人教版高中英语语法学案选修8Unit2Cloning

1、,学生用书P232P233)I.单词拼写根据音标及词义写出英文单词1.drawbackdr?b?kn.缺点；不利条件2.breakthroughbreIk0ru?n.突破3.procedurepr?si?d?n.程序；步骤4.mediummi?dI?mn.媒介；手段（pl.media）5.obtajn?bteInvt.获得；赢得6.owe,?vt.欠（账、钱、人情等）；归功于7.rellrerItaI?vi.退休；离开8.botherb?e?vt.打扰vi.操心n.烦扰9.resistrIzIstvt.抵抗；对抗10.forbidf?bIdvt.禁止；不准11.reasonableri?zn?

2、bladj.合情理的12.exactIz?ktadj.精确的13.moralm?r?ladj.道德（上）的14.shortly?tlladv.立刻；不久15.merelymI?lIadv.仅；只；不过16.straightforward11streltf?w?dadj.简单的；坦率的17.adore?d?vt.崇拜；爱慕n.单词拓展写出下列单词及其派生词1.objectvi.不赞成；反对objectionn.不赞成；反对2.accumulatevt.&vi.积累；聚积accumulationn.积累；聚积3.regulatevt.调节；规定regulationn.规则；规章；法规4.diffe

3、rvi.不同；相异differentadj.不同的differencen.不同；差异5.ableadj.能；有能力的enablevt.使能够unableadj.不会的；不能够的abilityn.能力disabledadj.残废的；残疾的disabilityn.残废；残疾6.assumevt.假定；设想；认为assumptionn.假定；设想1.payoff得到好结果；取得成功；偿清2.castdown使失望；使沮丧3.objectto反对；不赞成4.in_favourof赞成；支持5.oweto把归功于6.(be)_bound_to_(do).一定或注定(做)7.strikeintoones_

4、heart使刻骨铭心8.fromtimeto_time不时；偶尔9.bring_back_to_life使复生；使复活10.in_vain白费力气；枉费心机11.in_good/poor_condition状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏语境取词选用上面的单词或短语填空MaYunisstraightforward（坦率的）andadored（崇拜）bymanypeople.Heeverexperiencedmanydifficulties,buttheydidntcast_him_down（使他沮丧）.Hiseffortspaidoff（取得成功）whenhegotagreatbreakthroug

5、h（突破）intheonlineshopping.1.that引导的同位语从句ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.仿写他在伦敦奥运会上获得金牌的消息很快传遍了家乡。Thenewsspreadquicklyinhishometown.2.then位于句首，句子用全部倒装语序。ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.仿写听到狗的狂叫声，小偷逃掉了。Hearingthedogbarkingfiercely,away.3.whether引导的宾语从句How

6、ever,scientistsstillwonderwhethercloningwillhelporharmusandwhereitisleadingus.仿写从他脸上我们看不出他是高兴还是难过。Wecannottellfromhisface.4.疑问词+插入语+其他部分Whatdoyouthinkisthewriterpointofviewinthisreadingpassage?仿写你认为他为什么从足球队中退役？heretiredfromthefootballteam?5.Theadvantageisthat.”其优点是,that引导表语从句。Theadvantageisthatifthe

7、reisanewillnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie,butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.仿写骑自行车上班的优势是我们可以过一种低碳生活。wecanlivealow-carbonlife.答案：1.thathewonagoldmedalattheLondonOlympics2.fledthethief3.whetherheishappyorsad4.Whydoyouthink5.Theadvantageofcyclingtoworkisthat阅读下

8、面课文缩写材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Cloningisawayof1.(make)anexactcopyofanotheranimalorplant.Ithastwomajoruses.Oneis2.gardenersuseittoproducecommercialquantitiesofplants.The3.isthatitisvaluableforresearchonnewspeciesandformedicalresearchonanimals.However,theprocessofcloningisdifficult4.(undertake).

9、Manyattemptstoclonemammalsfailed.Thefirstsuccessfulclone,Dollythesheep,madethewhole5.(science)worldfollowitsprocess,thoughithad6.(many)problemsthanthenormalsheep.Ontheotherhand,Dollysappearance7.(raise)astormofobjectionsandhadagreatimpact8.themediaandpublicimagination.Differentpeoplehavedifferentopi

10、nionsonit.However,scientistsstillwonderwhethercloning9.(help)orharmusand10.itisleadingus.答案：1.making2.that3.other4.toundertake6.scientific6.more7.raised8.on9.willhelp10.where,学生用书P234P237)undertake(undertook;undertaken)vt.着手；从事；承担(教材Pii)Itisadifficulttasktoundertake.这是一项很难完成的任务。undertakeatask承担任务und

11、ertaketodosth.同意、答应或着手做某事undertakethat-clause保证(朗文)Twonewstudieshavebeenundertakentodeterminetheeffectsofthechemicals.已经进行了两项新研究以确定这些化学制品的作用。2Wearesupposedtoundertaketheresponsibilitytoleadalow-carbonlifestyle,whichisofgreatsignificance.我们应该承担过低碳生活的责任，这意义重大。3AsfarasIknow,hehasundertakentofinish(fini

12、sh)thejobbyFriday.就我所知，他已答应星期五之前完成那项工作。forbid(forbade/forbad,forbidden)vt.禁止，不准(2014高考重庆卷完形填空)InsomeMiddleEasterncountries,exposingyourfleshisforbidden,especiallyifyouareawoman.在一些中东国家，是禁止把肌肤露在外面的，尤其是妇女。(1)forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事forbiddoingsth.禁止(彳)某事(2)forbidsb.sth.禁止某人某事forbidsb.fromdoing禁止某人做(3)

13、Itsforbiddentodosth.做某事是被禁止的。Hewasforbiddentoleavethebaseasapunishment作为惩罚，他被禁止离开基地。Thelawforbidssmokinginpublicbuildings.法律禁止在公共场所吸烟。4Heforbademefrommeeting/tomeetmyfriendsonlineattheInternetcaf!e他禁止我去网吧会见我的网友！【活用】一一用forbid的相关词语完成下列小片段He(禁止我吸烟)intheoffice.Hesaidthelaw(2)(禁止吸烟)inpublicplaces.Healsos

14、aidhewould(3)(不许我离开)unlessIapologizedforwhatIhaddone.答案：(1)forbademefromsmoking(2)forbidssmoking(3)forbidmetoleave（牛津）Ifanybodyobjects,welpostponethemeetingtillnextweek.如果有人反对，我们就把会议推迟到下周。(1)objecttosb./sth.反对；不赞成某人/某事objecttodoingsth.反对做某事objectthat.反对(2)objectionn.反对；厌恶raiseanobjectiontosth.对提出异议目

15、标objectvi.反对；不赞成n.物体;have/makean/noobjectionto(doing)sth.对表示反对/不反对1Hestronglyobjectstobeing_treatedlikeachild.他强烈反对被人当孩子一样对待。2Mymainobjectiontotheplanisthatitcoststoomuch.我反对该计划的主要理由是它费用太高。【活用】一一用所给词的适当形式或介词填空UnlessourmanagerobjectstoToms(join)theclub,weshallaccepthimasamember.(2)Despite(object)byth

16、eWhiteHouse,theSenatevotedtodaytocutoffaid.(3)Worriedaboutthenoise,manylocalpeopleobjectthebuildingofthenewairportneartheirneighborhood.答案：(1)joining(2)objections(3)toowevt.欠（账、钱、人情等）；归功oweyouafavour.谢谢你支持我，我欠你一个人情。(牛津)Thanksforstickingupforme,I(1)owesb.anapology该向某人道歉owesb.sth.=owesth.tosb.欠某人某物(2)

17、oweto把归功oweittosb.that多亏某人(3)owingto因为；由于Theseearlysettlersowedtheirsurvivaltohardworkanddeterminationtosucceed.这些早期移民把他们的幸存归功于艰苦劳动和追求成功的决心。WeoweittoBellthatwecannowtalktothepeopleontheothersideoftheworld.今天我们之所以能够和远在天涯海角的人通话，应归功于贝尔。【活用】一一用owe的适当形式完成下列小片段Inordertohaveacarofhisown,Jack.Heworkedhardan

18、dhisparentsgavehimalotofhelp.Finally,hepaidoffhisdebts.He(2)为了有一辆自己的汽车，杰克欠了别人很多钱。他辛勤工作，父母也给了他很多帮助，最终他还清了债务。他把这一切都归功于他的努力工作和父母的帮助。答案：owedalotofmoneytoothers(2)owedthistohishardworkandhisparentshelpbothervt.打扰vi.操心n.烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人（教材Pi4）However,theproblemthatshelaterdevelopedaseriouslungdiseasebotheredsc

19、ientists.然而，之后她患上了严重的肺病的问题使科学家们困扰。(1)bothersb.with/aboutsth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人bothertodosth.特意做某事Itbotherssb.that/todosth.使某人苦恼的是(2)putsb.toanybother给某人添乱Whatbothers_me_mostisthatheseemstotakenointerestinhiswork.最使我伤月百筋的是，他似乎对自己的工作毫无兴趣。Idontwanttoputhimtoanybother,soItrydoingitbymyself.我不想给他添乱，所以，我试着靠自己做这件事

20、。【活用】一一一句多译一直没有对他讲真话，这让我很苦恼。(1)havetoldhimthetruth.(2)Ihaventtoldhimthetruth.(3)Nothavingtoldhimthetruth答案：(1)Itbothersmenotto(2)Itbothersmethat(3)putsmetobotherpayoff得到好结果；取得成功；偿清(教材P11)Butatlastthedeterminationandpatienceofthescientistspaidoffin1996withabreakthroughthecloningofDollythesheep.但是，科学家

21、的决心和耐心最终得到了回报，这就是莉”的诞生。1996年具有突破性的克隆羊“多payforsth.付某物的钱；为某事物付出代价paysb.forsth.因某事物给某人报酬payback偿还(欠款)；报复payattentionto注意听(着)某人(某物)1Herdesignwonthefirstprizeinthecompetition.Yearsofpatienceandhardworkhadatlastpaidoff.她的设计在比赛中获得一等奖。多年的耐心和艰苦的工作终于得到了好的结果。2Hehadtoworkpart-timesoastopayforhiseducation.他必须做兼职

22、工作来支付学费。ThatIcanpaybackthehelppeoplegivememakesmehappy.能够回报人们给我的帮助让我感到很开心。【活用】一一选用上述词语填空Aftertenyearsofhardwork,Mathildallherdebtsatlast.(2)ThatIcanthehelppeoplegivememakesmehappy.(3)Ifyoudontstudynow,youllitlaterwhenfailyourexams.答案：(1)paidoff(2)payback(3)payforingood/poorcondition状况很好（坏）；情况很好（坏）（教

23、材Pi7）ThedodobecameextinctfairlyrecentlysoitsDNAisstillingoodcondition.渡渡鸟灭绝时间相当近，所以它的DNA仍然状况良好。（1）outofcondition健康状况欠佳（2）onconditionthat.在条件下；倘若onnocondition一点也不；决不（放在句首时，用部分倒装语序）(3)working/living/studyingconditions工作/生活/学习环境(朗文)Thecarhasbeenwellmaintainedandisingoodcondition.这辆车一直保养得很好，车况极佳。Havingb

24、eenoutof_conditionforseveralweeks,hedecidedtotravel.由于几周来健康状况不佳，他决定去旅游。【温馨提示】(l)condition指人或物自身的状况时，常用作不可数名词；指周围的环境、境况、条件时,常用复数形式。(2)on/undernocondition置于句首时句子用部分倒装。【活用】一一句型转换Youshouldtellhimwhathashappenedonnocondition.(改为倒装句)ftellhimwhathashappened.(2)Theyagreedtolendusthecaraslongaswereturneditbe

25、foretheweekend.(同义句转换)fTheyagreedtolendusthecarwereturneditbeforetheweekend.答案：(1)Onnoconditionshouldyou(2)onconditionthat（教材Pii）ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。本句中的news与thatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill是同位语关系。常见的后接同位语从句的抽象名词有：fact,news,hope,truth,idea,suggestion,t

26、hought,question,order,problem,belief,fear等。1Weshouldconsiderthestudentsrequesthattheschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.我们应该考虑学生的这个要求，即学校图书馆应该多提供一些受欢迎的科学方面的书籍。2Thequestionwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasnotbeenansweredyet.我们是否该继续实验的问题还没有被解决。（教材Pi5）Theadvantageisthatifthereisanew

27、illnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie,butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.其优点是如果发生一种新的疾病，这些动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并将这种抵抗能力传给下一代。Theadvantageisthat优势是,that此处引导表语从句。Theadvantage/strengthof.isthat.的优势是Thedisadvantageof.isthat.的不足是Thedrawbackof.isthat.的缺点是Theproblem

28、of.isthat.的问题是Thechanceisthat.有可能Theadvantageisthatsmilingcannotonlymakeushappy,butalsopleaseothers.其优势在于微笑不仅仅让我们高兴，还能取悦别人。TheadvantageisthatwehaveagoodcommandofEnglish.其优点是我们很好地掌握了英语。3Thechanceisthatourteamwillfinishatthetop,asourremainingmatchesarenttoodifficult.由于我们队余下的比赛不太艰难，我们队在结束时有可能名列前茅。Thedr

29、awbackofthepopularityofcarsis_thatitbringsaboutsomuchairpollution.汽车普及的缺点是它带来了严重的空气污染。I.词汇自测A）根据句意及汉语提示，写出所缺单词。1.Imsorrytohave（麻烦）youwithsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.2.Whodoyouthinkistherightpersonto（承担）thetask?3.Allthenewemployeesareaskedtolearnabouttherulesand（规贝U）ofthecompanyandtheymustobeythe

30、m.4.Thescientistsarestrugglingfora（突破）incancerresearch.5.AtthattimeUganda（欠）billionsofdollarstotheWorldBank.答案：l.bothered2.undertake3.regulations4.breakthrough5.owedB）在句中空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。6.Theonly（object）Ihaveisthatitcostsmorethanexpected..thatifIpassedTheproblemofthetableisthatdis

31、advantageoftheareaisthatThencamevoices7.Themotheralwaystellshersonthateveryeffortwillpayintime.8.Hearingthejoke,Iwasunabletoresist(laugh).9.Hisexplanationwasnot(reason),soallofusdidntacceptit.10.Thedriverexplained(exact)tothepolicemanwhathadhappened.答案：6.objection7.off8.laughing9.reasonable10.exactl

32、yn.选词填空payoff;bringbacktolife;invain；beboundto;castdown；fromtimetotime;ingoodcondition;infavourof1.Hiseffortstoraisemoneyforhisprogramwerebecausenooneshowedanyintentiontotakeacentoutoftheirpockets.2.JackwantedtobeinformedhowJanewasgettingalong.3.SinceGeorgeheardofhisfailureintheexam,hehasbeenvery.4.一LiFengwonthefirstprizeinthenationalEnglishcompetition.Oh,really?Ingladthathereffortsatlast.5.Keeponworkinghardlikethis,andyourresearchachievegreatsuccess.6.Thankstothedoctorstreatment,thedyin