过去分词及练习

1、精选资料，欢迎下载考点一、过去分词作定语1. 单个过去分词作定语。单个过去分词作定语时，常常放在被修饰的词语之前。例如：Autu mn comes, and there are many falle n leaves on the street.We must adapt our thi nki ng to the chan ged con ditio ns.我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况注意：如果单个过去分词所修饰的词语为不定代词 nothing,anything,something 或指示代词 those,this,these 等时，过去分词常常放在被修饰的词语后面。例如：There

2、 is nothing cha nged in my hometow n since 1999.2. 过去分词短语作定语。过去分词短语作定语，常常放在被修饰的词语之后，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 例如： Most of the guests in vited to my birthday party were my school frien ds. = Most of the guests who were in vited to my birthday party were my school frien ds.The concert give n by their friends was

3、a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功 .3. 过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号 .The meeti ng, atte nded by over five thousa nd people, welcomed the great hero.他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会 ,到会的有五千多人 .4. 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关 .The boy looked up with a pleased expressio n.男孩带着满意的表情举目而视 注意区别 :1.非谓语动词的被动式作定

4、语的三种形式：the bridge to be built（表示将来的被动的动作）将要建造的桥（表示正在进行的被动动the bridge bei ng built正在建造的桥the bridge built造好的桥 （表示完成的被动动作）2. 过去分词和 -ing 分词作定语的区别： 过去分词作定语和 -ing 分词作定语有一定的区别。试比较下面几组短语 : boiled water 开水 boiling water 正沸腾的水 developed coun tries 发展的国家develop ing coun发展中国家falle n leaves 落叶 falli ng leaves ch

5、atries 正在飘落的nged con diti on改变了的情况 叶子 变化着的情况由此可见，过去分词作定语通常表示完成 -ing 分词作定语可以表示正在进行的主动的动作 的或被动的动作；而考点二、过去分词作表语1. 过去分词用作表语时，通常说明主语所处的状态或感受等。例如： I noticed the doors and windows were locked when I came to see him. She seemed terribly shocked upon hearing the sad news.过去分词和 -ing 分词作表语的区别： 过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的

6、状态或感受，修饰人；而 -ing 分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征，修饰 物.如： Heari ng the news, we felt very surprised.听到那个消息，我们感到很惊讶The n ews is very surpris ing.这个消息很令人惊讶。They were frighte ned to hear the frighte ning sound.他们听至 U 那可怕的声音很害怕。看至 U 这么动人的情景，At the sight of the moving scene, all the people prese nt were moved to tears.所

7、有在场的人都感动得流下了眼泪。英语中这样的分词还有很多，如：amus ing, amused; en courag ing, en couraged; disappo in ti ng,disappo in ted;excit ing, excited; puzzli ng,puzzled; satisfy ing, satisfied;worryi ng, worried;tiri ng,tired;pleas ing, pleased; in terest in g, i nterested; ast onishing, ast oni shed等。实战演练：1The water in t

8、his glass is too hot.I prefer some coldwater.A. to boil B. hav ing boiledCboiled D. boili ng2The problem justis an importa nt on e.A. to be referredto B. referred toC.referri ngt D. referred oA man was killed. Where is the body of the man? A. murder B. murderedC.murderi ng D.hav ingmurdere d4. China

9、 Daily, first in 1980, is very popular with stude nts of En glish in China.A. published B. was published C. hav ing published D. hav ing bee n published5. The great hall was crowded with many people, many childrenon their parents laps.A. in clud ing; seated B. in clud ing; seat ing C. in clud ing; s

10、atD. in cluded; sitti ng6. How did Bob do in the exam this time?Well, his father seems with his results. A. pleas ing B. please C. pleased D. toplease7. Prices of daily goods through a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are bought B. bought C. bee n bought D. buying8. What's the main pur

11、pose of tonight' s meeting?We are going to talk about the problem at the last meeting.A. discussed B. discuss ing C. being discussed D. hav ing discussed9. The first textbooksfor teaching English as a foreign Ianguage came out in the 16th century.A. having written B. to be written C. being writt

12、en D. written10. How do you deal with the disagreeme nt betwee n the compa ny and the customers?The keytheproblem is to meet the dema nd by the customers.A. to solvi ng; mak ing B. to solvi ng; made C. to solve; mak ingD. to solve; made Key: 15 CBBAA610 CBADB考点三过去分词作宾语补足语表示宾语是过去分词动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系:

13、have, make, get, keep, leave等。明天我要理发。常见的情况有及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语， 下列几种：一、表示“致使”意义的动词。如 (1) I'll have my hair cut tomorrow.（2） He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.（3） Don't leave those things undone.他昨天把牙拔了。要把那些事情做完。他设法按时完成了任务。(4) He managed to get the task finished on time. 注意：使役动词 have 接过去分词作宾补

14、有两种情况。 主语让别人做某事，强调主语的意志。如：He had his hair cut yesterday. 他昨天理发了。 Later on thecenter had a great many new trees planted.后来， 这个中心让人种了很多树。 主语遭到某种不幸或陷入恶劣的环境，说明宾语的一种无意识的被动行为。如：He had his leg broken in the match last month.他在上星期的比赛中摔断了腿。He had one eye lost in the war. 在战争中，他失去了一只眼睛。【高考链接】 in a short1. Jen

15、ny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English period. ( 福建卷 )A. improvedB. improving C. to improveD. improve2. Helen had to shout above the sound of the music. （ 全国 II 卷 ）A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard二、表示

16、感觉或心理状态的动词 . 如 : see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think ， find 等。 I heard the song sung in English.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。He found his hometown greatly changed.他发现他的家乡变化很大。She saw the wounded man carried into the hospital.她看到这个受伤的男人被抬进了医院。【高考链接】 To learn English well, we should fi

17、nd opportunities to hear English as much as wecan. （ 2008 江苏卷 ） A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak三、表“希望，要求”的动词：want, wish, expect, wish, like, order+ （to be ） done如：I want the work （ to be ） finished by Sunday.Jim ordered the room （to be ） cleaned【高考链接】She wants her paintings in the gallery

18、, but we don t think they would be very popular. （ 上海）A. display B. to display C. displaying D. displayed四、with/without+ 宾语 +过去分词，表示伴随情况的独立结构。如： With everything taken into consideration, we all think this is a very good plan.每件事都考虑到了，我们都认为这是一项不错的计划。With different methods used, different results are

19、obtained.采用不同的方法，得到不同的结果。She went angrily away without a word spoken. 她一个字也没说，就生气地走了。The day ended with nothing settled. 那一天什么也没解决就结束了。【高考链接】1. You have no idea how she finished the relay race her foot wounded so much. （2008福建卷 ）A. forB. when C. with D. while2. John received an invitation to dinner,

20、 and with his work , he gladly accepted it. （ 2007安徽卷 )A. finishedB. finishing C. having finished D. was finished考点四过去分词作状语过去分词和 -ing 分词作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词 when 或 while 来强调时间概念。如：Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大

21、花园。Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。 表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了，停止了争吵。Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the

22、struggle.受到了讲演的鼓舞，年轻人决定起来从事斗争。 表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用 if 等词。如：Given another chance, he will do better. 再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English.和你哥哥相比你应该更 加努力学英语。If heated, water can be turned into steam.水如果被加热，会变成水蒸气。 表让步，相当于一个 though/although 引

23、导的让步状语从句。如：Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber. 尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽他们还是继续追赶那个强盗。Laughed at by many people, he continued his study. 表方式或伴随情况。如：The old man went into the room, supported by his wife. Seated at the table, my father and I were talking about my job.尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。那个

24、老人在他的妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。我和父亲坐在桌子旁边讨论着我的工作问题。过去分词作状语应注意以下几点。一、 过去分词与句子主语之间的关系（ 1）过去分词作状语表示被动或完成的动作。过去分词与句子主语之间通常存在逻辑上的动宾关系。如：Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。【高考链接 1 】 not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.（ 2009 福建卷 ）A. Reminding B.

25、 Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded 【答题指导】分词在句子中作状语，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主 语一致。使用何种分词，要取决于分词与句子主 语之间的关系：主谓关系用现在分词，动宾或被动关系用过去分词。比较： Seen from the sky, our city is very beautiful.（ our city与 see 之间是被动关系 ）Seeing from the sky, we find our city is very beautiful. （ we 与 see 之间是主谓关系 ）（ 2）有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表

26、被动而表主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost （迷路）；seated （坐）；hidden （躲）；lost in （沉迷于.）;dressed in （穿着）。由某些动词后面加-ed转化来的形容词也具有此用法，如 frightened, satisfied, tired, disappointed等。如：Surprised at what had happened, Tom didn' tknow what to do. 汤姆对发生的一切非常惊讶，以至于不知如何是好。【高考链接 2】_ _ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were

27、the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.2009 浙江卷 )A. To be tried B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired二、 过去分词作状语所表示的意义 过去分词作状语时表示时间、条件、原因、让步时可转换为相应的状语从句；表示方式、 结果和伴随时可转化为 并列分句。如：Looked (=If it is looked ) at a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful. 幅画似乎要漂亮得多。隔着一段距离看，这The cup fell down to the g

28、round, broken. = The cup fell down to the ground and it was broken.茶杯掉到了地上，碎了。【高考链接 3 】 _ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars. (2009江西卷 ) A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given【高考链接 4】 Michael ' s new house is like a huge

29、palace, with his old one. ( 2009A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared重庆卷 )三、 “连词 +过去分词”结构 根据主句主语和从句主语一致且从句含有动词 be 时可省略从句主语和动词 be 的原则，可把状语从句变换为 “连 词 + 过去分词” 结构。常用的连词有 if, unless, when, as, once, even if/ even though, as if, though/ although等。如：I won ' t attend his birthday party unle

30、ss invited （=unless I am invited ）. 除非被邀请，否则我不去参加他的生日晚会。 【高考链接 5】 Every evening after dinner, if not _ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. （ 2009 湖南卷） A. being tiredB. tiring C. tired D. to be tired四、独立主格结构由一个名词或代词作为逻辑主语 , 加上一个分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成 这种结构在形式 上与主句没有关系 , 通常被称为独立主格结构

31、。（一）独立主格结构的构成：名词（代词）+ 名词名词（代词）+ 现在分词名词（代词）+ 过去分词名词（代词）+ 形容词名词（代词）+ 副词名词（代词）+ 不定式名词（代词）+ 介词短语构成独立主格结构主要起状语作用 , 相当于一个状语从句 , 多用来表示行为、方式、伴随等情况 , 有时也可用来表示时 间、原因、 条件等情况。1 、名词或代词主格 + 现在分词Winter coming, it gets colder and colder.= The winter comes, and it gets colder and colder.The girl staring at him, he d

32、idn' t know what to say. =As the girl stared at him, he didnt knowwhat to sayTime permitting, we can have a walk around the playground after supper.2. 名词或代词主格 + 过去分词The experiment done, the students went on to take notes in the experiment report.实验做完了 , 同学们继续在实验报告上做记录。He was listening attentivel

33、y in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.The work done, he went back home.= When the work was done, he went back home.3、名词或代词主格 + 形容词 Computers very small, we can use them widely.电脑虽小 , 我们却能广泛地利用它们。 The clothes very dirty, you'd better wash them quickly.衣服很脏 , 你快点儿洗洗吧4 、名词或代词主格 + 不定式Many tre

34、es, flowers, and grass to be planted, our school will look even more beautiful.种上许多的树、花和草后，我们新建的学校看上去将更美。A lot of home work to do, I can' tgo with you. 还有很多作业要做，我不能和你走。5 、名词或代词主格 + 介词短语我们的英语老师走进了教室 , 手里拿 山谷中有一条河 , 河两岸长满了鲜花。散会了 , 校长很快就离开了会议室。, 我们不能继续工作了。两百人死于事故，其中有许多儿童 Our English teacher came in

35、to the classroom, papers in hand. 卷。 There is a river in the valley, fresh flowers on the banks.6 、名词或代词主格 + 副词 The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting-room.灯熄了 The lights off, we could not go on with the work.7. 名词（代词）+名词His first shot failure ， he fired again 他第一枪没击中，又打了一枪。 Two hund

36、red people died in the accident, many of them children.三、提高练习1. I ' m going to have my car . A. to be fixed B. to fix C. fixed D. to fix2. What ' s the language in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak3. _ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.A. Followed B. Followed

37、by C. Being followed D. having been followed by4. He had his leg in the match yesterday. A. to break B. broken C. break D. breaking5. Most of the people to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B. to invite C. beinginvited D. inviting6. more attention, the trees could have grown better. A. Gi

38、ven B. To give C. Giving D. Havinggiven7. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D.tied8. The computer center, last year, is very popular among the students in this school.A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened9. in thought, h

39、e almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. LostD. To lose10. The Olympic Games, in 776BC, didn' t include women players until 1912.A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first played11. Don ' tget in the rain. A. to be caught B. catching C

40、. to catch D. caught12. I found a car in a pool by the side of the road. A. to be stuck B. stuck C. stickingD. stick13. -By the way, when did you get your bedroom ? -Last week.A. to paint B. painted C. painting D. to be painted14. The children were found in the cave. A. trapping B. trapped C. to be

41、trapped D. betrapped15. They found a old woman on the ground when the door was broken down.A. dying, lying B. dead, lied C. death, laying D. died, lain16. On a _ morning the little girl was found at the corner of the street.A. freezing, freezing B. freezing, frozen C. frozen, frozen D. frozen, freez

42、ing17. No one enjoys fun of in public. A. making B. being made C. to be made D. to make18. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word _ .A. speaking B. spoken C. to be spoken D. speak19. from space, the earth, with water seventy percent of its surface, looks like a blueball.A

43、. Seen, covered B. Seen, covering C. Seeing, covering D. Seeing, covered20. An crowd is awaiting the arrival of the film star. A. excited B. exciting C. exciteD. excitedly21. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _for the day. （2007 重庆卷 ）A. finishingB. finished C. had finishe

44、d D. were finished22. _ , her suggestion is of greater value than yours.A. All things considering B. All things considered C. All things were considered D. With all things were considered23. _ ,all the students ran out of the classroom.A. Class was overB. Class is over C. Class over D. When class ov

45、er24. _ ,everything has changed.A.Time goes on B.Time going on C.As time going on D.With time went on25. _ ,they will go to the zoo.A. Weather permitting B. Weather permitted C. Weather being permitted D.Weather having permitted26. A lot of homework _,they have to go home. A. to do B.done C.doing D.

46、to be doing1-5 C B B B A 6-10 A D D C A 1115 D B B B A 16-20 B B B B A 21-25 B B C B A 26-30过去分词做定语、表语专项练习1. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.A. invited B. to inviteC. being invited D. had been invited2. The computer center, _ last year, is very popular among the students in

47、 this school.A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened3. Cleaning women in big cities usually get_ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay5. Don ' tuse words, expressions, or phrases only to people with specific knowledge.A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known6 E

48、nglish is different from English in many ways.A. Spoken; written B. Speaking; written C. Spoken; writing D. Speak; write7 The woman there under the tree, in a blue shirt, is our headmaster.A. sitting; wearing B. sitting; dressed C. seating; dressed D. seated; dressing8 Linda worked for the Minnesota

49、 Manufacturing Mining Company,_ as 3M.A. knowing. B. known. C. being known. D. to be known9 The dishes lay on the floor. A breaking. B. broken. C. broke. D. break10 the ship, by a huge piece of iceberg, cam to a sudden stop. A. hitting. B. hit. C.hitted.D. to hit.11 Sandy, hurry up. I' m afraid

50、you won ' t have time to before the party.A. get changed. B. get change. 12. get changing. D. get to change.12 he seems quite at the idea. A. pleasing. B. pleased. C. please. D. pleasant.13 . She felt rather that she shouldn ' t drive the car at such a speed.A.frightening, frightening B.frig

51、htened, frightened C. frightening, frightened D. frightened, frightening14 Tell Mary that there' s someone for her at the door. A. waiting. B. waits. C. waited. D. towait.15 there is a big dog to a fence outside the house. A. tying. B. tied. C. to tie. D. ties.16 The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B.C.

52、did not include women players until 1912.A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing17. What he has done is really _ . Now his parents are him.A. disappointing; disappointed at B. disappointing; disappointed aboutC. disappointing; disappointed with D. disappointed;

53、disappointing by19. Mr Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel.A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring20. As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers_ by her mother.A. buying B. being bought C. were bought D. bought21. As we joined the

54、big crowd I got from my friends.A. separated B. spared C. lost D.missed22. The students, _ at the way the question was put, didn' t know how to answer it.A being surprised B. surprising C. surprised D. having surprised23. The first textbooks for teaching English as a foreign language came out in

55、 the 16th century.A having written B. to be written C. being written D. written24. Look at the note _ to the door, you will see that someone paid a visit when we are away.A. pinning B. pinned C. being pinned D. is pinned25. I was very _ to find all the tickets had been sold out when I got there.A. d

56、isappoint B. to disappoint C. disappointing D. disappointed26 . - A woman was killed. - Where is the body of the woman?A. murder B. murdered C. murdering D. having murdered27 .The _ look on the girl' s face suggested that she _ such bad news.A. surprising, would expectB. surprised, should expect

57、C. surprising, shouldn ' t have been expected D. surprised, hadn ' t expected28 . You' ll find the word "psychology"_under "P" in your dictionary.A. have listed B. list C. listedD. listing29 . From the date _ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago.A.marking B.marked C.