动词不定式用法

1、动词不定式用法1. 巩固练习一、单项选择Wouldyoupleasetellmenext?2. A.howtodoB.whattodoC.whatdoIdoD.howIshoulddoI'mjustgettingoutofthecityforafewdayssomespaceandclearmyhead.3. A.gottenB.gettingC.togetD.havinggottenTheyregarditastheirdutythebestservicetothecustomers.4. A.providedB.providingC.provideD.toprovideTheroa

2、dnextweekleadstoHighway62.A.buildingB.tobuildC.tobebuiltD.builtThemodelforLeonardodaVinci'sMonaLisaisbelievedintheconvent（修道院）attheageof63in1542.A.todieB.tohavediedC.dyingD.havingdiedEarthisbelievedbyanobjectthesizeofMarsatsomepointinthedistantpastbeforeitssurfacecooled.5. A.tobehitB.tohavehitC.

3、tohavebeenhitD.tohitNearlyfourhundredsupermarketsinBeijingarepreparingtodimtheirlightsthe"EarthHour"onSaturdaynight.6. A.honorB.honoringC.tohonorD.havinghonoredWeneedtotakeactioninsteadofwaitinghereforproblems.7. A.tosolveB.tobesolvedC.solvedD.beingsolvedYoushouldn'thavetreatedmethatwa

4、y.Myheartisbroken.I'msorry,Paul,Ididn'tmeanyou.A.hurtingB.tohurtC.hurtD.havinghurtHaveyoueverpickedsomebeautifulvegetablesforyourdinnersaladonlythattheyareextremelybitter?8. A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.findHarrisonFordisthoughttobeoneofthefewmoviestarsasacarpenterbefore.9. A.toworkB.tobeworkin

5、gC.tohaveworkedD.tohavebeenworkingNearlyhalfamillionpeoplearebelievedtheirhomesasaresultofthedisaster.10. A.toleaveB.tobeleftC.tobeleavingD.tohaveleftGotobedrightaway.Forgetyouneedtogetupfitsearlyasyoucantheearlytrain?11. A.catchB.catchingC.caughtD.tocatchTimeshouldbemadegooduseofourlessonswell.12.

6、A.tolearnB.1earningC.1earnD.1earntCaoCaostombisreportedinChina,whichattractsnationwideattention.A.beingfoundB.tobefoundC.havingbeenfoundD.tohavebeenfound二、完形填空阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、c和D）中，选出最佳选项。Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyouranger.Butforgivenessispossibleanditcanbe

7、surprisingly_1_toyourphysicaland_2health."Peoplewhoforgive_3lessdepression,angerandstressandmorehopefulness,saysFredericLuskin,Ph.D.,4ofForgiveforGood."Soitcanhelp_5onthewearandtearonourorgans,reducethewearingoutoftheimmunesystemand_6peopletofeelmorevital.”Sohowdoyoustarttheforgiveness?Try

8、_7thesestepsCalmyourself.Todefuse（缓和）your_8andtryasimplestress-managementtechnique.Takeacoupleofbreathsandthinkof_9thatgivesyoupleasure:a10sceneinnature,someoneyoulove,”Luskinsays.Don't_11anapology.Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyouhasno_12ofapologizing,"Luskinsays.Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouorthe

9、yjustdon'tseethingsthesame_13.Soifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,youcouldbewaitinga（n）14longtime:'Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymean_15tothepersonwhoupsetsyou.Takethecontrolawayfromyouroffender.Mentallyreplayingyour_16givespowertothepersonwhocausedyoupain.1T_offocusingonyourhurtfee

10、lings,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindness_18you,"Luskinsays.Trytoseethingsfromtheotherperson'perspective（视角）.Ifyouempathic（有同感）withthatperson,youmayRecognizethe19thatheorshewasactingoutignorance,fearevenlove.benefitsofforgiveness.Researchhasshownthatpeoplewhoforgivearereportedmoreenergy

11、,better_20andbettersleeppatterns.Don'tforgettyoofuorsgeivlfe."Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge,"Luskinsays"Butitcanrobyouofyourselfconfidenceifyoudon，tdoit.”1.A.beneficialB.harmfulC.helplessD.suitable2.A.chemicalB.wealthyC.technicalD.mental3.A.ownB.showC.dire

12、ctD.prove4.A.authorB.ownerC.professorD.publisher5.A.insistB.saveC.waitD.depend6.A.requireB.wishC.inviteD.allow7.A.forgivingB.turningC.followingD.counting8.A.sadnessB.angerC.hungerD.energy9.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything10.A.thoughtfulB.dullC.beautifulD.still11.A.callforB.huntforC.bidforD

13、.waitfor12.A.inventionB.invitationC.intentionD.attention13.A.wayB.meansC.methodD.approach14.A.helpfullyB.carefullyC.patientlyD.awfully15.A.givinginB.givingawayC.givingupD.givingout16.A.woundB.hurtC.cutD.damage17.A。BecauseB.InhonourC.InsteadD.Insearch18.A.aroundB.aboveC.beneathD.below19.A.forgetB.rea

14、lizeC.announceD.doubt20.A.housing三、阅读理解B.salaryC.safetyD.appetiteGraphcanbeaveryusefultoolforconveyinginformationespeciallynumbers,percentages,andotherdata.Agraphgivesthereaderapicturetointerpret.Thatcanbealotmoreefficientthanpagesandpagesexplainingthedata.Graphscanseemfrightening,butreadingagraphis

15、alotlikereadingastory.Thegraphhasatitle,amainidea,andsupportingdetails.Youcanuseyouractivereadingskillstoanalyzeandunderstandgraphsjustlikeanyothertext.Mostgraphshaveafewbasicparts:acaptionorintroductionparagraph,atitle,alegendorkey,andlabeledaxes.Anactivereaderlooksateachpartofthegraphbeforetryingt

16、ointerpretthedata.Captionswillusuallytellyouwherethedatacamefrom(forexample,ascientificstudyof400Africanelephantsfrom1980to2019).Captionsusuallysummarizetheauthor'smainpointaswell.Thetitleisveryimportant.Ittellsyouthemainideaofthegraphbystatingwhatkindofinformationisbeingshown.Alegend,alsocalled

17、akey,isaguidetothesymbolsandcolorsusedinthegraph.Manygraphs,includingbargraphsandlinegraphs,havetwoaxesthatformacorner.Usuallytheseaxesaretheleftsideandthebottomofthegraph.Eachaxiswillalwayshavealabel.Thelabeltellsyouwhateachaxismeasures.BarGraphsAbargraphhastwoaxesandusesbarstoshowamounts.InGraph1,

18、weseethatthex-axisshowsgradesthatstudentsearned,andthey-axisshowshowmanystudentsearnedeachgrade.Youcanseethat6studentsearnedanAbecausethebarforAstretchesupto6ontheverticalmeasurement.Thereisalotofinformationwecangetfromasimplegraphlikethis(SeeGraph1).LineGraphsAlinegraphlookssimilartoabargraph,butin

19、steadofBars,itplotspointsandconnectsthemwithaline.Ithasthesamepartsasabargraph-twolabeledaxes-andcanbereadthesameway.Toreadalinegraph,it'simportanttofocusonthepointsofintersectionratherthanthelinesegmentsbetweenthepoints.Thistypeofgraphismostcommonlyusedtoshowhowsomethingchangesovertime.Hereisag

20、raphthatchartshowfarabirdfliesduringthefirstfivedaysofitsspringmigration(SeeGraph2).Theunitofmeasurementforthex-axisisdays.Theunitofmeasurementforthey-axisiskilometers.Thuswecanseethat,onthefirstday,thepipitflew20kilometers.ThelinesegmentgoesupbetweenDay1andDay2,whichmeansthatthebirdflewfartheronDay

21、2.Ifthelinesegmentangleddawn,asbetweenDay4andDay5,itwouldmeanthatthebirdflewfewerkilometersthanthedaybefore.Thislinegraphisaquick,visualwaytotellthereaderaboutthebird'smigration.PieGraphsAtypicalpiegraphlookslikeacircularpie.Thecircleisdividedintosections,andeachsectionrepresentsafractionoftheda

22、ta.Thegraphiscommonlyusedtoshowpercentages;thewholepierepresentsl00percent,soeachpieceisafractionofthewhole.Apiegraphmightincludealegend,oritmightuseiconsorlabelswithineachslice.Thispiegraphshowsonmonth'sexpense,(SeeGraph3).Food$25Movies$12Clothing$36Savings$201. Books$7Whenusedinagraph,alegendi

23、s.2. A.aguidetothesymbolsandcolorsB.anintroductionparagraphC.themainideaD.thedataWhatisthetotalnumberofstudentswhoearnedaCorbetter?A.4.B.6.C.10.D.20.3.ThebirdcoveredthelongestdistanceonA.Day1B.Day2C.Day3D.Day44.WhichofthefollowingcostAmymost?A.Food.B.BooksC.MoviesD.Clothing四、短文改错下面短文中共有10处错误，每句最多有两处

24、。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。AsamiddleschoolstudentofSeniorThree,Idosportsoneandtwohoursaday,suchasdoingmorningexercises,playingbasketball,long-distancerunningandsoon.Ithinkitisveryhelpfullytome.TakeexercisemakesmeevenmorehealthiersothatIwon'tbeillveryoften.What'smore,Ialsogetmyselfrelaxingindifferent

25、kindsofsports.OnlyinthiswayIdoabetterjobinmystudyinhighspirits.Fordoingphysicalexercise,I'mbecomingstrongerandmoreconfidentthanago.Ididthinkitisnecessaryforeveryonetospendsometimeonsportseverydaysopeopleshealthisimportantinmodernlife.五、书面表达加拿大籍教师史密斯(Smith)教授于一年前到你校任教英语。他带来了先进的教学方法和教学理念。因为他的努力，同学

26、们的交际能力和口语水平都有了很大提高。现在他工作结束，即将离任回国。假如你是你校学生会主席，你代表全体同学致欢送词，对史密斯教授的工作表示感谢，并预祝他旅途愉快。注意：1.不要逐句翻译上述内容，可根据提示重新组织。1. 词数：120左右。答案与解析一、单项选择B。空白处为tell的直接宾语，因为do为及物动词，需要接宾语what。C项应为"whatshouldIdo"。C。分析句意，空格处应该是不定式短语作目的状语。句意：我打算出城几天，获取空间，清醒头脑。2. Co句意为：他们把向顾客提供最好的服务看作他们的责任。不定式作形式宾语。B。句意为：下周要修的路通向62号公路。

27、时间状语为下周，用不定式作定语，又因为路“被修”，用不定式的被动形式。B。首先sth.bebelieved后面应该用不定式结构，排除C和D两项；同时根据语义可知，die的动作发生在believed动作之前，故应该用todie的完成式tohavedied。3. Co句意：在遥远的过去，地球在表面冷却之前在某个地方被一个与火星大小相当的物体撞击过。Earth与hit之间是动宾关系，而且此动作已经发生，所以选C项。4. C。句意：北京的近400家超市准备在周六晚上把灯光调暗以纪念"地球一小时"。句中tohonor=inordertohonor,作目的状语，意为"为了纪念

28、"。B。句意：我们需要采取行动而不是在这儿等待问题被解决。从句意可知问题现在还没有被解决。tobesolved作后置定语，表示将要被解决，故选B项。注意区分过去分词作后置定语表示的动作发生的时间。done表示动作已完成；beingdone：表示动作正在进行；tobedone表示动作将要发生。B。句意：一你本不应该那样对待我。我的心都碎了。一对不起，Paul。我不是有意要伤害你的。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。meantodosth.打算做某事。A。句意：你曾经挑选了一些好看的蔬菜做沙拉，结果发现这些蔬菜特别苦吗？本题考查非谓语动词作状语。不定式作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果，故答案为A项

29、。C。此处是不定式作后置定语，从语义和before提示可知，HarrisonFord曾经是一个木匠，故用不定式的完成式，排除A和B两项；D项强调“到现在还一直是木匠”，与语义不符，故排除，据此答案选C项。D。句意：人们认为有近50万人由于灾害而离开了他们的家园。leave这个动作发生在arebelieved之前，因此非谓语动词应该用完成式，据此这里选D项。D。句意：马上去睡觉。难道你忘了你得尽早起床以便赶上早班火车吗？不定式tocatch作目的状语，意为“为了/以便能赶上(早班车)”。5. A。句意：我们应该好好利用时间把功课学好。此处用tolearnourlessonswell作目的状语。D

30、。句意：据报道在中国发现了曹操墓，这件事引起全国的注意。tohavebeendone为动词不定式完成式的被动形式，表示“已经被”。report后要用不定式，又因“发现”发生在“报道”之前，且“墓”和“发现”是被动关系，所以选D项。1. 二、完形填空A。宽容对人的身心健康有好处。beneficial对有益处的。2. D。physical和mental相对应。3. B。show在此是“表现”的意思。宽容的人较少表现出抑郁、生气A。ForgiveforGood是书名，只有用author才符合语境。4. B。save在此是“节省”的意思。因此它能帮助减少我们器官的损耗。5. D。可以让人更加充满活力。

31、allow使可能。6. C。fo1low在此是“遵循”的意思。试着按照这些步骤(做)。7. B。缓和你的愤怒(anger)情绪。8. Ao想一些让你感到愉悦的事。9. C。自然界的美景(abeautifulscene)会使人愉悦。10. D。不要等待别人的道歉。根据下文“youwaitforpeopletoapologize"可知答案。11. C。has/havenointentionofapologizing意为"无意道歉"。12. Ao或者他们只是看问题的“方式”和你不一样。13. D。awfully,非常，极其。你可能会等非常长的时间。14. A。givei

32、ntosb.意为"向某人屈服"。记住宽容不一定意味着你向让你难过的人屈服了。15. B。hurt在此强调精神上、心灵上的创伤。16. Coinsteadof而不是，代替。不要把注意力放在你受伤害的感情上。17. A。学会发现你周围的爱、美和善。around是介词，表示“在周围”。B。站在别人的立场上，你能充分了解到别人表现出的无知、恐惧甚至是爱。realize在句中表示“充分了解”。D。宽容的人总是拥有更充沛的精力，更好的胃口，以及更好的睡眠方式。appetite食欲，胃口，符合语境。三、阅读理解A。根据第三段可以得出答案，第三段出现了两次legend，第一次是在第一行al

33、egendorkey,第二次是在第六行Alegend,alsocalledakey,isaguidetothesymbolsandcolorsusedinthegraph.答案直接可以在第六行找到，与答案选项表述一样aguidetothesymbolsandcolors.D。根据表述"Ingraph1,weseethatthex-axisshowsgradesthatstudentsearnedandthey-axisshowshowmanystudentsearnedeachgrade.Youcanseethat6studentsearnedanAbecausethebarforA

34、stretchesupto6ontheverticalmeasurement."可以看至U,6个学生获得了A,可以得到答案。另外其实不需要看文字说明，直接看图读图就可以得出答案。C以上就是包含A,B,C,其中A为6,B为10,C为4,所以答案为20.1. C。不需要看文字说明，直接看图读图就可以得出答案。从曲线图可以得出答案是Day3。2. D。不需要看文字说明，直接看图读图就可以得出答案。从扇形图可以得出Clothing占比例最多。四、短文改错AsamiddleschoolstudentofSeniorThree,Idosportsoneandtwohoursaday,suchasordoingmorningexercises,playingbasketball,long-distancerunningandsoon.Ithinkitisveryhelpfullytome.Takeexercisemakesmeevenmohealthiersothat