2020版高考英语大一轮复习4Unit4Globalwarming知能演练轻松闯关

1、Unit4Globalwarming电豳陶随轻松闯关错误！阅读理解A（2018全国卷I）Wemaythinkwereaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices（装置）wellaftertheygooutofstyle。Thatsbadnewsfortheenvironmentandourwalletsastheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythanth

2、eneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslifefromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeener

3、gyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s。Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande。readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidntt

4、hrowoutouroldones。“Theliving。roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekidsroom,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.Werenotjustkeepingtheseolddeviceswecontinuetousethem。Accordingtotheanalysis

5、ofBabbittsteam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhatsthesolution（解决方案）？Theteamsdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersr

6、eplacedoldsuch as aproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunctiontabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%。【解题导语】该文指出生活中常见的过时电子设备其实作用小、耗能高，并提出了解决方案。1 Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevi

7、ces？ATheyareenvironment-friendly.BTheyarenobetterthantheold.CTheycostmoretouseathome.DTheygooutofstylequickly。A解析：推理判断题。根据对第一段的整体理解可知，与新的电子设备相比,过时电子设备不仅耗能高，而且危害环境，所以可推断出，新的电子设备是环保的，故选A项.2 WhydidBabbittsteamconducttheresearch？AToreducethecostofminerals。BTotestthelifecycleofaproduct.CToupdateconsumers

8、onnewtechnology.DTofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices。D解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句中的“Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing，CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife”可知，Babbitt的团队做这项研究的目的是计算电子设备的耗电情况，故选D项。

9、3 Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?AThebox。setTV.BThetablet.CTheLCDTV。DThedesktopcomputer。B解析:细节理解题.根据文章最后一段最后一句“Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%”可知，用平板电脑替换电视机和台式电脑会节省44的能耗，根据第二段中的“LCDTVsentered.。showedupin2007”

10、可知，平板电脑应比液晶电视耗能低，故选B项。4. Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?A.Stopusingthem.B.Takethemapart。C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem。A解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第二句中的“theresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronics that serve more than one function”可推断出，文章建议用多

11、功能的新设备来替换过时设备，即停止使用过时设备，故选A项。take apart ”拆隹；upgrade ”使开级”；recycle“回收利用”。（2019 江西名校联盟检测）Forovera century, the Nashua RiverinMassachusetts provided power for mills（工厂）which gave jobs to thousands of, and woolen mills had dumpedpeopleoOvertheyears,thesepaper,cotton,woodtheirwasteintoitswatersBythe1960s

12、,theNashuaRiverwasaboutaspollutedasanyrivercouldget。Itswatersranredorgreenorbluewithdye（染料）frompapermillssituatedonitsbanks.Thefumes（烟）fromthisdyeblackenedthepaintonthebuildingsneartheriver。ThenalongcameMarionStoddartwithasimplebutoverwhelmingideacleanup。She carriedtheNashua.Thiswasnoone。womancampai

13、gn。Stoddartencouragedthepapermillsandthebusinesscommunitytoformpartnershipstoreclaimtheriverjarsofdirtyriverwatertolocalofficialstodemonstratetheseriousnessoftheproblem.Stoddarttalkedwithbusinessleadersabouteconomicproblems.Sheterm problems of pollution.talkedwithenvironmentalistsaboutthelongStoddar

14、tknewthattheStateWaterPollutionControlBoardwouldhavethefinal say on forcing the clean 。 up.When she spoketo the boardshe insistedthat the Nashua should be made safe forswimming 。Theythoughther goals wereunrealistic.However ， thepartnerships Stoddarthad helpedformand thevolunteers whowere drawn to he

15、rcausenever gaveup 。They allrealizedthat cleaning up theriver was in everyonebest interestsBy 1993 ，several water treatment plantshad been built ，and aconservationarea calleda “ greenway had been createdalongthebanksoftheriver.Todaymillsarestilloperatingalongtheriver,buttherearealsofishintheriver。Th

16、eNashuaRiverwelcomesboaters,naturalists,andevenswimmersNoneofthiswouldhavebeenpossiblewithoutawomanofvisionandacommunityworkingtogether.【解题导语】本文讲的是MarionStoddart如何联合个体、团体和政府部门共同治理河水污染的事。5 Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reclaim”referto?ARescue.BEnlarge.CMonitor.DExplore。A解析：词义猜测题.结合语境及上下文中出现的“cleanuptheNa

17、shua”“theclean。up”“cleaninguptheriver”等信息可知,此处指的应是河流治理方面的内容，由此可推知画线词的意思应是“改造”，与A项意思相近,故选A。6 WhatstheboardsattitudetoStoddartsgoalofimprovingtheriver?B DoubtfulASupportiveC NeutralDCautious.B解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中的“Whenshespoketotheboard.。Theythoughthergoalswereunrealistic。”可知,该委员会认为Stoddart改善河流状况的目标不切实际，即持

18、怀疑的态度，故选B。7 WhatkindofpersonisMarionStoddart?AIndependentandbroad-minded.8 Determinedandfar-sighted.CIntelligentandcreative.DStubbornandproud。B解析:推理判断题。根据文章第三、四段中对Stoddart为了改善河流状况东奔西走的描述及最后一段中的“awomanofvision”可知，MarionStoddart是一个有决心和有远见卓识的人。故选B。9 Whatmessageisconveyedthroughthenoone.womancampaign?AI

19、tllbeallrightonthenight.10 Preventionisbetterthancure。CManyhandsmakelightwork。DFailureisthemotherofsuccess。C解析:推理判断题。通读全文可知，改善纳舒厄河被污染的现状并不是Stoddart一个人的战斗，她还积极地联合个体、团队和政府部门共同治理河水污染，并最终收到成效.由此可知，C项“众人拾柴火焰高”符合题意。错误!七选五and it was also the first（2019广州检测）Philadelphiaisacityknownformanythings。Itiswherethe

20、DeclarationofIndependencewassignedin1776capitaloftheUnitedStates。1.Itishometonearly3，000murals（壁画）paintedonthesidesofhomesandbuildingsaroundthecity。ThatsmoremuralsthananyothercityonEarth.2.Morethan20yearsago，aNewJerseyartistnamedJaneGoldenstartedaprogrampairingtroubledyouthwithartiststopaintmuralson

21、afewbuildingsaroundthecity.3。Theteenagersinvolvedhelpedtocreatemagnificentpiecesofart,andtherewereother，evenmoreimportant，benefits.Theyoungpeoplelearnedtocooperateandgetalongwithmanydifferentkindsofpeopleduringthepainting.Theylearnedtoberesponsible，becausetheyneededtofollowascheduletomakesurethemura

22、lswerecompleted.4。ItishardforanyonetoseethespectaculardesignsandnotfeelproudtobeapartofPhiladelphia。TakeawalkaroundsomeofthepoorestneighbourhoodsinPhiladelphiaandyouwillfindbeautifulworksofartonthesidesandfrontsofbuildings.Ofcoursethemuralsarenotjustinpoorneighbourhoods,butricheronesaswell。Specialbu

23、sestaketouriststodifferentpartsofthecitytoseethevariousmurals,whichshowthediverseethnicgroupsthatcallPhiladelphiahome.5ItisalsoamodelforothercitiesthroughoutAmericaseekingtohelptroubledyouth.AHowdidthiscometobe?BWhathappenedtothemuralsonearth？known。CTheyalsolearnedtotakeprideintheircommunity.DButone

24、factaboutPhiladelphiaisnotsowellEFromthissmallproject,somethingmagicalhappened.FTheprogramencouragedtroubledyouthtopainttogetherwiththeirteachers。GAsaresultofitssuccess,themuralprogramhasnowbecomethenationslargestpublicartprogram。【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了费城壁画的发展历史及其重大意义。1 D解析：由本段第一句可知，费城因为许多东西而闻名.D项“但是有一

25、个事实不是很为人所知”是对前文的转折，同时引出本文所要介绍的内容，承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。2 A解析：上一句介绍了费城拥有比世界其他城市都多的壁画；下文介绍了费城壁画发展的历史。A项“这是怎么出现的？”承上启下,符合语境。故选A项.3 E解析:根据下一句中的“therewereother,evenmoreimportant，benefits可知，这些问题少年参与到壁画的创作中，并且在这个过程中带来了更重要的益处.E项“从这个小小的项目中，一些神奇的事情发生了引出了对壁画益处的介绍,符合语境。故选E项。4 C解析:根据下一句“Itishardforanyone.。notfeelproudt

26、obeapartofPhiladelphia.”可知，人们开始将这些壁画当作是费城引以为傲的一部分。C项意为“他们同样学会了为自己的社区感到骄傲”，句中的“also”承接上文，takepridein与下文中的“feelproud相呼应，承上启下，符合语境.故选C项.5 G解析:根据下一句“Itisalsoamodelforothercities.。”可知，最后总结了壁画对费城产生的影响。G项意为“由于它的成功，这个壁画项目已经成为整个国家最大的公共艺术项目”，是对费城壁画的地位评价，总结全文，符合语境.故选G项。错误!短文改错（2019郑州一中上学期高三入学测试）Theincidenthadh

27、appenedonmywaytoabookstoreontherainySundayafternoon.Iwaswaitingforthegreenlightwhenagirlabouttenwasknockeddownbyapassingcar,thatdroveoffquickly。Amanimmediatelyrushedtothegirltogivehimfirstaid。Ijoinedinwithoutanyhesitate.Ayoungwomancalled110andthepolicessoonarrivedatthescene。Fortunateshewasnotbadlyinjuredandwesenthertothenearesthospital。Comparingwiththeescapeddriver,