人教版九年级上册英语Unit5词汇与语法基础(解析版)

1、二曲知识图谱知识精讲、必背词汇material n.材料；原料 chopsticks n.筷子 coin n.硬币fork n.餐叉，叉子blouse n.（女士）短上衣；衬衫sliver n.银，银器； adj.银色的 glass n.玻璃cott on n.棉；棉花steel n.钢；钢铁grass n.草；草地leaf n.叶；叶子produce v.生产；制造；出产 widely adv.广泛地；普遍地 process v.力口工；处理France 法国local adj.当地的；本地的brand n.品牌；牌子avoid v.避免；回避product n.产品；制品han dbag

2、n.小手提包mobile adj.可移动的；非固定的Germany 德国surface /n. 表面；表层postman n.由 E 递员cap n （.尤指有帽舌的）帽子 glove n （分手指的）手套international n adj.国际的 competitor n.参赛者；竞争者 paint v.用颜料画；刷漆 its adj. 它的 form n. 形式；类型 clay n. 黏土；陶土 balloon n. 气球 scissors n. (pl.) 剪刀 lively adj. 生气勃勃的； (色彩)鲜艳的 fairy n. 童话故事 heat n. 热；高温polish v

3、.磨光；修改；润色complete v. 完成二、重点词汇1. material n.1) . a physical substance that things can be made from 材料，原料例句： Crude oil is used as the raw (= basic) material for making plastics. 原油被用作制造塑料的原料。2) . information used when writing something such as a book, or information produced in various forms to help p

4、eople or toadvertise products素材；资料例句： Im collecting material for an article that Im writing. 我正在为所写的一篇文章收集素材。3) . cloth that can be used to make things such as clothes 布，织物，料子例句： How much material will you need to make the skirt? 做这条裙子你需要多少布料？2. produce v.1) . to make something or bring something in

5、to existence 生产；出产；制造例句： France produces a great deal of wine for export. 法国生产大量葡萄酒供出口。2) . to cause a reaction or result 引起；使产生例句： Her remarks produced an awkward silence. 她的讲话引起了一阵尴尬的沉默。3. local adj.1) . from, existing in, serving, or responsible for a small area, especially of a country 当地的，本地的例句

6、： Our children all go to the local school. 我们的孩子都在当地的学校上学。2) . limited to a particular part of the body 局部的，部分的例句： local swelling 局部肿胀4. paint v.1) . to cover a surface with paint 油漆(表面)，(在上)刷油漆 例句： Ive been painting all morning. 我整个早上都在刷油漆。2) . to make a picture using paints(用颜料)画，绘例句： All these pi

7、ctures were pain ted by local artists. 所有这些画都是当地画家画的。5. complete v.1) . to make whole or perfect使完整；使完全；使完美例句： He only n eeds two more cards to complete the set. 他只需再有两张牌就凑成一副了。2) . to write all the details asked for on a form or other document 填写(表格或其他文件)例句： Have you completed your applicati on for

8、m yet?你的申请表填好了吗？3) . to finish doing someth ing完成；完工；结束例句： She will complete her studies in Fran ce.她将在法国完成学业。四、经典句型1. -Are your shirts made of cott on?-Yes, they are. And they were made in the US.-你的衬衣是棉质的么？-是的，它们是美国制造的。2. -What s the model plane made of?-It s made of used wood and glass.-飞机模型是什么做的

9、？-是废木头和废玻璃制造的。3. -How is tea produced?-Tea pla nts are grow n on the sides mountains. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and the n are sent forprocess ing.-茶是怎么制造的？-茶树种植在山边，当茶的叶子成熟时，就会被人工采摘并送去加工。三点剖析一、考点1. be made of & be made from1) . be made of 意为 用制成”表示制成品中可以看出所使用的原材料。2) . be

10、made from 意为 用制成”表示制成品中不可以看出所使用的原材料。例句： Books are made of paper and paper is made from wood.书籍是用纸张做成的，而纸张使用木材做成的。2. be famous for & be known for两者意思相同，都表示以而出名”。三、必背短语no matter 不论；无论be made of 用.制造be known for 以.闻名by hand用手工turn into转变成in trouble在困难之中such as例如even though 虽然；即使more tha n 超过；多于 as

11、faras I know据我所知in the future在未来；将来accord ing to根据put on贝占上cover with 用.覆盖例句： He is famous / known for hardworking. 他以努力工作而闻名。【拓展】be known for / as / to 的区别be known as 意为 因而著名”;be known as 意为 以知名，公认为”；be known to 意为 为所知”。 例句：He was known for his frankness.他以坦率著称。Shes known as a great singer.她被公认为是个出

12、色的歌手。He is known to the police because of his previous criminal record. 他因以前的犯罪记录而为警察所知。二、易错点1. common, general, ordinary, usual 的区别1) . common 意为 “普通的；共同的 ”，侧重于 “普通”，表示 “时时发生，人所共有 ”，并含有 “并不高 贵，地位低下 ”之意，其反义词是 rare。2) . general 侧重 普遍”之意，表示在大多数人或事物中流行并受到关注，不含有地位低下”之意，其反义词是 specific 。3) . ordinary 与 co

13、mmon 基本同义， 侧重 “平凡的， 普通的 ”， 表示 “随时可以碰到， 不值得惊奇 ”， 其 反义词是 superior 。4) . usual 用来指事物， 意为 “通常的， 惯常的 ”， 含有 “随集体风俗或个人习惯而常常发生 ”之意， 其 反义词是 unusual。例句：a common saying俗语a common wish一个共同的愿望the general opinion一般的看法an ordinary / common person一个普通人It s a usual thing with him.这对他来说是常事。2. lively, living, live, ali

14、ve 的区别1) . lively 意为 “生动的，活泼的 ”，作定语(前置) 、表语或宾语补足语，既可以指人，也可指物。2) . living 意为 “活着的，健在 ”，常做表语和定语，多用于指物，也可指人。3) . live 意为 “活的”，一般做定语，只修饰物，不修饰人。4) . alive 意为 “活着的 ”，侧重生与死的界限，常做表语、宾语补足语或后置定语，多用于指人，也 可指物。例句：The lecture is very lively.这个讲座很生动。The old woman is still living.这位老妇人还健在。Dont touch it. It is a liv

15、e snake.别碰它，它是一条活蛇。She was alive when they took her to the hospital. 他们把她送到医院是，她还活着。题模精选题模一： be made of & be made from例 1.1.1 Since early time, people knew that paper can be made_ wood and rags.A.up ofB.ofC.fromD.in例 1.1.2 选择正确的词填空。The windows of some buildings are_（make from / make of） steel an

16、d glass.题模二： be famous for & be known for例 1.2.1 -Pe ng Liyua n is_Chin ese people as a beautiful and popular sin ger.-And now she is also the First Lady in China.A.k nown as B.proud ofC.famous forD.well-k nown to例 1.2.2 句型转换。The Taj Mahal is very famous all over the world.The Taj Mahal is_ all

17、over the world.厶二随堂练习随练 1.1 Every one in a car must wear the seat belt in the new _law.A.educati onB.foodC.traffic随练 1.2-These tea leaves were picked_ hand. Would you like to have a try?Ok.A.forB.withC.byD.through随练 1.3 Jenny seems_my family on the Mid -autumn Festival.A.to visitB.visitC.visit ing随练

18、 1.4 When I travelled in Thaila nd, I bought a rin g. It_ silver.A.was made inB.was made byC.was made ofD.was made from随练 1.5 根据句意及所给汉语提示填写单词。1. She was weari ng a blue_ （衬衣）2. Is it made of_ （棉布），silk or wool?3. Jim is going to collect_ （材料）for a new book.4. The_ （交通）here is very busy on weeke nds.

19、5. The calm water_ （表面） is very much like a mirror.随练 1.6 单词拼写（词汇运用）根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。（1）When will the_ （国际的）meeting be held?(2) Where was the_ (气球)made?(3) 1 bought the_(剪刀)in the supermarket near our home.(4) There were fifteen_ ( 参赛者)in yesterday s competition.(5) When did you_ (完成)the job? The day b

20、efore yesterday.随练 1.7 选词填空（词汇运用）选择方框内合适的词（组）填空。find out, accord ing to, allowed, taught, forms(1) These traditi onal Chin ese_try to show love and happ in ess.(2) _ the weather report, it will be rainy tomorrow.(3) Childre n are_ to sing and dance in this school.(4) They did nt_who the desk was cle

21、a ned by.(5) 1 am not_ to study with my friends because my mother thinks we talk in stead.随练 1.8-What do you kn ow about the city of Wuha n?-It s_its place of interestthe Yellow Crane Tower.A.famous asB.bor n withD.k nown for随练 1.9 补全对话从方框中选择最佳选项完成对话。A . The car made in Shanghai is always great.B.We

22、 should try our best to help make the earth clean and tidy.C.Where was it made?D.Its not good for our environment.E.I bought it last mon th.A: Hi, Wang Lei. How beautiful your car is!B: Thank you._A:_B: It was made in Shang hai.A: Oh._B: Yes, you are right. But there are more and more cars in our ci

23、ty ._A: Yes, environmen tal protect ion is beco ming more and more importa nt.B: I think we should use the car less and use the bike more.A: Yes._ 随练 1.10句型转换(1)They usually send out the sky lanterns during Spring Festival.( 改为被动语态 )The sky lanterns_ usually_duri ng Spring Festival.(2) The com mon t

24、hings are turned into objects of beauty.(改为一般疑问句 )_ the com mon things_ objects of beauty?(3) The toy is made of plastic.(对画线部分提问)_ the toy made of?This kind of food is made by hand.(对画线部分提问)_ this kind of food made?(5)They lock the door when they go out.(改为被动语态)The door_ whe n they go out.随练 1.11 翻

25、译根据中文意思，完成句子。(1) 你知道如何栽树吗？C.similar toDo you know_trees_ ?(2) 哪里有卖玩具车的？_ toy cars_ ?(3) 不论你是谁，都必须 遵守学校规则。_ you are, you must obey the school rules.(4) 这个地方以桃子而闻名。The place_peaches.老板每月付给他 2 000 元钱。He_ 2, 000 yua n a month by his boss.h建能力拓展拓展 1 Look at the chair. It is made _ bamboo. It looks comfor

26、table.A.inB.ofC.i ntoD.by拓展 2-_is the bag made of?-It s made of cloth.A.WhatB.HowC.WhenD.Why拓展 3 It took my brother two hours _making the model plane.A.fin ishB.fin ishi ngC.to fin ishD.fin ished拓展 4 My hometown is famous _ its seafood. Lots of visitors go there and enjoy the seafood everyyear.A.ofB

27、.asC.forD.with拓展 5 We all try to avoid _ useless things in order not to waste money.A.buyB.to buyC.bu yingD.bought拓展 6 完形填空Mr.Brow n lives in a village. He has got a big family and a strong_ 1_ .His farm is small and he is ofte n_ 2_in win ter. So he goes to the city and finds work there.Once he sta

28、yed there for about two mon ths. When New Year was coming, he_ 3_ home to see his wifeand childre n. On his way home, someth ing was wrong with his eyes. When he was kn ock ing at the door, his dogcame out and bit him. His wife hurried to drive_ 4_away.The n ext morni ng he went to see_5_ .The docto

29、rlooked over his eyes carefully and gave him some medici ne. Before he_ 6_ ,he told the doctor about his dog.When the doctor heard this, he began to_7_and said,“ Maybe something is wrong with_ 8_eyes, t(think. ”When he got home, he told his wife about it. The woma n said,I_9_its true. If a thief com

30、es intohouse, it wont see him and hell steal someth ing here.”Mr.Brow n thought his wife was_10_.He had to make his dog take his medici ne in stead.(1)A.childB.dogC.wifeD.sonA.freeB.busyC.safeD.worriedA.reachedB.comesC.goesD.returnedA.her husbandB.the dogC.the thiefD.their childre n(5)A.his dogB.his

31、 wifeC.a doctorD.his frie ndA.got homeB.leftC.we ntD.cameA.cryB.writeC.laughD.work(8)A.your dogsB.yourC.your wifesD.your childrens(9)A.am afraidB.am sorryC.dont thinkD.agree(10)A.illB.wrongC.unhappyD.right拓展 7 任务型阅读At East China Uni versity of Scie nee and Tech no logy, stude nts who finish their fo

32、od in the campus can tee n get a coup on (优惠券)whe n they return their trays( 托盘).Stude nts can collect coup ons and excha nge them for small gifts, such as books, magazines and mobile phone covers.It has been such a surprise,” said Liang Zhaoyun, 19, a student in this university. Ithamotivation (动机)

33、to finish our food.”“ The aim of the activity is not on ly to en courage stude nts to fin ish their food. We hope it can also motivate students tochoose a more environment-friendly and healthier lifestyle,said Tao Siliang, a teacher of thisuni versity.But some can tee n food is poorly prepared, mean

34、ing that stude nts are not willi ng to finish it all.“ Gen erally speak ing, the dishes in our can tee n are all right,_. Most stude nts are the only child in theirfamily and arent used to some of the dishes,” said Wang Guangji, a leader of this uni versity.What if you really cant finish all your fo

35、od? The can tee n provides a take -away service. If you cant finish all your food,_ _ .Even if you feed the cat, its not wasted, said Zhou Zeyong, another student of thisuni versity.Im glad that weve reduced waste since starting the campus -up activity. But if wheat_students notto waste food, we sho

36、uld also improve the meals in campus can tee ns,” said Wang.根据短文内容完成下列任务。(1)从 A、B、C、D 中为、处选出适当的选项_，使文章通顺、 连贯、合理。_A.so its easy to satisfy all the studentsB.you can get a box to take the leftovers homeC. you have to throw the leftovers awayD. but of course its difficult to satisfy all the students(2)

37、 请在处填止一个合适的单词或短语，使句子完整、上下文通顺。(3) What can the stude nts use the coup ons to do?(4) 请将画线的句子翻译成汉语。(5) The writer wants to tell us_ .拓展 8 书面表达假如你叫王东，是山东省潍坊市的一名中学生。最近你的美国笔友J i m 给 你 写 了 一 封 信，他 想 了 解 一 下 你 家 乡的传统艺术品。请你根据下表提示给他写一封回信。要求不少于 80 词,可适当发挥。信的开头和结尾已给出不计入总词数。Form of traditi onal artkitesHistoryov

38、er 2, 000 yearsMaterialSticks, strings and paperFeatures （特征）be made into differe nt sizes, shapes andcolors; fly high in the sky答案解析题模精选题模一： be made of & be made from例 1.1.1【答案】C【解析】考察固定搭配。从语境纸张的原料 wood 和 rag 可知，原料是不能看出的，要用 be made from 结构, 故选 Co例 1.1.2【答案】made of【解析】考察固定搭配。从语境纸张的原料steel 和 glas

39、s 可知，原料是能看出的，要用be made of 结构。题模二： be famous for & be known for例 1.2.1【答案】D【解析】考察固定搭配。表示对某人而言很闻名”应该用短语 be famous / well -known to sb 结构，故选 D。例 1.2.2【答案】well known【解析】考察固定搭配。句意：泰姬陵世界闻名。 表示闻名”的短语有 be famous for 和 be well known for, 当两个短语后面不接宾语时不用介词。心磁随堂练习随练 1.1【答案】C【解析】考察名词辨析。根据本题语境“在新的交通法中，汽车里每个人都

40、必须系安全带”可知，所缺词是 traffic，故选 Co随练 1.2【答案】C【解析】考察介词。by hand 意为“手工”，故选 C。随练 1.3【答案】A【解析】考察固定搭配。 seem to do sth 表示“好像做某事”，故选 A。随练 1.4 【答案】 C【解析】考察固定搭配。根据题中a ring 以及 silver 可知考察 be made of 结构，表示由.制成”,品中可以看出原材料，故选C。随练 1.5【答案】 1. blouse2. cotton3. material4. traffic5. surface 【解析】考察本课词汇的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词

41、的单复数。随练 1.6【答案】(1) international(2) balloon(3) scissors(4) competitors(5) complete【解析】 (1)国际的 international 。(2) 气球 balloon 。根据 was 可知应填可数名词单数。(3) 剪刀 scissors。参赛者 competitor。根据 fifteen 十五,可知应该用可数名词复数。完成 completeo助动词 did 后跟动词原形。随练 1.7【答案】 (1)forms(2) According to(3) taught(4) find out(5) allowed【解析】(

42、1)句意：这些传统的中国 _ 试图显示爱和幸福。forms 形式(复数)。(2)_ 句意：天气预报 朋天将下雨。according to 根据。句子开头单词首字母应大写。句意：在这所学校孩子们 _唱歌和跳舞。be+动词过去分词为被动语态,are taught 被教。(4)_ 句意：他们没有 (不)桌子是谁清洁的 ? didnt 后跟动词原形。 find out 找出,发现,查明。句意：我不_ 和我的朋友们学习，因为我的妈妈认为我们是在讲话。be+动词过去分词为被动语态allowed 被允许。随练 1.8【答案】 D【解析】考察固定搭配。结合本题语境可知，武汉以黄鹤楼闻名，因此 随练 1.9【答

43、案】 ECADB【解析】第一空不好判断，可将其余四个选项选出后再填写。根据“ How beautiful your car is!你的小汽车真漂亮！ ”可知谈论买的小汽车。 E. I bought it last month. 我上个月买的。2根据答语 “It was made in Shang hai 它产于上海。可知此处是在询问产于何地。C. Where was it made?它从成,ambe known for 符合题意，故选 D。产于何地？3上一句 “It was made in Shang ha 它产于上海。选项 A 禾口此句有关。 A. The car made in Shang

44、hai is alwaysgreat.上海产的小汽车总是很好。4根据上一句 “Yes, you are right. But there are more and more cars in our city. 是的 ,你是对的。但是在我们城市 小汽车越来越多。 ”和下一句 “ Yes, environmental protection is becoming more and more important. 是的 ,保护环 境变得越来越重要。 ”此处填由此而产生的环境问题。 D. Its not good for our environment. 它对我们的环境不 好。5根据上一句 “ Ith

45、ink we should use the car less and use the bike more.我认为我们应该少开小汽车多骑自行车。和 Yes 是的，可知说话人赞同另一人的观点 B. We should try our best to help make the earth clean and tidy.我们应该尽力帮助使地球干净整洁。随练 1.10【答案】(1) are； sent out(2) Are ； turned into(3) What is(4) How is(5) is locked【解析】根据题干中 send 可知此题考查一般现在时的被动语态，am/is/are+动

46、词过去分词。主语为 Ian terns灯笼 (复数 ),be 动词为 are。改为一般疑问句即将句中be 动词 are 提前，注意首字母大写。对物品制成材料提问，用特殊疑问词 what,句子开头应大写。再加剩余句子的一般疑问句句式，即将 is 提前。(4)句意：这种食物是手工制作的。对制作方式提问，用特殊疑问词 how(首字母应大写)。再加剩余句子的一般疑问句句式，即将 is 提前。根据题干中 lock 可知此题考查一般现在时的被动语态,am/is/are+动词过去分词。主语为 The door(单数),be动词为 is。随练 1.11【答案】(1) how ； are planted(2)

47、Where are； sold(3) No matter who(4) is famous/known for(5) is paid【解析】(1)此题考查特殊 疑问句做宾语从句，要主语从句用陈述句式。怎样how；栽：plant。从句中主语为 trees 树(复数 )，应该用被动语态结构 are planted。哪里 where,句子开头首字母应大写。卖selI,主语为 toy cars 玩具车(复数)，应该用被动语态结构are soldo特殊疑问句中 be 动词在主语前。(3) 无论谁 no matter who。句子开头首字母应大写。(4) 以 而闻名 be famous/known for

48、 。主语为 the place 这个地方 (单数 )，be 动词用 is。付钱：pay。根据主语 he 他,by the boss 被老板,a mo nth 每月，可知应该用一般现在时的被动语态。心娃能力拓展拓展 1【答案】B【解析】考察固定搭配。根据语境可知考察 be made of 结构表示“由制成”，从成品中可以看出原材料， 故选 B。拓展 2【答案】A【解析】考察疑问副词。结合答语可知所缺的疑问词是what，故选 A。拓展 3【答案】C【解析】考察考察固定搭配。It takes sb sometime to do sth 表示“做某事花费某人多久时间”，故选 C。拓展 4【答案】C【解

49、析】考察固定搭配。结合本题语境可知，我的家乡以海鲜闻名，应该用be famous for 结构，故选 C。拓展 5【答案】C【解析】考察固定搭配。 avoid doing sth 表示“避免做某事”，故选 C。拓展 6【答案】BADBC BCAAD【解析】大意：布朗先生因为农场比较小，冬天比较悠闲所以到城里务工。在回家过年的时候，他发现自己的眼睛不是很舒服。回到家敲门的时候，他家的狗咬了他，跟医生提起的时候，医生说可能够的眼睛也出了问题，所以布朗先生决定将自己的药给狗吃。(1)句意：他有一个大家庭，还有一只强壮的狗。根据第二段hisdog came out 他的狗出来，可知布朗先生家有一只强壮

50、的狗。句意：他的农场很小，所以冬天的时候他很悠闲。A 有空,B 忙,C 安全，D 担心。根据 His farm is small,可知农场小所以冬天他经常有空闲时间。句意：当新年快来时，他回家去看他的妻子和孩子。A 到达,B 来,C 去,D 返回。根据第一段 So he goes to thecity and finds work there.所以他去城里找到了工作可知，此处是返回。句意：Mr.Brown 的妻子赶紧把狗赶走了。根据his dog came out and bit him.他的狗出来然后咬了他，可知妻子赶紧把狗赶走。(5)句意：第二天早上，他去看了医生。联系上文可知布朗先生被狗

51、咬了，所以要去看医生。句意：Mr. Brown 离开医生之前，告诉医生关于狗的事。 根据上文 The doctor looked over his eyes carefully and gave him somemedicine.医生检查了他的眼睛，还给他一些药，可知此时布朗先生已经要离开。句意：当医生听到这件事，他开始笑。A 哭,B 写,C 笑,D 工作。根据 Maybe something is wrong with_eyes, too, I think.我认为可能你的狗狗的眼睛也有问题，可知医生在开玩笑。(8) 句意：我认为可能狗狗的眼睛也有问题。联系上文可知，布朗先生告知医生关于狗的事，此处应是说狗的眼睛。(9) 句意：我恐怕它是对的。A 恐怕,B 抱歉,C 不认为,D 同意。根据 If a thief comes into our house,it wont see himand hell steal something here.如果一个小偷进入我们的房子，他就可以偷走一些东