九年级英语总复习(一)名词(DOC)

1、第二部分中考题型全接触基础题型篇基础题型一单项选择基础语法（一）名词MUG T1 QU屮考标导向化近几年全国各地中考对名词的考查主要是词义辨析及名词所有格，名词变复数的规则也是各地中考的考点之一。随着“淡化语法，注重语言运用和交际”这一理念被广泛认同，预计2016 年各地中考对名词辨析的考查将呈上升趋势。DING YI槪念若晰化名词是指人、地点、事物、行为、品质、抽象概念、感情等的名称的词。名词可分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。专有名词表示具体的人、事物、地点或机构的专有名称（如：Beijing，China，Jack）。普通名词表示某类人或某类事物的名称。普通名词又可分为个体名词（表示单个的人或

2、事物，如： astronaut, building 等）、集体名词（表示一群人或一些事物的总称，如：family，group 等）、物质名词（表示无法分为个体的物质，如：water，rice 等）和抽象名词（表示抽象概念的词，如： health，education 等）。一般地说，个体名词和集体名词是可数的，称为可数名词，有单、复数之分；物质名词和抽象名词是不可数的，称为不可数名词，通常只有单数，但在某些具体情况下也可以用复数。ZHI &HI GUI LEIHl 识归类知识网络化1. 可数名词和不可数名词可数名词不可数名词分单、复数两种形式deskfdesks busfbuses没有复

3、数形式tea meat不可以被基数词和不前面可用基数词、不three boys;定冠词直接修饰，若a piece of paper ； two定冠词修饰an orange表示数量可用“单位cups of tea词+不可数名词”可数名词的复数前可用 many, some, any修饰many teachers; somefrien ds可用 much, some, any修饰much bread;some milk有些名词既是可数名词，又是不可数名词，但意义有所不同。如:work（工作）一 a work（著作）glass（玻璃）一 a glass（玻璃杯）paper（纸）一 a pap er（报

4、纸；文件；试卷）tea（茶） a tea（一种茶）（表示种类）wood（木头）一 a wood（小树林）room（空间）一 a room（房间）chicken（鸡肉）一 a chicken（小鸡）light（光，光线）一 a light（电灯）fish（鱼肉） fishes （各种各样的鱼）exercise （锻炼，运动 ）exercises（习题） life（生活）一 lives（生命）orange（橘子汁）an orange（橘子）time（时间）一 times（倍，次数）hand（帮助）a hand（手）radio（无线电）一 a radio（收音机）l题组训练1()1.(2015成都)

5、ShesaysA . news B . ideas C. suggestion D. answer()3. (2015 泽)1 am new here. I often get lost and cant find my_A . ticketB . wayC. wallet()4. (2015 恩施)一 Why do you look so excited , Tim?rve just got a won derful_ .A . newsB. jobC . furniture()5. (2015 衡阳)Will you go to the_ this afternoon?Yes, I wan

6、t to go swimming.A . gymB . stationC . supermarket2.可数名词的复数形式L分类图解情况构成方法例词一般情况加-scapfcaps;dogfdogs;bikeTbikes;driverdrivers以字母 s, sh, ch, x 等结尾加-esbusfbuses;wishTwishes；watchTwatches；boxTboxes以辅音字母+ y ”结尾变 y 为 i，再加-esladyTladies;cen turyTcen turies;familyTfamilies;storyTstories以 f 或 fe 结尾一般变 f, fe 为

7、 v，再加-esleafTleaves;lifeTlives;halfThalves;knifeTknives以 0 结尾o 前为辅音音素时加 -es, o 前为元音音素时加-stomatoTtomatoes;heroTheroes;potatoTpotatoes;radioTradios;ZOOTzoos; 例夕卜：photorphotos;pia norpia nos复合名词将后一个词变为复数tooth-brush 宀 tooth-brushes; film-goer 宀 film-goers两部分都变复数man doctormen doctors; woman teacherwomen

8、teachers特殊名词改变内部元音字母footTfeet;toothteeth；manmen；mousesmicechildTchildrenChineserChinese;sheeprsheep;deerTdeer词尾加ren单复数同形特例清单1. “数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，中间的名词须用单数形式。如：five-year-old 5 岁大的a five-pound note 张 5 英镑的纸币a six-foot-deep hole 一个 6 英尺深的洞a ten-story-high building 幢 10 层高的楼房a two-inch-thick dictionar

9、y 本 2 英寸厚的字典a 100-meter race 一场百米赛跑2. 以-s 结尾的名词，有的作单数使用，有的作复数使用。(1) 以-s 结尾的学科类名词，一般是不可数名词。如：maths, physics, politics 等。(2) 表示由两部分构成的物体的名词，其形式上可数，若表达具体数目时，要借助数量词pair 来表示，其单复数形式取决于 pair 的单复数形式。如：a pair of trousers 一条裤子(3) 以复数形式出现的书名、剧名、报纸、杂志名词，看作单数名词。如：The New York Times(纽约时报);The Arabian Nights（一千零一夜

10、）以-s 结尾表示国家、组织或公司名称的专有名词，通常被看作单数。如:the United States（美利坚合众国）；the United Nations（联合国）（5）以-s 结尾表示群岛、山脉、瀑布等自然景观的专有名词，通常被看作复数。如：the Hua ngguoshu Falls（黄果树瀑布）；the Olympic Games（奥林匹克运动会）（6）复合名词的复数形式分为两种：一是只将主体名词变为复数形式；二是如果是 man, woman 与其他名词组成的复合名词，那么两个名词都要变为复数形式。如：an apple tfCC tWO apple trees ； a woman t

11、tddlCr SOFIK womenteachers()6. (2015 广安)一 How many_can you see in the picture?Two.A . dog B. child C. sheeps D. sheep()7. (2015 黄石)一 rm told your class has 3 new comers.Yes. One is a_, the other two are_.A . Japan; GermanyB. Japanese GermanC. Japa nese Germa ns D. Japa nese Germe n()8. (2015 永州)Do y

12、ou know how many_you have?A . tooths B . toothes C. teeth()9. (2015 安顺)Here are some_ . Do you like_ ?A . oranges; them B. orange; it C . oranges; they D . oranges; their()10. (2015 眉山)一 Are all the students from_in your class?No, there are only 3_in our class. The others are from other countries.A

13、. Germa ny; Germe nB . Germa ny; Germa nsC . Germa n; Germa nsD . Germa n; Germa ny3.不可数名词的计量L分类图解I类型英语汉译例子个数单piece张a piece of advice; two pieces of advice位词drop滴a drop of ink ； three drops of inkpile堆a pile of wood;four piles of woodcup杯a cup of coffee;seven cups of coffee容器单glass（玻璃）杯a glass of mi

14、lk；eight glasses of milkbottle瓶a bottle of juice;nine bottles of juice位词box盒、箱a box of chalk；ten boxes of chalkbag袋a bag of flour；eleven bags of flour度量衡pou nd磅a pound of meat;fourtee n pounds of meat单位词kilo公斤a kilo of oil；two kilos of oil特例清单1 不可数名词表示数量时，可用a lot of, much, little , a little, some, n

15、o 等修饰。如：I want some water.我想要一些水。2.不可数名词表示一定的数量时，可借助可数名词，用“a+可数名词+ of+不可数名词”结构。表示复数意义时，把可数名词变为复数形式。如：He n eeds two pieces of paper.他 需要两张纸。A 题组训练1()11. (2015 兰州)You paid 10 for_ this morning.A . 4 bottle milks B. 4 bottles of milk C. 4 bottles of milks D. 4 milk ()12. (2015 青海)1 had some,vegetables

16、and two eggs for dinner.A . rice B . noodleC. banana()13. (2015 遵义)一 Can I help you , Madam?I want_ .A . two boxes of apple B. two glass of water C. two bowls of porridge ()14. (2015 桂林)There is someinthe fridge. Its fresh.A.milkB. applesC. egg()15. (2014 达州)一 After P . E., I often feel very thirsty

17、.Why not buy some_ to drink?A . bread B. noodles C. apple juice D. teas4.名词所有格I类型构成方法例子有生命的名词(人或动物)在词尾加sToms book ； the girls ear ring ；the dogs ears; the heros n ame以 s, es 结尾的复数名词只加1the students desks; the workerstools ; the teachers office不以(e)s 结尾的复数名词加smens clothes; Childrens Day ;Womens Day; s

18、heeps wool无生命的名词时间、世界、国家、城市等一般在词尾加sChinas capital; Chengdusindustries ； the worldspopulation ； todays news其他一般用 of 结构the door of the room ； a map ofthe world ;the legs of the table;a way of life厂特例清单I1.用 and 连接两个并列名词的所有格:(1)当 and 连接的两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时，只在最后一个名词后加s。如:Mary and her sisters bedroom 玛丽和她姐姐共

19、有的卧室Lily and Lucys mother 莉莉和露西的妈妈当 and 连接的两个并列名词表示分别拥有各自的物品时，两个名词都在词尾加s 表示所有关系。如:)18. (2015 邵阳)This isroom. Its very bright.A . Toms and Tims B. Toms and Tim)19. (2014 贺州)一 Whos that girl over there?Julia, she is a student of_ .A . my fathers B. my father C. my fathers D . my fathers)20. (2014 长沙)I

20、s the school bag under the deskNo , its myA . brother .ZHENG HE JI KUN04-髦昌集训.He left it there just now.B.brothers)1. The two model pla nes on the table are_A . the twin s B . the twinsC. twins)2. I think drago ns are the_of China. Do you think so?I agree with you.A . symbol B . situation C . promis

21、e D . shape)3. Premier Li said we should speed up the Internet and lower the_A . money B . price C . value D . service)4. I want to write to my gran dmother. Please pass me_.A . two piece of paperB . two piece of papersC . two pieces of paperD . two pieces of papers)5. Can you tell me who the old wo

22、ma n over there un der the big tree is?Toms and Marys bags 汤姆和玛丽他们各自的包2表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，常在表示职业的名词或是姓氏后加上s 代表场所。如:a tailors 裁缝铺；a barbers 理发店；a doctors 诊所；my sisters 我姐姐的家;a stationers 文具店；Chaplins 卓别林的家3所有物+ of + s 结构或所有物+ of+名词性物主代词=双重所有格。如:a friend of my fathers 我父亲的一个朋友a pen of mine 我的一支钢笔A 题组训练

23、1)16. (2015 凉山)fathers did nt come to the meeti ng. Why?Because they have gone to Beiji ng.A . Jeffs and Amys B . Jeff and Amy C. Jeffs and Amy D .Jeff and Amys)17. (2015 临沂)1 live near the station. Its only about fivewalk.A . minutes B. minute C. minutesD. minutesC Tom and Timsyours?C brothersD. tw

24、insOh, shes_grandmother.A . Tom and MikesB . Toms and MikesC.Toms and MikeD . Tom and Mike()6. Excuse me, is the supermarket far from here?No , its about_ .A . 8 minutes walkB . 8 minute walkC. 8 minutes walkD. 8 minutes walk()7. Un cle Wang bought two_ for me yesterday.A . bread B . milkC . diction

25、aryD . watches()8. It is well-k nown that Mr. Smith is a good frie nd of_ .A . Toms unclesB . Toms uncleC . un cles of TomD . uncle of Toms()9. We have no_ in the fridge. Lets go and buy some cucumbers , carrots and cabbages.A . vegetables B . eggsC . meat D . fruit()10. The restaura nt is so popula

26、r here. Look , there are so many_ here.A . food B . dishC . people D . waiter()11. All the_ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th , because it was their own holiday.A . manB . menC . woman D . women()12. I want to buy the book The Tran spare nt Carrot by Mo Yan. Do you know its_ ?Not really. Mayb

27、e 25 yua n.A. coverB . sizeC . color D . price()13. Can you get a piano for me , dear?But there isnt eno ugh_ for it in our house.A . placeB . floorC . roomD . ground()14. Here are some_ .Do you like_ ?A . orange; it B . oranges; they C . orange; them D . oranges; them()15. A study shows that good h

28、abits play a very importa nt_ in childre ns educati on.I think so.A . sense B . part C . reason D . meaning()16. Where is David?Hes left a(n)_say ing that he has someth ing importa nt to do.A . advice B . news C . message D . sentence()17. Lily , lets make vegetable salad. How many_do we need?One is eno ugh.A . oranges B . potato C . tomatoes D . cheese()18. Bill is ill. Do you know whats wrong with him?Poor boy. His ill ness is the_ of eat ing bad food.A .