银行业监督管理法

1、LawofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaonRegulationofandSupervisionovertheBankingIndustry(Adoptedatthe6thMeetingoftheStandingCommitteeoftheTenthNationalPeoplesCongressonDecember27,2003andpromulgatedbyOrderNo.11ofthePresidentofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaonDecember27,2003)ContentsChapter I GeneralProvisionsChapt

2、er II TheRegulatoryAuthorityChapter III RegulatoryandSupervisoryResponsibilitiesChapter IV SupervisoryMeasuresChapter V LegalResponsibilityChapter VI SupplementaryProvisionsChapterIGeneralProvisionsArticle 1 Thislawisenactedwithaviewtoimprovingregulationofandsupervisionoverthebankingindustry,standar

3、dizingsuchregulationandsupervision,preventingandmitigatingrisksinthebankingindustry,protectingthelawfulrightsandinterestsofdepositorsandothercustomers,andpromotingthesounddevelopmentofthebankingindustry.Article 2 ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallberesponsiblefortheregulationofan

4、dsupervisionoverthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryandtheirbusinessoperationsthroughoutthecountry.Forpurposesofthislaw,thefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryrefertothefinancialinstitutionsestablishedinthePeoplesRepublicofChinathatreceivedepositsfromthegeneralpublic,including,amongothe

5、rs,commercialbanks,urbancreditcooperativesandruralcreditcooperatives,andpolicybanks.TheprovisionsofthisLawpertainingtotheregulationofandsupervisionoverthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryareapplicabletotheregulationandsupervisionofthefinancialassetmanagementcompanies,trustandinvestmentcorpor

6、ations,financecompaniesandfinancialleasingcompaniesestablishedintheterritoryofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaandotherfinancialinstitutionsestablishedwiththeapprovalofthebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncil.ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshall,inaccordancewiththerelevantprovisio

7、nsofthisLaw,regulateandsupervisethefinancialinstitutionsthat,uponitsapproval,areestablishedoutsidethePeoplesRepublicofChina,aswellasthebusinessoperationsconductedabroadbythefinancialinstitutionsmentionedintheprecedingtwoparagraphs.Article 3 Theobjectivesofregulationofandsupervisionoverthebankingindu

8、stryaretopromotethelawful,soundandsteadyoperationofthebankingindustryandpreservepublictrustintheindustry.Thebankingindustryshallberegulatedandsupervisedinsuchawayastoprotectfaircompetitionintheindustryandincreasethecompetitivenessoftheindustry.Article 4 Whenexercisingregulationandsupervision,thebank

9、ingregulatoryauthorityshallfollowtheprinciplesoflaw-abidingopenness,impartialityandefficiency.Article 5 Performanceofthedutiesofsupervisioninaccordancewithlawbybankingregulatoryauthorityanditsstaffmembersengagedinsupervisionshallbeprotectedbylaw.Localgovernments,governmentdepartmentsatvariouslevels,

10、publicorganizationsandindividualsshallnotinterfere.Article 6 ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallestablishamechanismwiththePeoplesBankofChinaandotherfinancialregulatoryauthoritiesundertheStateCouncilforsharingsupervisoryinformation.Article 7 ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheSta

11、teCouncilmayestablishacooperativemechanismofsupervisionwiththebankingregulatoryauthoritiesinothercountriesorregionsforcross-bordersupervision.Chapter IITheRegulatoryAuthorityArticle8Inlightoftheneedtoperformitsduties,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilmaysetuplocaloffices.Itshallexerci

12、seunifiedleadershipandadministrationofsuchoffices.ThelocalofficesofthebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallperformtheirsupervisorydutieswithinthescopeauthorizedbythesaidauthority.Article9Thestaffmembersofthebankingregulatoryauthoritywhoareengagedinsupervisionshallhavetheprofessionalkno

13、wledgeandworkexperiencecommensuratewiththepositionstheyareholding.Article10Staffmembersofthebankingregulatoryauthorityshallbedevotedtotheirduties,actinaccordancewithlawandbeimpartialandhonest;theyshallnottakeadvantageoftheirpositionstoseekillegitimatebenefits,orconcurrentlyholdpositionsinenterprises

14、suchasfinancialinstitutions.Article11Staffmembersofthebankingregulatoryauthorityshall,inaccordancewithlaw,guardStatesecrets,anditisincumbentuponthemtoguardthesecretsofthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryandofthepartiessubjecttotheirsupervision.Forexchangingsupervisoryinformationwiththebankin

15、gregulatoryauthoritiesofothercountriesandregions,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallmakearrangementsforpreservingtheconfidentialityofinformation.Article12ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallmakepublicitssupervisoryprocedures,andestablishasupervisoryresponsibility

16、systemandaninternalsupervisorysystem.Article13Localgovernmentsandtherelevantgovernmentdepartmentsatvariouslevelsshallcooperatewithandprovideassistancetothebankingregulatoryauthoritywhenthelatterdealswithrisksconfrontedbyfinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustry,investigatesandhandlesviolationsoflawi

17、nfinance,andexercisessupervisioninothermanners.Article14Theauditing,supervisoryandotherdepartmentsundertheStateCouncilshall,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofrelevantlaws,overseetheactivitiesofthebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncil.Chapter IIIRegulatoryandSupervisoryResponsibilitiesArticle15

18、ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshall,inaccordancewithlawsandadministrativeregulations,formulateandpromulgatesupervisoryrulesandregulationsgoverningthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryandtheirbusinessactivities.Article16ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshall,

19、inaccordancewiththerequirementsandproceduresprovidedforinlawsandadministrativeregulations,examine,beforegivingapproval,theestablishment,change,terminationandbusinessscopeoffinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustry.Article17Whereanapplicationissubmittedfortheestablishmentofafinancialinstitutionoftheb

20、ankingindustryandwheresuchaninstitutionintendstoreplaceashareholderthatholdsmorethanthespecifiedpercentageofthetotalamountofcapitalorshares,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallexaminethesourceofcapital,financialstrength,abilitytoreplenishcapitalandintegrityoftheshareholders.Article

21、18Thetypesofservicesofferedbyafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustrywithinitsbusinessscopeshall,inaccordancewithrelevantregulations,besubjecttoexaminationandapprovalbythebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilorbesubmittedtotheauthorityfortherecord.Withregardtothetypesofservicesthataresubje

22、cttoexaminationandapprovalortobeingputonrecord,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshall,inaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations,formulateregulationsandmakethemknowntothepublic.Article19WithoutapprovalbythebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncil,noinstitutionorin

23、dividualmayestablishafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustryorengageinbusinessactivitiesofsuchaninstitution.Article20ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallexercisecontrolofthequalificationsforthepositionsofthedirectorsandseniormanagersofthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustry.S

24、pecificmeasuresinthisregardshallbeformulatedbythebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncil.Article21Therulesofprudentoperationofthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryshallbestipulatedinlawsoradministrativeregulations,andtheymayalsobeformulatedbythebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCo

25、uncilinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.Therulesofprudentoperationmentionedintheprecedingparagraphshallcover,amongotherthings,riskmanagement,internalcontrol,capitaladequacy,assetquality,loanlossprovisioning,riskconcentration,connectedtransactions,andliquiditymanagementofassets.

26、Thefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryshallstrictlyobservetherulesofprudentoperation.Article22ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshall,withinaprescribedperiodoftime,makeadecisionofapprovalordisapprovalinwritinginresponsetothefollowingapplications;ifitmakesadecisionofdisapproval,i

27、tshallexplainthereasonswhy:(1) fortheestablishmentofafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustry,itissixmonthsfromthedateitreceivestheapplicationdocuments;(2) forthechangeorterminationofafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustry,forthebusinessscopeorforofferingmoretypesofserviceswithinthebusinessscope,i

28、tisthreemonthsfromthedateitreceivestheapplicationdocuments;and(3) forexaminationofthequalificationsofadirectororseniormanager,itis30daysfromthedateitreceivestheapplicationdocuments.Article 23 Thebankingregulatoryauthorityshallconductoff-sitesupervisionofthebusinessoperationsandriskprofileofthefinanc

29、ialinstitutionsofthebankingindustry,forwhichitshallestablishaninformationsystemtoanalyseandassesstheriskprofileofsuchinstitutions.Article 24 Thebankingregulatoryauthorityshallconducton-siteinspectionofthebusinessoperationsandriskprofileofthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustry.Thebankingregulat

30、oryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallformulateproceduresforon-siteinspectiontostandardizesuchinspection.Article 25 ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallsupervisethefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryonaconsolidatedbasis.Article 26 WithrespecttotheproposalmadebythePeoplesBankof

31、Chinaforinspectionofafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustry,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallrespondwithin30daysfromthedateitreceivestheproposal.Article27ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallestablisharatingsystemandanearly-warningmechanismforsupervisionoverth

32、efinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustry,inordertodetermine,onthebasisoftheratingandriskprofileofsuchinstitutions,thefrequencyandscopeofon-siteinspectionoftheinstitutions,aswellasothersupervisorymeasuresthatneedtobetaken.Article28ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallestablishasyst

33、emofpostresponsibilityforidentifyingandreportingemergenciesinthebankingindustry.Whenitidentifiesanyemergencythatmayleadtosystemicrisksinthebankingindustryandthusseriouslyjeopardizesocialstability,thebankingregulatoryauthorityshallimmediatelyreportthemattertotheleadingmemberofthebankingregulatoryauth

34、orityundertheStateCouncil;theleadingmembershall,whendeemingitnecessary,immediatelyreporttotheStateCouncilwhileinformingthePeoplesBankofChina,thefinancedepartmentandotherrelevantdepartmentsundertheStateCouncilofthematter.Article29ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshall,inconjunctionwit

35、hthePeoplesBankofChina,thefinancedepartmentandotherrelevantdepartmentsundertheStateCouncil,establishasystemforcopingwithemergenciesinthebankingindustry,includingformulatingcontingencyplans,designatinginstitutionsandstaffmembers,specifyingtheirresponsibilitiesandthemeasuresandprocedures,inordertoensu

36、rethatemergenciesinthebankingindustryarehandledinatimelyandeffectivemanner.Article30ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallberesponsibleforcompiling,inaunifiedmanner,statisticsandreportsofthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustrythroughoutthecountryand,inaccordancewiththerelevantre

37、gulationsoftheState,publishthestatisticsandreports.Article 31 ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallguideandoverseetheactivitiesoftheself-regulatedorganizationsofthebankingindustry.Theself-regulatedorganizationsofthebankingindustryshallsubmittheirarticlesofassociationtothebankingregu

38、latoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilfortherecord.Article 32 ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilmayengageininternationalexchangeandcooperationrelatedtoregulationofandsupervisionoverthebankingindustry.ChapterIVSupervisoryMeasuresArticle33Thebankingregulatoryauthorityshall,inlightoftheneed

39、forperformingitsduties,havethepowertorequirethefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustrytosubmit,inaccordancewithrelevantregulations,theirbalancesheets,profitstatements,otherfinancialaccountingstatements,statisticalreportsandinformationconcerningbusinessoperationsandmanagement,aswellastheauditreport

40、spreparedbycertifiedpublicaccountants.Article34Thebankingregulatoryauthoritymaytakethefollowingmeasurestoconducton-siteinspection,asrequiredbyprudentsupervision:(1)toenterafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustryforon-siteinspection;(2) tointerviewstaffmembersofafinancialinstitutionandrequirethemtop

41、rovideexplanationsonthemattersunderinspection;(3) tocheckandmakecopiesofthefinancialinstitutionsdocumentsandmaterialsrelatedtothemattersunderinspection,andtosealupthedocumentsandmaterialsthatarelikelytoberemoved,concealedordestroyed;and(4) toexaminethecomputersystemwithwhichthefinancialinstitutionco

42、ntrolsitsbusinessdata.On-siteinspectionshallbesubjecttoapprovalbytheleadingmemberofthebankingregulatoryauthority.Foron-siteinspection,thereshallbenolessthantwoinspectors,whoshallproducetheirlegalcertificatesandthewrittennotificationofinspection.Wheretherearelessthantwoinspectors,ornolegalcertificate

43、sandwrittennotificationofinspectionareproduced,thefinancialinstitutionshallhavetherighttorefusetoacceptinspection.Article35Thebankingregulatoryauthoritymay,inlightoftheneedforperformingitsduties,holdsupervisoryconsultationswiththedirectorsandseniormanagersofafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustry,

44、askingthemtoexplaintheimportantmattersconcerningbusinessoperationsandriskmanagement.Article36Thebankingregulatoryauthorityshallinstructfinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustrytodisclose,truthfullyandinaccordancewithrelevantregulations,tothepublicinformation,including,amongotherthings,theirfinancial

45、andaccountingreports,statementsofriskmanagement,changesinthedirectorsandseniormanagersandotherimportantmatters.Article37Whereafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustryviolatestherulesofprudentoperation,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCounciloritsofficeattheprovinciallevelshallinstructittore

46、ctifywithinatimelimit;ifitfailstocomplyattheexpirationofthetimelimit,ortheviolationseriouslythreatensthesoundandsteadyoperationoftheinstitution,jeopardizesthelawfulrightsandinterestsofthedepositorsandothercustomers,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCounciloritsofficeattheprovinciallevelmay,w

47、iththeapprovaloftheleadingmember,takethefollowingmeasures,dependingontheseriousnessofthecircumstances:(1) instructingittosuspendpartofitsbusinessorceasingtogiveapprovaltoitsstartingofnewbusinesses;(2) restrictingthedistributionofdividendsandotherreturns;(3) restrictingassettransfers;(4) instructingt

48、heholdingshareholderstotransfertheirrightsorrestrictingtherightsoftheshareholdersconcerned;(5) instructingtheinstitutiontoreplacethedirectorsorseniormanagersorrestrictingtheirrights;and(6) ceasingtogiveapprovaltoitsestablishmentofnewbranches.Afterrectification,thefinancialinstitutionshallsubmitarepo

49、rttothebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCounciloritsofficeattheprovinciallevel.Afterthesaidauthorityorofficeinspectstheinstitutionandacceptsitasconformingtotherulesofprudentoperation,itshall,withinthreedaysafterthedateofacceptance,discontinuethemeasuresprescribedintheprecedingparagraph.Article

50、38Whereafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustryisexperiencingorislikelytoexperienceacreditcrisis,therebyseriouslyjeopardizingthelawfulrightsandinterestsofdepositorsandothercustomers,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilmay,inaccordancewithlaw,takeovertheinstitutionorfacilitateitsrestruc

51、turing.Thetake-overandrestructuringshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandtheregulationsoftheStateCouncil.Article39Whereafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustryoperatesinviolationoflawsorisnotoperatedormanagedproperly,therebyseriouslythreateningfinancialorderandunderminingpublicinterestsun

52、lessitisclosed,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallhavethepowertocloseit.Article40Whereafinancialinstitutionofbankingindustryistakenover,restructured,orclosed,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallhavethepowertorequirethedirectors,seniormanagersandotherstaffmemberso

53、ftheinstitutiontoperformtheirdutiesaccordingtotherequirementsoftheauthority.Inthecourseofthetake-over,restructuringorliquidationaftertheclosureoftheinstitution,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilmay,withtheapprovaloftheleadingmemberoftheauthority,takethefollowingmeasuresagainstthedirec

54、torsandseniormanagerswhoaredirectlyinchargeandtheotherstaffmemberswhoaredirectlyresponsible:(1) wheretheirdeparturefromthePeoplesRepublicofChinawillcauseheavylossestotheinterestsoftheState,notifyingtheexitcontrolauthorityoftheneedtopreventthem,inaccordancewithlaw,fromleavingthecountry;and(2) submitt

55、inganapplicationtothejudicialauthorityforprohibitingtheirmovingtootherplacesortheirtransferringoftheirproperty,orforestablishingotherrightsontheirproperty.Article41Abankingregulatoryauthorityshall,withtheapprovaloftheleadingmemberofthebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilorofitsofficeatthep

56、rovinciallevel,havethepowertoinquireaboutthebankaccountsofthefinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustrysuspectedofviolatinglawsinfinancialaffairs,andthebankaccountsofitsstaffmembersandconnectedparties;andmay,withtheapprovalofthesaidleadingmember,submitanapplicationtothejudicialauthorityforfreezingthei

57、llegallyobtainedfundsthataresuspectedofbeingabouttobemovedtootherplacesor7concealed.ChapterVLegalResponsibilityArticle42Anystaffmemberofthebankingregulatoryauthorityengagedinsupervisioncommitsanyofthefollowingactsshallbegivenadministrativesanctionsaccordingtolaw;andifacrimeisconstituted,heshallbeinv

58、estigatedforcriminalresponsibilityinaccordancewithlaw:(1) inviolationofrelevantregulations,examiningandgivingapprovaltotheestablishment,changeorterminationofafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustry,oritsbusinessscopeortheservicesitofferswithinitsbusinessscope;(2) inviolationofrelevantregulations,co

59、nductingon-siteinspectionofafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustry;(3) failingtoreportanemergencyinaccordancewiththeprovisionsinArticle28ofthisLaw;(4) inviolationofrelevantregulations,inquiringaboutbankaccountsorsubmittinganapplicationforfreezingfunds;(5) inviolationofrelevantregulations,takingmeasuresagainstorpenalizingafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustry;and(6) otheractssuchasabuseof