吃光；吃完Efallbehind落在后面输给别人F）falldown跌倒;从落下findout查出（真相）getback回来;取回getdown下来;落下;把取下来getoff下来;从下来geton上（车）getup起床goon继续giveup放弃goon继续goout出去goover过一遍；仔细检查growup长大;成长G）h

46、andin上交H）holdon（口语）等一等；（打电话时）不挂断hurryup赶快lookout留神；注意lookover（仔细）检查lookup向上看；抬头看passon传递;转移到pickup拾起;捡起，接送putaway放好;把收起来puton穿上；戴上;（戏剧J等）上演;放（唱片等尸beonputdown把（某物）放下来putup挂起;举起runaway流失;逃跑;逃走rushout冲出去setoff出发;动身；启程sendup发射；把往上送shutdown把关上sitdown坐下slowdown减缓;减速takeoff脱掉（衣服）takeout取出throwabout乱丢;抛撒tri

47、pover（被）绊倒tryon试穿（衣服、鞋等）;试戴（帽子等）tryout试验;尝试turndown关小；调低I）turnup开大；调大turnon打开（电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等）turnof关（电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等）turnover（使）翻过来wakeup醒来wearout把穿旧；磨坏workout算出；制订出J）writedown写下C）be+形容词+介词beangrywith（某人）发脾气beinterestedin感兴趣beableto能;会beafraidof害怕beamazedat感至小原讶beexcitedabout感至U兴奋K）befilledwith用充L）be

48、fullof充满的begoodat（=dowellin）在方面做得好；善于belatefor迟至Ubemadein在生产或制造bemadeof由组成；由构成bepleasedwith卡:寸感到满意beproudof以自豪（高兴）beusedfor用于D）动词+名词/代词begone'spardon请原谅；对不起domorningexercises做早操doone'shomework做作业enjoyoneself（=haveagoodtime）过得快乐；玩得愉快giveaconcert开音乐会goboating去划船gofishing去钓鱼gohiking去徒步旅行goskati

49、ng去滑冰goshopping（去）买东西haveacold（患）感冒haveacough（患）咳嗽haveaheadache患）头痛haveatry尝试;努力havealook看一看havearest休息haveaseat（=takeaseat）就坐；坐下havesports进行体育活动havesupper吃晚餐hearof听说holdasportsmeeting举行运动会makeadecision作出决定makeamistake犯错误makeanoise吵闹makefaces做鬼脸makefriends交朋友makemoney赚钱takeone'splace坐某人的座位；代替某人的

50、职务teachoneself（=learnbyoneself）自学takephotos照相taketime花费（时间）taketurns轮流watchTV看电视E时tfj+名词/代词/副词+介词catchupwith赶上comeupwith找到;提出（答案、解决办法等）getonwellwith与相处融洽givebirthto生（孩子）helpyourself/yourselvesto自取;随便吃makeroomfor给腾出地方playajokeon戏弄人;对人恶作剧speakhighlyof称赞saygoodbyeto告别;告辞takeanactivepartin积极参加takecareof

51、照顾;照料;注意F淇他类型beawake醒着的beborn出生bebusydoing忙着做cometrue实现doone'sbest尽最大努力fallasleep睡觉;入睡gohome回家goondoing（sth.）继续做某事;尽力getmarried结婚gettogether相聚gostraightalong沿着一直往前走hadbetter（do）最好（做）keepdoingsth.一直做某事makesure确保;确认;查明makeupone'smind下决心二、英语书面表达专项训练”，请用英语写一篇短2假如你是阳光中学的李华，你校成功举办了文，介绍活动情况并呼吁更多的人参

52、与这样的活动。内容要点如下：时间地点5月23号下午；学校礼堂。活动介绍每学期举办一次。今年又大获成功。同学们的精彩表现得到了大家的高度评价。八年级的士丽获一等奖。她极具朗诵天赋。每位获胜者赢得一张免费书展的票。呼吁参与的理由.(自拟1到2点)注意事项：(1)须包括所给内容要点，要求语句通顺、行文连贯作、适当发挥；(2)词数在80个左右，文稿的开头已给出，不计入总词数；参考词汇：中华诗词朗诵比赛ChinesePoetryRecitingCompetition;表现performance;高度评价thinkhighlyof;朗诵recite;天赋gift;免费的freeI'mLiHuafr

53、omSunshineMiddleSchool.Ourschool.【答案】I'mLiHuafromSunshineMiddleSchool.OurschoolheldaChinesePoetryRecitingCompetitionontheafternoonofMay23rd.Itwasheldintheschoolhall.Thecompetitionisheldeverytram.Thisyearitwasabigsuccessagain.Alltheteachersandstudentsthoughthighlyofthestudents'wonderfulperfor

54、mances.WangLifromGrade8wonthefirstprize.Shehasarealgiftforreciting.Eachwinnerwonafreeticketforthebookshow.IhopemorepeoplewilltakepartinthisactivityandenjoythebeautifulChineseculture【解析】【详解】本题是一篇给材料作文，介绍中华诗词朗诵比赛”活动情况并呼吁更多的人参与这样的活动。短文用第一人称和第三人称，还会用到被动语态的句子。写作思路：考生需要首先审清主题，围绕主题展开作文，其次考生可根据表格中的要点提示去写作。文

55、章必须包括要点中所给的信息，但不要逐句翻译，并补充两条个人的观点。在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅；最后，要仔细检查有无单词拼写错误、标点符号误用等，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，词数是否符合要求3.近年来，各大城市雾霾(haze)情况越来越严重，整个国家的空气污染状况令人担忧。请分析空气污染的现象，原因，应对措施，写一份英文的倡议书，呼吁大家保护环境，减少对空气的污染。要点提示：(1)我国空气污染的现象。(至少写2点)(2)空气污染产生的原因。(至少写2点)(3)减

56、少空气污染的措施。(至少写2点)要求：（1）80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。（2）文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。Dearstudents,Asweallknow,hazydayshavebeeninfluencingourlivesalotinrecentyears.Thatwarnsusoftheseriousairpollution【答案】Dearstudents,Asweallknow,hazydayshavebeeninfluencingourlivesalotinrecentyears.Thatwarnsusoftheseriousairpollution.Bigfa

57、ctories,powerplantsandcarsallcancauseairpollution.Forexample,chemicalsinthesmokefrompowerstationscausealotofdamage.Besides,thepeople'sactivitiesarealsothesourcesofairpollutionsuchasthrowingtherubbishandsmoking.What'smore,themoretreesarecutdown,thelesspollutedaircanabsorb.Airpollutionisbecomi

58、ngmoreandmoreserious,soweshouldtakesomemeasuressuchasplantingmoretreesandstopfactoriesfromsendingoutwasteair,what'smore,wehadbetterwalkortakeabus.Protectingtheenvironmentisourduty.Everyoneshouldplayapartinsavingtheearth.【解析】【详解】这是一篇材料作文，根据材料中的相关信息介绍一下整个国家的空气污染状况。所提供的材料中列举了近年来，各大城市雾霾（haze）情况越来越严重，主要从空气污染的现象，原因，应对措施三个方面去介绍。时态为一般现在时。注意作文中必须包含材料上的所有信息，并适当发挥。写作时，避免使用汉语式的英语，尽量使用我们熟悉的句子或短语。