(浙江省选考)月高考英语专题一高频词汇分类集训与语篇训练话题十三自然与环境

1、话题十三自然与环境11r话题词汇梳理与对应训练1. abundant adj .丰盛的；大量的；充裕的be abundant in = be rich in 富于2. appreciate v.欣赏；重视；典法 理解；整谡 appreciate doing.欣贲；感激I would appreciate it if.如果我将不胜感激。3. approach v.靠近；接近；着手处理，对付n.靠近；通路，路径；方法，方式approach to.的方式 /方法4. burn vt .& vi .燃烧，烧毁burn down把烧毁；渐渐烧完burn.to the ground 把烧成平地5.

2、 calmadj.镇静的，沉着的；风平浪静的；无风的v.（使）平静，（使）镇静calm down（使）平静、镇静下来6. condition n.状态；状况；环境；境况；条件in good/bad condition 身体好/不好；斗犬态好/不好out of condition身体不好；状态不佳on condition that. 条件是on no condition 决不（置于句首，句子用倒装 ）7. damagei. &v.损害；伤害；破坏cause/do damage to 对造成损害8. danger n.危险；危害；威胁in danger 处于危险中out of danger

3、脱离危险9. decrease n & v 减少，降低decrease by/to减少/至 Uon the decrease 在减少10. demandvi .& vt . 强烈要求，请求n.要求，需求demand (of sb.) to do.要求(某人)做demand that(should) do 要求in demand 需要11. forbid vt . 禁止；不准forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forbid sb.to do sth./from doing sth.禁止某人做某事12. impress vt . 使印象深刻；使铭记；使意识到impress

4、 sth.on/upon sb. 使某人牢记某事impress sb.with sth. 某事给某人留下深刻印象leave/make/create a/animpression on sb.给某人留下个的印象13. likely adj . 有可能的adv. 很可能be likely to do.可能做It is likely that.可能14. measurev.测量；度量；量度为；估量，判定n.措施；方法；尺度；规范；计量制；计量单位take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事make sth.to one s measure 照某人的尺寸做某

5、物15. messn.混乱，脏乱；脏或乱的状态v.弄乱，弄脏in a mess 混乱，脏乱mess up 弄脏；弄乱；弄糟16. owev.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归因于；归功于owe sb.sth. = owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物；把归功于 owing to 由于17. reserve v.贮存；保留；预订；保护n.储备；贮藏；保护区reserve sth.for 为保留某物in reserve 备用18. fire 短语catch fire 着火set fire to = set sth.on fire 放火烧19. leave 短语leave off 停止leave alone

6、不打扰；不理会；不干预leave aside不考虑；搁置一边leave behind 遗留；把丢在后面leavefor 离开去leave out 删掉；漏掉；不理会；忽视20. note 短语take note of 注意 ( 到 ) ；留意 ( 到 )make/take notes 做笔记I .单句语法填空1 Indonesia is abundant petroleum deposits.2 I don t appreciate (treat) like a second-class citizen.3 The job market has changed and our approach

7、 to (find) work must change as well.4 I will lend you the money on condition you pay it in one month.5 The film s special effects are particularly (impress)6 Tom wondered why everything was in mess.7 Frankly speaking ， I have little money reserve.8 The number of car accidents is the decrease.9 He fo

8、und he could no longer cope with his (demand) job.10 I d appreciate if you could let meknow in advance whether or not you will come.11 Everyone is forbidden (smoke) here.12 It seems to me that he s likely (know) the answer.5 / 1313 They were so careless that they left an important detail.14 He owes

9、his success his teachers and parents.15 There are some tall trees on the hill， some （measure） 30 meters.n.按要求完成句子16 I would be grateful to you for turning off the lights.（用 appreciate改写 ）2 With the time for graduation approaching（ 用 corner 短语改写）we are busy with our papers.（ 用 as 引导的时间状语从句改写）3 You mu

10、st on no condition tell them the secret.（改为倒装句）4 I was impressed by the beautiful scenery and forgot to go back home on time.（过去分词短语作状语改写）5她要求他归还向她借的书。（一句多译）（that 从句 ）7 / 13（简单句）同义句转换）6. The teacher forbids our talking aloud in class.（The teacher forbids us aloud in class.话题语篇训练（一）阅读理解Since the firs

11、t Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot“greener" towardthe environment."We didn' t know at that time that there even was an environment,let alone that there was a problem with it , " says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in pu

12、blic affairs has grown into a social movement.Business people , political leaders , university professors , and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. aThe understanding has increased many , many times , " says Gaylord Nelson , the former governor from Wis

13、consin , who thought up the first Earth Day.According to USgovernment reports , emissions（ NE放）from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 million tons.The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9.Although serious problems still remai

14、n and need to be dealt with , the world is a safer and healthier place.A kind of “green thinking " has become part of practices.Great improvement has been achieved.In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs ; today in 1995 there are about 6,600.Advanced lights, motors , and building designs

15、have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.Twenty-five years ago , there were hardly any education programs for environment.Today , it ' s hard to find a public school , university , or law school that does not have such a kind of program. "Until we do that , nothing

16、 else will change!” says Bruce Anderson.1. According to Anderson , before 1970 , Americans had little idea about .A. the social movementB. recycling techniquesC. environmental problemsD. the importance of Earth Day2. Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?A. The grass-r

17、oots level.B. The business circle.C. Government officials.D. University professors.3. What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?A. They have cut car emissions to the lowest.B. They have settled their environmental problems.C. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.D. They h

18、ave reduced pollution through effective measures.4. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?A. Education. B . Planning.C. Green living. D . CO reduction.（二）七选五Do you want to know how to live an environmentally friendly lifestyle? Here is a short list

19、 of ways that you can help protect the environment. Prevent energy leaks（ 泄漏 ）at home.Heating and cooling can make up to 50 percent of your energy bill each month. 5 So you' ll save money and reduce your influence on the environment. Plant trees in your yard and community.Everyone knows that pla

20、nting trees can help the environment. 6 Trees cool yourhome, reducing the energy used for cooling.Trees improve mental health.Trees reduce noise pollution.If you use ceiling fans during hot summer days, you can create a cooling environment.A few ceiling or regular fans properly placed in your home c

21、an reduce the amount of time you spend with the air conditioning on. Use solar energy more often.8 There are lots of inexpensive solar products you can try out.For example,solar-powered lights.How about solar cell phone chargers? Additionally, there aremany forms of passive solar energy that can hel

22、p you take advantage of the sun.Think about green transportation.Just sit and think about a few environmentally friendly ways you can get from one place to another. 9 You can walk or bike to the corner store.Walking instead of driving to a store is a great way to help the environment!A. Trees have m

23、any good influences.B. Use natural wind to dry your clothes.C. There are many ways to use solar power.D. Use ceiling fans to cool off in summer.E. You can take a bus when going to the movie theater.F. Turn off lights and electronic devices when you' re not using them.G. You can heat and cool you

24、r home more efficiently by fixing leaks.（三）完形填空On an airplane as she was flying across the United States, Dr Jane Goodall noticeda woman sitting next to her.She asked the woman why she was so tired, and the womansaid she was absolutely 10 because she ' d been up at two in the morning trying to 1

25、1 the water.Her young daughter was in an environmental group at school and her daughter ' s passion had turned to making sure her 12 was eco-friendly.They were staying at thewoman s brother ' s house the night befo re her trip , and in the middle of the night her daughter woke up to the 13 o

26、f a dripping faucet（ 水龙头）.The daughter asked for 14 turning it off as the faucet handle was 15 .Theonly way to 16 theleak was to dig to the pipe in the front lawn to find the main valve to turn the water off , and her daughter wouldn ' t go to sleep until the leak stopped.So at two in the mornin

27、g 17 in the family was out in the yard helping to 18 to turn off the water.Young people have much more 19 to start and accomplish changes than what 20may believe.When children make a change in their lives , families are 21 along to become environmentally friendly.The story also shows that 22 actions

28、 can have a big impact.We 23 to think about 24 events like Clean and Green Week.Instead, a lot of small changes canmake a(n) 25 .If hundreds or thousands of students 26 theirfamilies to turnoff the tap to save water , move the air conditioning temperature 27 a degree ortwo in summer, 28 less and mak

29、e other environmentally-friendly changes, the 29 family may change its behaviors.10. A.exhausted B . delightedC. sad D . angry11. A.turn on B . turn offC. take along D . bring along12. A.mother B . familyC. school D . group13. A.sound B . voiceC. rhyme D . music14. A.advice B . pleasureC. help D . t

30、rouble15. A.opened B . thrownC. dropped D . broken16. A.stop B . preventC. hold D . cut17. A.someone B . anyoneC. everyone D . no one18. A.fix B . digC. mend D. fit19. A.power B . timeC. enthusiasm D . wisdom20. A.officials B . teenagersC. teachers D . adults21. A.saved B . praisedC. seated D . drag

31、ged22. A.important B . smallC. unnecessary D . children ' s23. A.plan B . tendC. attempt D . mean24. A.new B . traditionalC. big D . social25. A.living B . differenceC. effort D . fortune26. A.want B . allowC. convince D . force27. A.off B . awayC. down D . up28. A.eat B . walkC. drive D . consu

32、me29. A.rich B . largeC. entire D . ordinary为你支招13完形填空的解题步骤及答题方法一、解题三步骤1 .通读全文，把握主线浏览全文，从而获得整体感知，理解文章大意是解题的基础，尤其注意首尾句（首尾段）信息。2 .细读文章，把握文脉在理解大意的情况下，准确把握文章脉络发展，主人公思想情感的变化是关键，结合选项，在做题过程中，遵循文章叙述事件的过程以及作者情感变化进行选择，尤其注意瞻前顾后，判断推理。3重读复核，消除疏漏将选定的答案代入文章进行复读，确保全文文意连贯，思路通畅，情感变化有据可依。始终用“中心思想和写作目的”这把尺子衡量所选择的每个选项。二

33、、答题六方法1 合理推断凭逻辑把握各段落、句子之间的逻辑关系，加深对文章的全面理解，重点关注文中表示各种逻辑关系的关键词，如转折关系（yet ， however， but ， nevertheless 等 ） ， 让步关系（although ， though等 ） ， 因果关系（because of， thus ， since 等 ）， 并列关系（and ， meanwhile 等 ） 及例证关系（forexample 等 ） 。2分析语境辨词义针对选项词义的辨析，在具体语言环境中进行把握，并注意对上下文逻辑关系的理解。3瞻前顾后寻复现每个题目在文章中都能找到信息依据，在解题中揣摩文章字里行间

34、的意义，选择与作者思路相吻合的选项。4左顾右盼找搭配注意所填的词与空格前后词语的习惯搭配，尤其空格前后的名词、动词、介词等与各选项之间的搭配关系。5推理信息依背景结合生活经验和常识体会语篇所给的语境，做出合理推断，确定正确选项。6明晰结构借语法设题重点在代词、介词和从句的连接词等几个角度，解题时运用语法结构分析长难句，明晰各个选项的细微差异。答案解读话题词汇梳理与对应训练I . 1.in 2.being treated 3.finding 4.that 5.impressive 6.a 7.in 8.on 9.demanding 10.it11.to smoke 12.to know 13.o

35、ut 14.to 15.measuringn .1.1 ' d appreciat e it if you would turn off the lights.2. With the time for graduation just around the corner ， we are busy with our papers.As the time for graduation is approaching/drawing near, we are busy with our papers.3. On no condition must you tell them the secre

36、t.4. Impressed by the beautiful scenery , I forgot to go back home on time.5. She demanded that he (should) return the books he borrowed from her. She demanded of him to return the books he borrowed from her.6. to talk话题语篇训练(一)语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了环保意识在美国从无到有，逐渐增强，说明环保教育势在必行。1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段的" We di

37、dn' t know at that time that there even was an environment , let alone that there was a problem with it.” 可知， 当时美国人对环境问题没有足够的认识，因此应选择C项。2. A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句"Business people , political leaders , university professors , and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement：可知，这里强调了这个运动的主要支持者应该是那些普通的美国民众，因此答案应是 A项 The grass-roots level 。 3. D 细节理解题。文章第三段的第一句说明了汽车和卡