宾语从句讲解及练习张梦杰

1、初中英语语法宾语从句讲解专项练习及答案宾语从句三注意时态语序引导词主句一般现在时从句不需受限制主句一般过去时从句须用相应时陈述句转化that弓I一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词引导词后陈述式。一、基本讲解1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.（动词宾语）HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.（动词宾语）了解MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.（介词宾语）（1）.陈述句转化成宾语从句时引导词用that,口语中常常省略。e.g,S

2、hetoldme（that）shewouldliketogowithus.以whether或if引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg,Iwonderif/whetheryouhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.注意一般情况下whether和if可以互用但有些情况例外。当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用ifeg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.a. 引导词与动词不定式或not连用时只用whether.eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.Co

3、uldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?b. if当如果讲时引导的是条件状语从句这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时引导词用特殊疑问词引导词后要用陈述句语序。E.g.Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematterwrongwithyou?特殊情况=当doyouthink后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时句式结构应为引导词doyouthink,用陈述句语序。a.当主句是一般现在时一般将来时或祈使句时从句不受主句的限制根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如Doyouknowif/whetherhehasseenthefilm?2b.当主句是一般过

4、去时从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如Ididn'tknowif/whetherhehadseenthefilm.注意当主句是一般过去时而从句表示的是客观真理自然现象科学原理格言等从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如Hesaidthattheearthmovesroundthesun.Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.4.、人称的变化和标点的使用从句的主语如果是第一人称变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致如果是第二人称则与主句的宾语一致如果是第三人称不用变化。如"MayIuseyourknife"Heaskedme

5、.rHeaskedmeifhemightusemyknife."Doyouknowhertelephonenumber"Heaskedme.rHeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.a. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句用句号主句是疑问句用问号。如Whowillgiveusatalk?Idon?tknow.Idon?tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.DoyouknowWheredoeshelive?Doyouknowwherehelives?步骤：1、根据原句确定连接词that、if、whether特殊疑问词2、调整语序陈

6、述句3、根据主句确定时态4、人称变化和标点的使用二、宾语从句的转化了解简化宾语从句常用六法。1.2.当主句谓语动词是hopewishdecideforgetplanagree等且主句主语与从句主语相同时从句可简化为不定式结构。如Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.rSheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.当主句的谓语动词是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词不定式结构”。例如Idon'tknowwhichsweaterI

7、shouldbuy.Idon'tknowwhichsweatertobuy.当主句的谓语动词是asktell,show,teach等后面带双宾语时从句的主语和间接宾语一致且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时从句可以转化成“疑问词不定式结构”，或者在连代词/副词引导的宾语从句中当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时宾语从句可简化为"连接代词/副词不定式"结构。如Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?当主句谓语动词是findseewatchhear等感官动词时从句常简化为"宾语补”结构宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如Shefoundt

8、hatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.rShefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.初中英语宾语从句语法专项精选试题习题（一）时态1 Thegirlsaskediftheysomefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake2 CatherinesaidthatshetoGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen3 Thestudentswanttoknowwhethertheydic

9、tationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are4 SheaskedLindaifgoandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay5 Lindasaidthemoonroundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled习题（二）连接词1 Canyoutellmeyouwereborn,BettyA.whoB.whatC.whenD.that2 Idon'tknowtheyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whe

10、nD.where3 Ihardlyunderstand.hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who4 Shedidn'tknowbacksoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe2. Idon'tknowhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when3. DoyouknowtheylistenedtoyesterdayeveningA.whatBwhenCwhyDhow4. Heaskedmetoldmetheaccident

11、.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose习题（三）语序1. Theydon'tknowtheirparentsare.AthatBwhatCwhyDwhich2. Pleasetellmewhatlastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked3. SheaskedmeifIknew.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit4. Youmustremembe

12、r.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid5 DidyouknowA.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter6 CouldyoutellmeA.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijin

13、g习题（四）Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeperWhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.：（匕京市东城区）A.thatB.howC.WhatD.if1. Idon'tknowMr.Greenwillcometoseeus.HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.饨州市）A.whyB.whenC.howD.where2. Weneverknowtheoldmanis.Theysayheisateacher.鄂州市）A.whatB.whoC.whichD.whereIwastoldBillGatesw

14、asthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.（t庆市）A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen3. DoyouknowI'mgoingtoseehim.Sorry,Idon'tknow.§匕京市海淀区）A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived4. WheredoyouthinkhethecomputerSorry,Ihavenoidea.南京市）A./;boughtB.has;boughtC.did

15、;buyD.does;buy5. Idon'tfeelverywell.Mumaskedmethismorning.重庆市）A.whatthematterisB.whatiswrongC.whatthematterwasD.whatwrongwas6. WhereisJackHeisawaytospendhisholiday.He'sgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan,butI'mnotsure.仙昌市）A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there答案:1-5ADCBC答案:1-7CBBAAAC答案:1-6BDBAAC答案:14DAAD

16、O8CACCAnswers一、选择题2X15=30分B2.D3.A4.C5.6.C7.B8.B9.C10.B11.B12.D13.B14.B15.A二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。1X20=20分（请注意时态和语态两个方面噢）1.willbebuilt2.isbeingdiscussed3.isspoken4.hasHtbeenfound5.werecutaretold7.mustbesent8.aresold9.aremade,aremade10.betaken11.iscleaned12.beseen13.havebeenwatered14.sells15.hasbeen16.smel

17、ls17isdancing三、按要求改写以下句子，一空一词。1X30=30分1.Do,grow2.isgiventome3.soonis4.willbesung5.needntbedone6.isusedforwasmadetodo8.isbeingwatched9.wasbuilt10.havebeensold11.iscalled四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。（1X10=10分）wasboughtformeIsmadeinChinacoveredwith五、以下各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。10分bedone改为dolistened改为listenedtoremembered改

18、为wasrememberedissounded改为soundsBywho改为Bywhom被动语态专项练习一一、选择题()1.anewlibraryinourschoollastyear?A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build()2.Anaccidentonthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened棉花inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow()4.Sofar,themoonbyman

19、already.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited()5.AtalkonChinesehistoryintheschoolhallnextweek.A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives()6.Howmanytrees_thisyear?A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted()7.Alotofthings_bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdon

20、eC.hasbeendonejD.willbedone()8.-Whenthiskindofcomputers_2-Lastyear.A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used()9.TheGreatWall._allovertheworld.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown()10.Whothisbook?A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.did;writtenD.was;written()11.Astory_byGrannyyesterday.A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.is

21、toldusD.toldus()12.Themonkeywasseenoffthetree.A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump()13.Theschoolbagbehindthechair.A.putsB.canbeputC.canbeputtedD.canput()14.Olderpeople.well.A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter()15.Ourteacher_carefully.A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD

22、.islistened二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)1.It'ssaid(据说)thatthelongbridgebuildintwomonths.1. Wheretohavethemeetingdiscus蜀now.2. Whichlanguagethemostwidelyspeakintheworld?3. Thelostboynotfindsofar.4. LastyearalargenumberoftreesCcutdown.5. Thestudentsoften(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.6.

23、 Theoldmanisill.He(mustsend)tothehospital.7. Vegetables,eggsandfruits(sell)inthisshop.8. Whatknives(make)of?They(make)ofmeta帷届)andwood.9. Canthemagazine(take)outofthelibrary?10. Theroom(clean)bymeeveryday.11. Thestarscant(see)inthedaytime.12. Someflowers(water)byLiMingalready.13. Thiskindofshoes(sel

24、l)well.14. Howlongyouruncle(be)inthecity?15. Thefood(smell)delicious.16. Look!Someone(dance).三、按要求改写以下句子，一空一词。1.IsteagrowninSouthChina改为主动语态peopleteainSouthChina2.Iamgivenabirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear同义句转换3. AbirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyearTheworkisgoingtobefinishedintwodays.对戈。线提问)Howtheworkgoingtobefinished?4. T