《AdventureinLiteratureandtheCinema》教案全面版

1、Module 3 Adventure in Literature and the CinemaGrammar非谓语动词讲解一.非谓语动词分为三类：分词，包括现在分词和过去分词现在分词-interesting surprising过去分词-interested surprised动名词-running waiting动词不定式 -to run to wait他们具有名词和形容词的某些特征，因而可以做主语，表语，宾语，定语和状语。二.要注意动名词和不定式作宾语时的区别：动名词和不定式都可以作动词的宾语，要注意哪些动词要求用不定式做宾语，哪些动词则要求用动名词作宾语。非谓语动词-动词不定式要求用不定

2、式作宾语的动词是：want, wish, like, decide, help, begin, forget, learn, ask afford, agree, ask, attempt, begin, demand, desire, dislike, expect, hate, hope, learn, decide, seem, intend, try, refuse, manage, order, fail, choose, forget, mean, pretend, promise, seek, struggle, venture, wait, 等等；非谓语动词-动词不定式He m

3、anaged to pass the exam.He persuaded me to accept the invitation.He promised to be here at nine.I didn ' t exptocsee you here.在某些复合宾语中，常先用it代表不定式，而把不定式放到后面去。例如：He considered it better to leave now.I found it impossible to finish the work on time.非谓语动词-动词不定式;不定式还可用作名由only, last, next序数词或形容词最高级修饰的

4、名词常用不定式做定语词或代词的的宾语She is always the first student to arrive at school.He is always the last one to leave the office.I don ' t think hethe best man to do the job.I have no desire to travel.You' ll findsomething to interest you here.There is no need to bother him with such trifles.非谓语动词-动词不定式不

5、带to的动词不定式在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略to的动词不定式，如let, make, have, hear, see, feel,smell, hear, watch 等。例如：The teacher makes me rewrite the composition.I heard her say that she was fed up.非谓语动词-动名词动名词是由动词原形 + ing构成，在句中可作宾语、表语、同位语等。要求用动名词做宾语的动词是：mind, enjoy, miss, imagine, finish, suggest, risk, advise, deny, prac

6、tise, require admit, acknowledge, appreciate, avoid can' t help, consider, dislike, excuse, favor, finish,keee up,miss, postpone, put off, stop, look forward to, object to, be accustomed to, be used to doing, succeed in, look like, feel like, insist on, stick to, persist in, 等等。非谓语动词-动名词例如：Some

7、people do not enjoy smoking.Because of the bad weather, we postpone holding the meeting.非谓语动词-动名词某些固定结构（动名词特殊用法）There is no + v-in g ”是不可能的”。例如：There is no knowing how old she is.(=I t is impossible to know how old she is.)There is no telling where she' s gone.(=It is impossible / difficult to k

8、now where she' s gone.)(2)make a point of + doing 认为是必要的”。例如：Our family make a point of going to church every Sunday.(=Our family make it a rule to go to church every Sunday.)(3)be on the point / verge/ brink of + doing 濒临，将要"。"例如:He was on the point of leaving.(4)on (upon) + doing 一就例

9、如：On hearing the news, I changed my plans.(=As soon as I heard the news, I changed my plans.)(5)it is no use / good + doing是没有用的"， there is no point in doing sth是没必要的例如：It is no use trying to persuade him. (= It is of no use to try to persuade him.)There is no point in telling her this news. (=

10、 It is not necessary to tell her the news.)(6)go + doing (大部分指运动和游戏)。例如：He went shopping / hiking / swimming / fishing etc.(7)动名词短语常用在以下结构中：have difficulty (in) + doing sthhave trouble (in) + doing sthhave fun (in) + doing sthhave a good time (in) + doing sthhave a hard time (in) + doing sth例 1: We

11、have great difficulty (in) solving the problem.例 2: They had problem getting there.非谓语动词在学习和使用非谓语动词时需要注意以下几点：要注意现在分词和过去分词作状语时的不同：现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。试 比较:When living abroad, he wrote many letters to his family and friends.When heated, the ice will change into water.要注意不定式和分词作宾语补足语的不同：在感官动词(see, watch,

12、 hear, feel, notice等)后既可用不带 to的不定式做宾语补语，也可 用现在分词做宾补。两者中间有时是有差别的。用现在分词时，表示动作正在发生，用不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作全部结束了。例如：A: Do you hear someone knocking at the door?B: Yes, I did. I heard him knock three times.不定式和分词作定语时的区别，不定式作定语时，不定式和所修饰的名词在意义上有动宾关系，因此，如果不定式是不及物动词，后面就应有必要的介词。如果是分词作定语，则被修饰的名词和分词之间有主谓关系。例如：Give me

13、 a piece of paper to write on.All of us look forward to the coming holiday.非谓语动词.动名词和不定式做主语和表语时的区别。一般来说，在表示比较抽象的一般的行为时，多用动名词，表示具体某次动作，特别是将来的动作时，多用不定式。例如：Reading without thorough comprehension is no good.It is quite necessary to read it many times.1。We let the raft sail down the river.2. He agreed to

14、 go.3. I don ' t want to board a sinking ship.4. The frightened man started crying.5. We heard the two men shouting. 选择朋友要经过周密考察，要经过命运的考验，不论是对其意志力还是理解力都应事先检验，看其是否值得信赖。此乃人生成败之关键，但世人对此很少费心。虽然多管闲事也能带来友谊，但大 多数友谊则纯靠机遇。人们根据你的朋友判断你的为人：智者永远不与愚者为伍。乐与某人为伍，并不表示他是知已。有时我们对一个人的才华没有信心，但仍能高度评价他的幽默感。有的友谊 不够纯洁，但能带来快乐；有些友谊真挚，其内涵丰富，并能孕育成功。一位朋友的见识比多人的祝福可贵得多。所以朋友要精心挑选，而不是随意结交。聪明的朋友则会驱散忧愁，而愚蠢的朋 友会聚集忧患。止匕外，若想让友谊地久天长。这需要技巧和判断力。有的朋友需近