小学语法和习题

1、小学语法和习题PEP小学英语语法要点及习题一、名词复数规那么1 .般情况下,直接力口-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2 .以s.x.sh.ch结尾,力口-es,如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3 .以“辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4 .以“f或fe结尾,变f或fe为v,冉加-es,如：knife-knives5 .不规那么名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policem

2、an-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出以下各词的复数Ihimthisherwatchchildphotodiarydayfootbookdresstooth_sheep_box_strawberrythiefyo-yopeach_sandwich_manwomanpaperjuicewatermilkricetea般现在时一般现在时根本用法介绍No.1

3、一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态.如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的.2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作.如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床.3.表示客观现实.如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转.一般现在时的构成1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它.如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩.2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它).如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语.当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es".如：Marylik

4、esChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语.一般现在时的变化1 .be动词的变化.否认句：主语+be+not+其它.如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人.一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它.如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句.如：Whereismybike?2 .行为动词的变化.否认句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它).如：Idon'tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否认句.如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑问句：

5、Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它.如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句.如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句.如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?动词+s的变化规那么1. 一般情况下,直接加-s,如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2. 以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,力口-es,如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,wat

6、ch-watches,go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练：一、写出以下动词的第三人称单数drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushdoteach二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空.1. Heoften(have)dinnerathome.2. DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.3. We(notwatch)TVonMonday.4. Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5. they(like)theWo

7、rldCup?6. Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays?7. yourparents(read)newspaperseveryday?8. Thegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9. SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10. There(be)somewaterinthebottle.11. Mike(like)cooking.12. They(have)thesamehobby.13. Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.14. Youalways(do)yourho

8、meworkwell.15. I(be)ill.I'mstayinginbed.16. She(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17. LiuTao(do)notlikePE.18. Thechildoften(watch)TVintheevening.19. SuHaiandSuYang(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20. 一Whatday(be)ittoday?It'sSaturday.三、根据要求改写句子1. DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否认句)2. Idomyhomeworkevery

9、day.(改为一般疑问句,作否认答复)3. Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定答复)4. Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句,作否认答复)5. Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否认句)6. HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否认句)7. Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线局部提问)8. JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线局部提问)9. Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.改为一般疑问句,作否认答复10. SimonandDaniellikeg

10、oingskating.(改为否认句五、改错划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上1. IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?2. Doeshelikesgoingfishing?3. Helikesplaygamesafterclass.4. Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.5. Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays.三、现在进行时1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作.2 .现在进行时的肯定句根本结构为be+动词ing.3 .现在进行时的否认句在be后加not.4 .现在进行时的一般

11、疑问句把be动词调到句首.5 .现在进行时的特殊疑问的根本结构为：疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+be+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规那么1 .一般情况下,直接加ing,如：cook-cooking2 .以不发音的e结尾,去e力口ing,如：make-making,taste-tasting3 .如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing如：run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出以下动词的现在分词：playrunswimmakegolikewriteskireadhavesingd

12、anceputseebuylovelivetakecomegetstopsitbeginshop、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1. Theboy(draw)apicturenow.2. Listen.Somegirls(sing)intheclassroom.3. Mymother(cook)somenicefoodnow.4. Whatyou(do)now?5. Look.They(have)anEnglishlesson.6 .They(not,water)theflowersnow.7 .Look!thegirls(dance)intheclassroom.8 .Whatisourgra

13、nddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusic.9 .It'5so'clocknow.We(have)suppernow10 .Helen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换：1. Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否认句)2. Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改般疑问句并作肯定和否认回答)3. I'mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线局部进行提问)4. Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(

14、对划线局部进行提问)四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、方案或准备做某事.句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等.二、根本结构：begoingto+do；will+do.三、否认句：在be动词(am,is,are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won'to例如：I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.fI'mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑

15、问句：be或will提到句首,some改为any,and改为or,第一二人称互换.例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.fAreyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、对划线局部提问.一般情况,一般将来时的对划线局部有三种情况.1. 问人.Who例如：I'mgoingtoNewYorksoon.fWh6sgoingtoNewYorksoon.2. 问干什么.Whatdo.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.fWhatisyourfathergoingt

16、odowithyouthisafternoon.3. 问什么时候.When例如：Shesgoingtogotobedatnine.fWhenisshegoingtobed?六、同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow明天.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习：填空.1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊.Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛我想去打篮球.WhatnextMonday?Iplaybasketball.Whatyoudonext

17、Monday?Iplaybasketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗是,她要去买一些水果.yourmothergoshoppingthis?Yes,she.Shebuysomefruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面.Whattimeyoumeet?改句子.5. Nancyisgoingtogocamping.改否认Nancygoingtogocamping.6. I'llgoandjointhem.改否认Igojointhem.7. I'mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.改一般疑问旬togetupat6:30tomorrow?8. Wewillmee

18、tatthebusstopat10:30.改一般疑问句meetatthebusstopat10:30.9. Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.对戈线局部提问she10.afterschool?Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.同上goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空.11. Todayisasunnyday.We(have)apicnicthisafternoon.12. Mybrother(go)toShanghainex

19、tweek.13. Tomoften(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He(go)toschoolbybike.14. Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually(watch)TVand(catch)insects?15. It'sFridaytoday.Whatshe(do)thisweekend?She(watch)TVand(catch)insects.16. What(d0)youdolastSunday?I(pick)applesonafarm.What(do)nextSunday?I(milk)cows.17

20、. Mary(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.18. LiuTao(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.19. David(give)apuppetshownextMonday20. I(plan)formystudynow五、一般过去时1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时问状语连用.一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢.2. Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am和is在一般过去时中变为was.(wasnot=wasn')tare在一般过去时中变为were.(werenot=weren

21、')t带有was或were的句子,其否认、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样,即否认句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首.3. 句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否认旬：didn't或词原形,如：Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形.如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?动词过去式变化规那么

22、：1 .一般在动词末尾加-ed,如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2 .结尾是e力口d,如：taste-tasted3 .末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,冉力口-ed,如：stop-stopped4 .以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i,冉加-ed,如：study-studied5 .不规那么动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-san

23、g,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat过去时喙习写出以下动词的过去式isamflyplantaredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkickpassdoBe动词的过去时练习1NameNo.Date一、一用be动词的适当形式填空1. Iatschooljustnow.2. Heatthecamplastweek.3. W

24、estudentstwoyearsago.4. Theyonthefarmamomentago.5. YangLingelevenyearsoldlastyear.6. Thereanappleontheplateyesterday.7. TheresomemilkinthefridgeonSunday.8. Themobilephoneonthesofayesterdayevening.2、 句型转换1. Itwasexciting.否认句：一般疑问句：肯、否认答复：2. Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否认句：一般疑问句：肯、否认答复：3. Theywerein

25、hispocket.否认句：一般疑问句：肯、否认答复：Be动词的过去时练习2NameNo.Date一、用be动词的适当形式填H4. IanEnglishteachernow.5. Shehappyyesterday.6. Theygladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.7. HelenandNancygoodfriends.8. Thelittledogtwoyearsoldthisyear.9. Look,therelotsofgrapeshere.10. ThereasignonthechaironMonday.11. TodaythesecondofJune.Yester

26、daythefirstofJune.ItChildren'sDay.Allthestudentsveryexcited.二、句型转换1. Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否认句：一般疑问句：肯、否认答复：肯、否认答复：3、 中译英1 .我的故事书刚刚还在手表旁边.2 .他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了.3 .一会以前花园里有两只小鸟.行为动词的过去时练习(1)NameNo.Date一、用行为动词的适当形式应率1. He(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2. Thecat(eat)abirdlastnight.3. We(have)a

27、partylastHalloween.4. Nancy(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.5. I(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.6. They(play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.7. Mymother(cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.8. Thegirls(sing)and(dance)attheparty.二、句型转换1. SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.否认句：一般疑问句：肯、否认答复：2. Nancywentto

28、schoolearly.否认句：一般疑问句：肯、否认答复：3. WesangsomeEnglishsongs.否认句：一般疑问句：肯、否认答复：行为动词的过去时练习(2)NameNo.Date一、用be动词的适当形式填H1. I(watch)acartoononSaturday.2. Herfather(read)anewspaperlastnight.3. Wetozooyesterday,wetothepark.(go)4. you(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5. he(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he.6. GaoShan

29、(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.7. I(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother.8. Whatshe(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She(find)abeautifulbutterfly.二、句型转换1.Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否认句：一般疑问句：肯、否认答复：三、中译英1 .格林先生去年住在中国.2 .昨天我们参观了农场.3 .他刚刚在找他的.过去时综合练习(1)NameNo.Date一、一用动词的适当形式的空1. It(be)Ben'

30、sbirthdaylastFriday.2. Weall(have)agoodtimelastnight.3. He(jump)highonlastSportsDay.4. Helen(milk)acowonFriday.5. Shelikesnewspapers,butsheabookyesterday.(read)6. Hefootballnow,buttheybasketballjustnow.(play)7. Jim'smother(ptatreesjustnow.8. they(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they.9. I(watch)acartoo

31、nonMonday.10. We(go)toschoolonSunday.二、中译英1 .我们上周五看了一部电影.2 .他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗是的.3 .你们上个儿童节做了什么我们参观了动物园.4 .你上周在哪儿在野营基地.过去时综合练习(2)NameNo.Date一、一用动词的适当形式的空1. It(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite(go)tohisofficebycar.2. GaoShan(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.3. Don'tthehou.Mumityesterday.(clean)4. What

32、youjustnow?Isomehousework.(do)5. They(make)akiteaweekago.6. Iwanttoapples.Butmydadallofthemlastmonth.(pick)7. hetheflowersthismorning?Yes,he.(water)8. She(be)aprettygirl.Look,she(do)Chinesedances.9. Thestudentsoften(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.10. WhatMikedoonthefarm?Hecows.(milk)二、中译英1 .他的朋友在照看他的

33、弟弟.2 .去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛.3 .他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗不,没有.六、形容词和副词的比拟级复习及练习一、形容词的比拟级1、形容词比拟级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比拟用比拟级,比拟级后面一般带有单词than.比拟级前面可以用more,alittle来修饰表示程度.than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格).2 .形容词加er的规那么:一般在词尾加er；以字母e结尾,力口r；以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er；以辅音字母+y结尾,先把y变i,再加er.3 .不规那么形容词比拟级：good-better,beautiful-morebeautif

34、ul二、副词的比拟级1 .形容词与副词的区别(有be用形,有形用be；有动用副,有副用动)在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2 .副词比拟级的变化规那么根本与形容词比拟级相同(不规那么变化：well-better,far-farther)三、练习一)、写出以下形容词或副词的比拟级oldyoungtall_longshortstrongbigsmallfat_thinheavy_lightnicegoodbeautifullowhighearlyslowfastlatefarwell二)、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. Mybrotheristw

35、oyears(old)thanme.2. Tomisas(fat)asJim.3. Isyoursister(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.4. Whois(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.5. Whosepencil-boxis(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.6. Mary'shairisas(long)asLucy's.7.Ben(jump)(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.8 .Nancysing(well)thanHelen?Yes,she.9 .Fangfangisnotas(ta

36、ll)astheothergirls.10 .Myeyesare(big)than(she).11 .Whichis(heavy),theelephantorthepig?12 .Whogetsup(early),TimorTom?13 .thegirlsgetup(early)thantheboys?No,they.14 .Jimruns(slow).ButBenruns(slow).15 .Thechilddoesn't(write)as(fast)asthestudents.三)、译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大是你.isthanJim?are2、谁比David更强壮是GaoShan

37、.thanDavid?GaoShan.3、谁的铅笔更长,他的还是她的我想是她的.pencilis,or_is,Ithink.4、谁的苹果更重,你的姐姐的还是你的弟而行我的弟弟的.apples,youroryour?My.5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗是的.asasyouruncle?Yes,Iam.6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻.HeasasJim.7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗不,她比他瘦.asastwin?No,thanhim.8 .YangLing每天睡得比SuYang晚.YangLingtothanSuYangeveryday.9 .我跳得和Mike一样远.IasasMike.10 .Tom

38、比你跑彳导快吗不是的,他和我跑得一样快.Tomthanyou?No,he.Heasas11互做运动,你会更强壮.moreexercise,you,llsoon.12 .我的科学很好,但是语文不好.IatScience.ButIdon'twellinChinese.13 .你放风筝比王兵放得高吗?不,我比他放得低.youthekitethanWangbing?No,Iitthan.嬴喜欢游泳.我所有的朋友都游得比我慢.一Ilike.Allmythanme.15 .我的姐姐起得比京一Myupthanme.16 .女孩比男孩唱得好吗是的.thegirlstheboys?Yes,they.17

39、施不擅长体育.但我跳得没有她高.Shedoesn,tinPE.ButIdon,tthan.18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗?不,他们踢得和我一样好.youfootballthanyourclassmates?No,theyasasme.19"我正丽我父亲年纪小.Mythanmy.20 .她的毛衣和我的一样重.sweaterasas.21 .我的连衣裙太短了.我想买一条大点的.Mydresstoo.Iwanttoaone.22 .I'mtallerthanMike.该成用原级的比拟I'masasMike.七、Therebe句型与have,has的区别1、Therebe

40、句型表示：在某地有某物或人2、在therebe句型中,主语是单数,be动词用is;主语是复数,be动词用are如有几件物品,be动词根据最*近be动词的那个名词决定.3>therebe句型的否认句在be动词后加not,一般疑问句把be动词调到句首.4、therebe句型与havehas的区别：therebe表示在某地有某物或人；havehas表示某人拥有某物.5、some和any在therebe句型中的运用：some用于肯定句,any用于否认句或疑问句.6、and和or在therebe句型中的运用：and用于肯定句,or用于否认句或疑问句.7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的根本结构是：How

41、many+名词复数+arethere+介词短语Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+介词短语8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的根本结构是：What's+介词短语Fillintheblankwith"have,hasor“thereis,thereare1. Iagoodfatherandagoodmother.2. atelescopeonthedesk.3. Heatape-recorder.4. abasketballintheplayground.5. Shesomedresses.6. Theyanicegarden.7. Whatdoyou?8. areading

42、-roominthebuilding?9. WhatdoesMike?10. anybooksinthebookcase?11. Myfatherastory-book.12. astory-bookonthetable.13. anyflowersinthevase?14. Howmanystudentsintheclassroom?15. Myparentssomenicepictures.16. somemapsonthewall.17 .amapoftheworldonthewall.18 .Davidatelescope.19 .David'sfriendssometents

43、.20 .manychildrenonthehill.用恰当的be动词填空.1、Therealotofsweetsinthebox.2、Theresomemilkintheglass.3、Theresomepeopleunderthethebigtree.4、Thereapictureandamaponthewall.5、Thereaboxofrubbersnearthebooks.6、Therelotsofflowersinourgardenlastyear.7、Thereatinofchickenbehindthefridgeyesterday.8、Therefourcupsofcoffe

44、eonthetable.Fillintheblankwith"have,has1. Ianicepuppet.2. Heagoodfriend.3. Theysomemasks.4. Wesomeflowers.5. Sheaduck.6. Myfatheranewbike.7. Hermotheravase.8. OurteacheranEnglishbook.9. Ourteachersabasketball.10. Theirparentssomeblankets11. Nancymanyskirts.12. Davidsomejackets.13. Myfriendsafoo

45、tball.14. Whatdoyou?15. WhatdoesMike?16. Whatdoyourfriends?17. WhatdoesHelen?18. Hisbrotherabasketball.19. Hersisteranicedoll.20. MissLianEnglishbook.八、人称代词和物主代词1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前有时候位于than之后,宾格一般位于动词或介词之后.2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词,名词性那么单独使用,后面不带名词.我你他她它我主格I宾格me我的形容词性my名词性mineyouy

46、ou你的,你们的youryourshehim他的hishissheher她的herhersitit它的itsitsweus我们的ourours们theythem他她,它们的theirtheirs人称代词物主代词,你们她,它wethemyour一.填写代词表Iityouhishers二.用所给词的适当形式填空1. Thatisnotkite.Thatkiteisverysmall,butisverybig.(I)2. Thedressis.Giveitto.(she)3. Isthiswatch?(you)No,it'snot.(I)4. isJack.Look!T