2018上海高考压轴卷英语含解析

1、绝密启封前S5U2018上海市高考压轴卷英语考生注意：1 .考试时间120分钟，试卷?t分150分。2 .本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第I卷（第112页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上 一律不得分。答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题 纸反而清楚地填写姓名。第I卷（共103分）Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations betw

2、een two speaers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be ased about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoen only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer t

3、o the question you have heard.1. A. 2 liters.B. 13 liters.C. 26 liters. D. 52 liters.2. A. In an English class.B. In a swimming pool.C. On a bus.D. In a sporting goods store.3. A. By bus.B. By underground.C. By tai.D. By car.4. A. Doctor and patient.B. Teacher and student.C. Employer and Employee.D.

4、 Salesman and customer.5. A. Have a lesson.B. Tae a test.C. See a film.D. Go to bed.6. A. Difficult.B. Memorable.C. Uninteresting.D. Worthwhile.B. She d lie some alcohol.7. A. She wants a bottle of juice.C. The red wine in this bar is perfect. D. The location of the bar is unnown.8. A. An ecellent r

5、 Sum eB. An entry form.C. A job offer.D. The position of system engineer.9. A. It s famous.B. It s professional.C. It s epensive.D. It s cheating.10. A. The 26-month-old baby is always busy watching videos.B. TV and videos may hurt a child s language development.C. Nothing can replace parents in ids

6、language development.D. Children usually watch TV too passively to learn something.Section BDirections In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages, and you will be ased several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages wi

7、ll be read twice, but the questions will be spoen only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following dialogue.C. Interesting.D. Nervous.B. Ho

8、w to develop a real interest.D. How to balance his study and wor.8. He loves the feeling withD. He wants to determine his future11. A. Encouraging.B. Dishonest.12. A. How to start his own business.C. How to spea to a woman bravely.13. A. He has too loose a schedule.students.C. He is dissatisfied wit

9、h his current job.development.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. ids threw litter everywhere.B. The camp director gave rude orders.C. Some mysterious plastic litter was found.D. ids joint efforts led to a clean camp.15. A. By taing pictures of litter he piced up.B. By

10、sharing photos of the terribly dirty planet.C. By eeping a record of crowdsourced cleaning-up.D. By inspiring ids to pic up five pieces of litter every day.16. A. There is strength in numbers.B. Birds can help to pic up litter.C. Litter is artistic and approachable.D. More straws should be used in t

11、he caf eQuestions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.17. A. To enable students to reject violence.B. To help students face struggles more properly.C. To improve students health.D. To eliminate poverty more effectively.18. A. How to calm down by taling to eperts.B. How to clear their mi

12、nd throughout the day.C. How to mae their teachers happy.D. How to respond to situations better.19. A. More students dropped out last year.B. There is less bad behavior on campus.C. Students are less responsible for their study.D. More students are willing to be sent to the office.20. A. Its effect

13、remains to be seen.B. Everyone can benefit from it.C. It helps to get rid of poverty to some etent.D. There is enough evidence to show its significance.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections After reading the passagesbelow, fill in the blans to mae the passagescoherent and grammatically corre

14、ct. For the blans with a given word, fill in each blan with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blans, use one word that best fits each blan.On the morning of September 11, 2001, computer sales manager Michael Hingson , who is blind , went early to his office on the 78 th floor of the

15、North Tower of the World Trade Center to prepare for a meeting . As Michael wored , his guide dog , a Labrador retriever _21(name) Roselle,doed by his feet.At 846 a.m, a tremendous boom roced the building , eliciting screams throughout the floor . Michael grabbed Roselle , trusting that the dog _22(

16、lead) out of the danger, and theynavigated their way to a stairwell.1 Forward, ” Machael instructed , and they descended the first of 1,463 steps to the lobby._23about ten floors , the stairwell grew crowded and hot ,and the fumes from jet fuelhad made it hard to breathe. When a woman became cray ,

17、yelling that they wouldn t mae it. Roselle accompanied the woman _24she finally petted the dog , calmed herself , and ept walingdown the stairs.Around the 30th floor, firefighters started passing Michael on their way up . Each one stopped to offer him assistance. He declined but let Roselle be pette

18、d, _25_ (provide) many of the firefighters with 26_ would be their last eperience of unconditional love.After about 45 minutes ,Michael and Roselle reached _27_ booby ,and 15 minutes later ,they emerged outside to a scene of chaos . Suddenly the police yelled for everyone to run as the South Tower b

19、egan to collapse.Michael ept a tight grip on Roselle s harness , using voice and hand commands, as they ran to a street opposite the crumbling tower . The street bounced lie a trampoline , and “ a deafening roar” lie a hellish freight train filled the air. Hours later , Michael andRoselle made it ho

20、me safely . At that moment , they thought they were _28(lucy ) in the world.In 2004, Roselle developed a blood disorder ,29 prevented her from guiding and touring . She died in 2011.“I 30(have) many other dogs : Mechael wrote , “but there is only one Roselle：Section BDirections Complete the followin

21、g passage by using the words in the bo. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. catalog B. barely C. free D. self-consciousness E. prospectsF. compulsory G. dropped H. assigned I. certified J. totally . transferFor thousands of commuting students, Chabot wa

22、s our Columbia, Annapolis, even our Sorbonne, offering courses in physics, stenography, auto mechanics,31 public accounting,foreign languages, journalism! name the art or science, the subject or trade, and it was probably in the 32. The college had a nursing program that churned out graduates,sports

23、 teams thatfunneled athletes to big-time programs, and paring for a few thousand cars all 33, but forthe effort and the cost of used tetboos.Classmatesincluded veterans bac from Vietnam, women of every marital and maternal status returning to school, middle-aged men wanting to improve their employme

24、nt 34 and paybacs.We could get our general education requirement out of the way at Chabot credits we could35 to a university which made those two years an invaluable head start. I was able to go onto the California State University in Sacramento (at $95 a semester, just 36 affordable) andstudy no ot

25、her subject but my major, theater arts. (After a year there I moved on, enrolling in a little thing called the School of Hard nocs, a.a. Life.)“By some flue of the punch-card computer era, I made Chabot' s dean' s list taing classes I loved (oral interpretation), classesI hesitated (health,

26、a requirement), classesI aced, and classesI37 after the first hour (astronomy, because it was all math). I nearly failed oology, illing myfruit flies by neglect, but got lucy in an English course, “The College Reading Eperience. The boos of Carlos Castaneda were incomprehensible to me (and still are

27、), but my 38 presentation on the analytic process called structural dynamics was hailed as clear and concise, though I did nothing more than embellish the definition I had looed up in the dictionary.A public-speaing class was unforgettable for a couple of reasons. First, the assignments forced us to

28、 get over our 39. Second, another student was a stewardess,as flight attendants calledthemselves in the 70' s. She was studying communications and was gorgeous. She lived not far from me, and when my VW threw a rod and was in the shop for a wee, she offered me a lift to class. I rode shotgun tha

29、t Monday-Wednesday-Friday, 40 tongue-tied. Communicating with her one-on-one was the antithesis of public speaing.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections For each blan in the following passage there are four words or phrases mared A, B, C and D. Fill in each blan with the word or phrase that b

30、est fits the contet.It' s a high-risy, multibillion-dollar industry with tight deadlines, demanding customers and lives in danger.The business is 41 . And it' s booming.The number of jobs for translators and interpreters doubled in the past 10 years while their wages steadily 42 before, duri

31、ng and after the recession. During a period of stagnating （停滞的） wages across the labor maret, the language-service industry with its 50,000 jobs is a 43 spot in the jobs outloo.Lillian Clementi is a French translator woring in corporate communications from her home in Arlington, Massachusetts and is

32、 routinely on tight deadlines to hand in translated material. "The riss can be huge, said Clementi, “There' s tons of 44 pressure.In some cases, a（n） 45 translation or interpretation is also vital. If a user' s guide for medical equipment is not translated well, it could lead to 46 duri

33、ng an emergency. Soldiers in conflict areas require ecellent interpreters to spea with community members. Any change of tone or contet could put lives 47 .Translators' and interpreters'immunity （免疫力）to the nation ' s economic downturn also48 the growing demand for people who can spea sev

34、erallanguagesin an increasingly globalied economy, eperts said.Good translators who 49 a particular subject and become really good at it can really mae si-digit figures annually,“said Jiri Stejsal, spoesman for the American Translators Association.Multinational corporations, U.S. demographic （ 人口的）c

35、hanges and the Internet economy raise the need for translated and localied information. Companies increasingly want their content 50 to the tongue of the town, even between dialects of the same language.“As more people 51 the worldwide economy, that' s going to drive more commerce, and that'

36、 s going to drive more language services,“ said Bill Rivers, eecutive director of the National Council for Language and International Studies in the Washington region.52 , qualifications for translators and interpreters are not as simple as they may seem. Speaing two languages does not mean a person

37、 can wor in the language-service industry, eperts said. Learning how to translate or interpret is a 53 sill beyond nowing the language.Furthermore, the most successfultranslators and interpreters maintain a 54, such as legaldocuments, quarterly earnings reports or a special nowledge of industry.Tech

38、nological advances may cut jobs in some industries, but online translation services lie Google Translate 55 raise demand for human translators and interpreters, eperts said. Online salescompanies also drive demand for translation.41. A. tourismB. languageC. technologyD. economy42. A. shranB. changed

39、C. grewD. remained43. A. brightB. scenicC. historicD. tough44. A. moneyB. peerC. bloodD. time45. A. properB. quicC. directD. innovative46. A. diseaseB. depressionC. violenceD. confusion47. A. in orderB. at ris C,under controlD. out of state48. A. highlightsB. understands C. increases D. resists49. A

40、. set upB.depend onC. specialie in D. object to50. A. limited B. accustomedC. relatedD. tailored51. A. agree withB. have access to C. are confident of D. insist on52. A. InsteadB. ThereforeC. HoweverD. Otherwise53. A. separateB. geneticC. learnable D.worthwhile54. A. certificate B. diploma C. strate

41、gy D. specialty55 A. automatically B. respectively C. actually D. immediately Section BDirection ： Read the following three passages.Each passageis followed by several questions or unfinished sattments. For each of them there are four choices maredA, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best accordi

42、ng to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have eperienced what it might be lie to step into the sin of another person, thans to an unusual virtual reality （虚拟现实） device. Rie Wah

43、l, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping eperiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "

44、As I looed down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other pe

45、rson, so what you see is the eact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can foll

46、ow along. Eventually, this ind of slow synchronised （同步的） movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have show

47、n that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bia（ s 偏见） that humans have against those who don't loo or sound lie them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's assoc

48、iations between, for instance, blac people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awward. Then they ased them to control the body of a dar sinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taing the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is

49、that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less liely to thin ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of bodyswapping, people fe

50、el lie holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to have this ind of eperience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."56 The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to.A. buildin

51、g B. echanging C. controlling D. transplanting57 We can infer from the eperiment at the Be Another lab that.A. our feelings are related to our bodily eperienceB. we can learn to tae control of other people's bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the eperimentD. The Machine to B

52、e Another can help people change their sees58 In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control a dar sinned digital character, .A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramatical

53、lyD. they were more biased against those unlie them59 It can be concluded from the passage that.A. technology helps people realie their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through eperimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changin

54、g constantly ( B)Welcome to the British Museum, the grandest and the most spectacular of human history. The admission is free and we open every day from 1000 to 1530. You can eplore 10 departments includingThe Department of Africa, Oceania and the AmericasThe collection of the Department of Africa,

55、Oceania and the Americas includes around 350,000 objects. The scope of the collection is contemporary, and historical. It includes most of Africa, the Pacific and Australia, as well as the Americas. All of the collections were got during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and date from this time

56、.The Department of AsiaThe Department of Asia covers the material and visual cultures of Asia - a vast geographical area of Japan, orea, China, Central Asia, Afghanistan, South Asia and South-East Asia. The collection dates from about 4000 BC, to the present day. It represents the cultures and ways

57、of life of local people and other minority groups.The Department of Gree and Roman EmpiresThe Department of Gree and Roman Empires features antiquities ( 古董 ). It has one of the most comprehensive collections of antiquities from the Classical world, with over 100,000 objects. These mostly range in d

58、ate from the beginning of the Gree Brone Age (about 3200BC) to the time of the Roman emperor Constantine in the fourth century AD.60 The scope of the Department of Africa, Oceania and Americas doesn t include.A. Africa B. Australia C. the South AmericaD. Britain61 The earliest collection is from .A. The Department of Africa, Oceania and the AmericasB. The Department of AsiaC. The Department of Gree and Roman EmpiresD. All of the above62 The Department of Asia represents .A. the geographic features of AsiaB. the r