2019教育必修一第9讲：Unit5NelsonMandelaamodernhero语法篇.doc

1、第1页Unit5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero-词汇篇通过本节课的学习掌握本单元的词汇短语与句型。一. 词语辨析1. fight for/against/with 解释： fight for/against/withfight for 为.而斗争；努力争取fight against 与.作斗争fight with 和并肩作战，和 打仗/打架/斗争2. reward / award解释： award 用作名词时，意为 “奖品”、“奖金”、“奖”;reward 作名词时，作“报酬”、 “奖励”、 “报答”讲。3. accept / receive解释： accept （

2、接受 ）表示主观上乐意接受。还表示 “答应”、 “同意”、 “认同”receive （收到,得到）, 表示客观收到 , 还不能断定是否接受。还表示 “接待”、“接收”、“欢迎4. since / because / as / for解释：since =now that 意为“由于,既然”常,表示已知的或大家都清楚的原因。because 表语气最强，经常表听者不知的原因，它能回答 why 的提问。as 可和 because 互换，但语气不够它强，也不能回答 why 的提问。for 是并列连词，与后面的分句对前一句话起到补充说明的作用，其前常有逗号隔开。二重点词汇1. devote vt. 投入；

3、献身典例1）. He devoted himself entirely to music.他将一生奉献给了音乐。2）. Mary devoted her life to caring for the sick.玛丽献身于为病人服务。重点用法devoteto 献身于；专心于第2页在 devoteto 短语中，to 是介词，后面接名词或动词-ing。常见的类似短语还有：第3页pay attention to （注意.）;stick to （坚持.）;lead to（导致.）;prefer （相比look forward to （盼望.）;2. vote v. 投票（决定） ；选举 n. 投票 ,

4、选票 ,表决 , 得票数 典例1). We voted Democrat in the last election. 我们在上次的选举中投了民主党的票。2）. We ll listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it.我们会先听取双方的论证后再作表决。3). The votes are still being counted. 选票仍在统计中。重点用法vote down 投票否决；投票击败 vote through 表决通过 take/have a vote on 对 ( 进行表决3. reward n. 报酬，奖金 vt.

5、 酬谢，给以报答 典例1) . He worked hard but without much reward. 他工作很努力，但是报酬很少。2) . He rewarded me with a prize. 他用一个奖励来报答我。重点用法in reward (for(作)为(对 ( 的)报酬、报答give a reward to sb. for sth. 为 ( 给某人报酬、赏金 reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因 ( 报答、奖赏某人 reward sb. with sth.用 ( 报答、奖赏某人4. equal adj. 平等的；相等的 典例1). Women dem

6、and equal pay for equal work. 女性要求同等工作获同等报酬。2）. All people are born equal. 人人生来平等。重点用法be equal to 与 （ 相等 be equal with 与（ 平等5. advise v. 建议 典例更喜欢 ( );vote in 投票选出；选举put ( to the vote 将( 付诸表决vote for/against 投票赞成 /反对第4页1). I have advised you on that subject.在那个问题上，我给过你建议 2). Christie advises us to pr

7、actise oral English as often as possible. Christie 建议我们要尽可能多练口语.3). I advise that you (should) not eat fruit that isn我建议你不要吃那些没有熟的水果重点用法advise sb. on sth.就.给某人出主意advise (one s) doing 建议(某人)干advise + (that) sb. (should) doadvice n. 建议；意见a piece of advice 一条建议go to sb. for advice = ask sb. for adviceg

8、ive advice to sb. on sth. 就.对某人提供建议follow sb s advice = take sb接受某 vic 的建议 三.重点词组1. be in prison 在狱中，被监禁典例1) . He fought for the black people and was in pris on for thirty years. 他为黑人而战且坐过三十年牢。2) . He has been in prison for five years for stealing.因为偷东西，他曾在监狱呆过 5 年.短语归纳put -in prison = send to-priso

9、n = throwinto-prison 把.投入监狱The car thieves have bee n put in pris on.那些偷车贼都被关进监狱了。2. out of work 失业，出问题典例1). Jim has bee n out of work for several mon ths.吉姆已经失业几个月了。2). Mary s cell phone has been out of work for several days, which brought her a lot of inconvenience. 玛丽的手机坏了好几天了，这给她带来了很多不便。t ripe.a

10、dvise +n. /pron. 建议advise sb. to do sth.建议某人干向某人寻求建议；征询某人的意见短语归纳in work 有工作out of breath上气不接下气out of use没用了out of order次序颠倒；出故障out of dan ger 脱离危险out of patie nee 不耐烦out of date 过时out of con trol失控out of shape 变形第5页Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见,心不烦。3. lose heart 丧失勇气或信心典例1) . He failed many times, b

11、ut he didn t lose hearts 失败了许多次，但他并没有失去信心。2) . No matter what you do, never lose heart.不管你做什么，千万不要失去信心。短语归纳lose one s jo：业loseone sbalai 失去平衡lose one s bre 上气不接下气lose one sheart (to sb/s 爱上lose oneifes 丧生；遇害loseface 丢脸；受屈辱四重点句子1. We were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were les

12、s important, or fight the Government.我们被置于这样一种境地，或者是被迫承认我们低人一等，或者是与政府作斗争。这是一个主从复合句，in which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 position。类似的名词还有 situation, stage, case 等，作先行词时，可用where 引导定语从句Can you think of a situati on where you once felt embarrassed?拓展：介词+关系代词 which 在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语，相当于关系副词 when, where 和 why。He is the

13、 boss of the restaura nt where (= in which ) we ofte n have lun ch.Today when ( = on which ) the product will be put into use will come soon.The reason why ( = for which ) he was late for school was unbelievable.2. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只是在那时我们才决定以暴力对暴力。当 only 修饰状语

14、位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装的结构，将助动词或系动词提前，放在主语前。Only the n did we decide to an swer viole nee with viole nee.只是在那时我们才决定以暴力对暴力。Only yesterday did his father tell him the truth, which was a big surprise to him.昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他，这对他真是个令人吃惊的消息.Only by shouting was he able to make people on the other side of the river hea

15、r him.他只有靠大声喊才能使河对岸的人们听到他的声音。第6页3. I felt bad the first time I talked to the group.the first time 用法相当于连词用法，用来引导从句 链接：Its the first time that 现在完成 时 It was the first time that 过去完成时4. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.(should have done 本应做而未做)need

16、nthave done 本不应做而做了 can have done 过去不可能做过例 1.（2019 山东枣庄期中）Divide the cake into quarters and share it_.A. equallyB. usuallyC. directlyD. regularly解析：由语境可知本句所表达的句意为：把蛋糕分成四份，分配要公平。equally 意为平等地；usually通常；directly 直接地；regularly 有规律地。由句意可知本题答案。答案：A例 2.（2019 河北保定月考）They won allow us_ at this beach.A. swim

17、mi ngB. to swimC. swamD.swim解析：本句考查非谓语动词的用法。allow sb. to do sth.意为允许某人做某事。由此可知本题答案。答案为 B例 3._his scientific work, he has no time for his family affairs,_ ,of course, his wife alwayscompla ins about.A. Devote to; whichB. Devot ingto; whichC. Being devoted to; thatD. Devoti ng to; that解析：考查形容词以及定语从句。第

18、一空的形容词短语devoted to是对句子主语 he 的情况进行的解释说明，be devoted to致力于；第二空的which 指代前面一句话的内容在句中做为about 的宾语，句意：致力于科学研究工作，他没有时间来处理家庭事务，这当然让他的妻子经常要抱怨。故 可知本题答案。答案：A例 4. （2019 山东期中）He devoted all the money he had_ a house of his own.A. set upB. to set upC. to sett ing upD. sett ing up解析：本题考查 devoteto把.奉献给，在这里 to 为介词，所以其

19、后接动名词短语。由此可知 本题答案。答案：C例 5.（2019 吉林松原期中）You can become part of the school community that you can_ for helpwhe n in trouble.A. bel ong toB. come toC. stick toD. turn to解析：本句所表达的句意为： 你可以加入学校社团，遇到麻烦时可以向其求助。考查动词短语。belongto 属于；come to 共计，苏醒；stick to 坚持；turn to 求助于。由句意可知本题答案。答案：D第7页基础演练一单词拼写1. The young he

20、iress was so _ （大方的）that she gave all her money away in a couple of years.2. Everybody knows that our director is very _（忠诚的）to his wif e.3. To keep fit, he is a_ in all kinds of sports.4. As we all know, the People R s of Korea is our neighbor.5. It is said that he holds an important p_ in the gove

21、rnment office.6. The goods of this company are of good_ （质量）.It is no wonder they sell so well.7. All the_ （领导）of our city pay much atte nti on to educati on.8. As we all know, fighti ng is an act of _ （暴力）.9. The beautiful girl is very gentle, which shows she is an _（有教养的）girl.10. His efforts were_

22、 （奖赏）with success.Keys: 1. gen erous2. devoted3. active4. Republic5. positi on6. quality7. leaders8. viole nee9. educated10. rewarded二用方框内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空advise/c on ti nu e/educate/accept/lose heart/worry about1. An educator must first _ himself.2. I ve received a gift from him, but I m not gtoing to

23、3. Don _t_your test score because you have done your best.4. The doctor_ me to take more exercise.5. The team had won no games and it _ .6. Accord ing to the weather report, the weather will _fine till this weeke nd.Keys: 1. educate 2. accept 3. worry about 4. advised 5. lost heart 6. con ti nue巩固提高

24、三. 完成句子1. He will _ _（被判死刑）for robbing a bank of our city.2. The new mayor of our city will _ _ _（上台）at the end of this mon th.3. The thief_ _ _ （被关进监狱 ）for stealing a few expensive cars.4. He seems to be more than thirty, but_ _ _（事实上）he is onlytwen ty-five.5. It is reported that many people are_ （

25、失业）in that country.Keys: 1. be sentenced to death 2. come to power3. was put in/into prison4. as a matter of fact5. out of work第8页四. 单项选择。1. Dad, I pla n to run a law_ in our tow n.Very good. Tell me more about your idea.A. prin cipleB. positi onC. stageD. firm2. I don t know if Tom will attend the

26、party raiil now.Really?_, Tom is eager to do so.A. I n the endB. As a matter of fact第9页C. On purpose3. As soon as he_, he raised his own opinion about economy.A. reached powerB. arrived at powerC. came to powerD. got to power4. How about going out for a walk?A. What s your opinion?B. I prefer it.C.

27、I agree.D. Good idea!5. We advised they_ to build the bridge early.A. startB. would startC. startedD. have startedKeys:1.选 D。考查词义辨析。firm 在这里意为 公司”2.选 D。插入语 believe it or not 意思是 信不信由你”3. 选 C。come to power 意为 执政；上台 ”4. 选 D。考查日常交际用语。这里表示对别人建议的回答。5.选 A。表达建议、命令、要求”的动词后跟从句，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其结构是“ should 动词 原形”或

28、直接加动词原形。三.单项选择。从 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。( )1. Men and women didn t have rights by law in ancient time.A. sameB. ordinaryC. equalD. con fide nt()2. He is such a kind man that he is ready to help people_ .A. in troubleB. at lastC. of courseD. as well()3. Anyone who is_ to play thi s role in th

29、e play please put up your hand. I don(强迫)anybody.I thi nk I _ .A. fit; will beB. in terested; doC. ready; can beD. willi ng; am( )4. I m sure that this boy will be a great person in the future if he is vMe_ .A. looked afterB. educatedC. concerned aboutD. practiced()5. He was caught and sentenced for

30、_ a dam on the river last year.A. blow ing up B. break ing dow nC. moving awayD. dropp ing off()6. People_ a monument to honor t hose people who devoted their lives to their country.A. set outB. set dow nC. set upD. set on( )7. That man has been_ to death for his behaviors.A. killedB. senten cedC. v

31、otedD. allowedD. Believe it or nott want to force第10页()8. I will never forget the time _ my brother and I stayed together on the farm last summer.A. whatB. whichC. whe nD. in which()9. I m sure I can complete in the coming three days.第11页A. myself dutyB. my own s dutyC. mine dutyD. my own duty()10.

32、During wartime, the religious leader was _ in Mon aha n for twenty years.A. put in a pris onB. put in the pris onC. put in pris onD. put in pris onsKeys:1.选 C。same 意为同样的” ;ordi nary 意为平常的” ;equal 意为平等的” ;con fide nt 意为相信的；确信的”。句意为：在古代，男人和女人在法律上没有平等的权力。根据句意可知，选 C。2. 选 A。选 Aoin trouble 意为陷入困 境的”，符合句意。

33、3.选 D。 be willing to do sth.意为愿意做某事”。前面的主语用了动词be,因此回答是I am”。4. 选 Bolook after 意为照看；照顾” ，be educated 意为得到教育” ，concerned about 意为关心”，practice 不与 the boy 形成被动关系。根据句意，选D 项。5. 选 A。blow up 意为爆炸”，符合句意。6. 选 Coset out 意为开始；出发” ;set down 意为着手”；set up 意为建立”；set on 意为攻击；前进”。根据句意，选 C 项。7.选 B。be sentenced to deat

34、h 为固定搭配，意为判死刑”。8.选 C。考查定语从句的引导词。先行词是time ,引导词在从句中作状语。9. 选 D。ones own 某人自己的。10. 选 Coput sb. in/into prison 为固定搭配，把某人送入监狱。四根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空1. Tom is kin d-hearted and always_ (will) to help others.2. Although he is quite old, he is still very_ (activity).3. I like play ing in the band, but I don t do i

35、t just for fun .It s is my_ (live).4. Without the childre n around, she spe nt a_(peace) day in the garde n.5. He spe nt two years as a_(pris on) in the mountain s. It is an experie nee hebeing sett ing free.6. He often regrets his wasted_ (youn g). Without a good educati on, how can he find a nice

36、job?7. Can you imagi ne such a highly_ (educate) woma n being caught steali ng?8. After he saw the_ (terrible) of war, all he wants now is peace and quite.9. A law has bee n made aga inst_ (cruel) to an imals.10. The judge sent the_ (crime) to pris on fin ally.11. At that time, people ofte n sang so

37、me songs to make fun of the political_(lead).12. We tha nked him_(sincere) for his help ing us out of trouble.Keys: 1.willi ng2.active3.li velihood4.peaceful5.pris oner6.youth 7.educated 8.terrors9.cruelty 10.crim inal11.l eaders 12.s in cerelyll n ever第12页单词拼写（根据句意及所给首字母或汉语提示写出下列单词）1. Products of h

38、igh q_ sell well in the market.2. I refuse to lie about it; It s against my p_ .3. The Chinese people f_ against the Japanese invaders for 8 years and drove them out of China.4. The factory will be closed down over a _ （时期） of two years.5. I d a_ you to buy tickets well in advance if you want to tra

39、vel in the festival.6. She wanted to c_ working after she was married.7. China is playing an important role on the international political _ （舞台） .8. From his p_ on the top of the hill, he had a good view of the city.9. I received an invitation to the party, but I haven t decided（W 接受 heritqor not.1

40、0. Children should not be allowed to watch movies that show a lot of _ （暴力） .11. The prisoner slipped past the g_ on the gate and escaped.12. After the car accident, the woman was still shaking with f_ .13. Winning the match was just _ （回报） for the effort the team had made.14. You have no _ （权利） to

41、stop me from going there.15. It was the second time that he had been elected as _ （总统）Keys:1.quality 2.principle 3.fought 4.period 5.advise 6.continue 7.stage 8.position9. accept 10.violence 11.guards 12.fear 13.reward 14.right 15.president 二完型填写。从所给的四个选项中选择正确答案。Harriet Tubman was born a slave. She

42、didn t get a _1_ to go to school. _2_ a child, Harriet had towork very hard in _3_ all day. That way, her owner could _4_ a lot of money when he sold his crops.Harriet _5_ think that she was being treated fairly._6_ Harriet grew up, she ran away from the plantation （庄园） to the Northern United States

43、. There, and in Canada,_7_ could be free.Harriet liked to be free. She felt _8_ for all of the black people who were _9_ slaves.Harriet returned to _10_ to help other slaves to run away. She made _11_ that they got to the North and became free.Harriet was in great _12_ because of a law that _13_. Th

44、e law said it was not permitted to _14_ runaway slaves.She also _15_ that the slave owners said they would _16_ $4000 to anyone who could catch Harriet Tubman.There were many stories about Harriet _17_ slaves run away. In all, she made nineteen trips back to the South andguided about 300 slaves to _

45、18_. When the Civil War broke out, the northern states _19_ with the southern states.Harriet _20_ the northern states because the Northern believed that slaves should be free. She worked as a nurse andspied should be free. She worked as a nurse and spied behind enemy lines until the northern states won the war.（ ）1. A. dayB. chanceC. permissionD. moment（ ）2. A. AsB. BeingC. Sinc