地基与基础—水泥砂浆防水层

1、.地基与基础水泥砂浆防水层(1) preparation for construction1, materials(1) cement: use 325 ordinary portland cement, expansion cement or slag Portland cement. In case of corrosive media action should beSelection according to design requirements.(2) sand: the use of medium sand, shall not contain debris, including

2、 mud shall not exceed 3%, the particle size greater than 3mm of sand should be screened before use.(3) admixture: use water reducing agent, early strength agent and other admixture, add organosilicon waterproof agent and water glass gypsum waterproof accelerator.2, operating conditions(1) the baseme

3、nt reserved holes and drainage pipe installation, and for concealed acceptance procedures.(2) the surface of the base should be smooth, solid, rough and clean, rigid multilayer (five layer method), cement mortar waterproof layer requires full surfaceMoist without water. Concrete wall, ground, such a

4、s honeycomb and loose, to be removed, after pouring belt, construction joints should be cut hair, washed clean with water.First coated with cement paste (1:1 cement mortar 10%107 glue thin coating layer) is a layer of 2mm, and then use 1:3 cement mortar or 1:2 hardThe cement mortar is compacted and

5、the surface has oil. Clean with 10% concentration caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) solution.(3) with waterproof layer mixed mortar masonry brick, brick row must be in the seam depth of 8 10mm.(4) embedded parts, pre buried pipelines exposed at the grassroots level must be around the tick 20 30mm wide

6、 and 50 60mm deep trench, 1:2Dry hard cement mortar compaction.(5) concrete base treatment;1) the new concrete project, should be made of rough surface, immediately after stripping the wire brush, brush the surface of wool blended coagulation and smooth.Wipe before watering washed clean.2) the old c

7、oncrete fill do waterproof layer, a drill, chisel, wire brush surface roughening, dry cleaning and then rushed the wholeWater, scrub clean.3) the surface is uneven and the honeycomb holes shall be treated separately according to different conditions.4) the construction joints of the concrete structu

8、re shall be labeled as "V" shaped trough along the seam. After washing with water, the mortar shall be washed with limeThe bottom and cement mortar are compacted and dried. The groove depth is about 10mm, about 25mm wide.(6) brick masonry base treatment: for new masonry, should be the surf

9、ace of residual mortar and other dirt clean, and water irrigation. YesIn the old masonry, should be clean and crisp skin surface dirt mortar.(7) stone and stone processing base1) for lime mortar or mixed mortar masonry, the grey joint shall be 1cm deep and the fillet shall be rounded.2) for surface

10、stone masonry, after cleaning, should make leveling layer on the base surface. The method is: brush water ash than 0.5 of Cement NetA thick, about 1mm; and then wipe 1:2 cement mortar, thick 11.5cm, and the surface into the surface of the hair. One can not find the usual intervalsLayer and grade lev

11、eling.(8) mixture ratio and mixing system of mortar1) proportioning of mortarsPlaster: water cement ratio is 0.340.4, the standard cone sinking depth is 70mm. Cement paste: water cement ratio is 0.550.60. Cement mortar：Cement sand ratio 1:1.52.5, water cement ratio is about 0.400.50, the standard co

12、ne sinking depth is 7580mm.2) mixing of mortarThe mixing of mortar should be made by mechanical agitation or by artificial agitation. Mixing should be strictly in accordance with the ratio of feeding, mixing evenly,Cement mortar consistency should be controlled at 70 80mm, cement mortar should be mi

13、xed with the use.The mixing time of mortar is controlled by ordinary portland cement mortar. When the temperature is 520 degrees centigrade, it should not exceed 60minWhen the temperature is 2535 degrees centigrade, it should not exceed 45min. Slag Portland cement mortar and volcanic ash Portland ce

14、ment mortar, respectively, should not be appropriateMore than 90min and 50min.(two) operation process1, concrete roof and wall five layer waterproof operationFirst layer: cement paste layer, thick 2mm. First wipe again 1mm thick cement, iron trowel used in pressure from wiping the surface of the bas

15、e of pore filling,Then on its surface and then put on a 1mm thick cement mortar leveling layer, and wet brush on the surface of cement paste in the order of gently brushing again.Second layer: cement mortar layer, thick 45mm. In the cement paste layer, the initial setting is to smear the cement mort

16、ar layer and apply the pressure to make the mortar layer thin and press out the waterSuitable mud. When the mortar is finished, the transverse stripes are swept in a direction in a direction when the mortar is initially coagulated.Third layer: cement paste layer, thick 2mm. In the second layer of ce

17、ment mortar solidification, and has a certain intensity (usually 12 hours), proper watering wetRun time with trowel compaction, general wiping pressure 34 times is appropriate, the same way as the first layer.Fourth layer: cement mortar, thickness 4 5mm. In the third layer before coagulation, accord

18、ing to the construction method of second layers, after the pressure does not sweep stripes, andIn the mortar before the initial setting time, wiping pressure 3 4 times, the last light again.Fifth layer: cement paste layer, thick lmm. After fourth layers of cement mortar have been pressed two times,

19、the cement paste is evenly coated on the fourth layer with a brushFace, press fourth layers to press the light.Five layer plastering method is mainly used in waterproof engineering to meet the water, while the back with four layers of plaster can be.2., brick wall surface and vault waterproof layer

20、operation.The first layer is to brush cement paste again, the thickness of about LMM, brush and brush evenly. After brushing, and then wipe second, third, fourth layers, and so onThe operation method is the same as that of concrete base waterproof layer.3. stone wall and vault waterproof layer opera

21、tionTo be leveling layer (cement paste and mortar each layer), cement mortar hardening, and then in its surface proper watering wet, can carry on waterproof layer applicationThe operation method is the same as that of the coagulation base.4. operation of ground waterproof layerFloor waterproof opera

22、tion and metope, roof operation is different, the cement paste layer does not use scraping method, but the mixing of cementPulp poured on the ground, with the brush back and forth to play evenly, and the second, fourth layer is the cement paste layer, before and after the coagulation of cement morta

23、r layer thickDegree requirements are evenly paved, press the wall and roof operation requirements, and the thickness of each layer is the same as that of the wall and roof waterproof layer.5., waterproof layer construction joints need to stay slope, ladder shaped rubbing, and should be in accordance

24、 with the sequence of operation, continuous construction layer by layer, bonding closely. Remaining digitIt should be left on the ground or on the wall, but it should be left at the 200mm of the Yin and Yang jiao.6., the structure of yin and Yang corner, should be made into garden angle, Garden arc

25、radius of general, Yin Kok is 50mm, Yang Kok 10mm.7. conservation(1) a cool, damp basement, underground ditch, etc., without watering and maintenance.(2) in general, after the end of the waterproof layer, water every 4 hours, keep the waterproof layer surface often wet. Maintenance period of waterpr

26、oof layerFor 14 days. In good ventilation and sunlight, should be covered with wet straw, sack on the waterproof layer.8, finished product protection(1) the scaffold shall be removed from the wall 200mm, and the scaffold shall not be damaged when it is disassembled.(2) wipe off the waterproof mortar

27、 surface, within 24 hours is strictly prohibited on the stampede.(three) quality standard1. ensure the project(1) the mixing ratio of raw materials and additives and their layering methods must be in accordance with the design requirements and construction specifications.(2) cement mortar waterproof

28、 layer and the base must be combined with the firm, no hollowing.2. basic items(1) the appearance of dense, smooth surface, no crack, sand and void defects, yin and yang angle is in a circular arc shape or obtuse, size.(2) keep the correct position, according to the order of operation, layers of overlapping tight. Repair of hollowing and cracks, the waterproof layer into the hollowing outRamp. ,(four) avoid engineering quality defects(1): primary pollutants not handle the hollowing of cement slurry or brush before