Step-by-step-3000-第二册-U1-U6-答案与原文

1、Unit1PartIA87,80,53,48,24,17Script:ThePorterFamilyMrWilliamPorterisveryold.Heis87.AndMrsCatherinePorteris80.MrPorterisfromWales.JohnPorterandMaryarebrotherandsister.JohnPorteris53andheisalawyer.HiswifeSusanis48,andsheisanarchitect.JamesPorterandJoanLeearecousins.JamesPorteris24andJoanLeeis17.PartIB1

2、. spendingspecialtimetogether.2. specific,complain,request,praise.3. fatigue,insecurities,foxhole,strikingout,protect.4. distant5. allmarriages,Worktogetherounderstand6. Respcct,danger,professional,physical,verbal7. Understand,winPartI-C40,exce1,dom6sticargument,losingwinwin,lose-lose,win,agift,retu

3、rnsargueover,aren't,who,incontrol,fear,didn'tneed,oughtnotto,couldn't,triedto,destroy,marriagelove,loved,secure,discover,garden,cultivate,themostprecious,ownself,bloom.obtain,ourpartner,lovedandrespected,control.PartII-AA21. similarsocialbackgrounds.2. thesameraceorsameethnicbackground.3

4、. thesamereligion.A3Japan/9.2%/arrangedmarriages3%/betweenblacksandwhitesManypeopleinWesterncultureschoosetheirownwivesandhusbands.Inmanyothercountries,spouseareoftenchosenbytheparents.InChinaandJapanbeforethiscentury(20thcentury),upperc1assmarriageswerearrangedbytheo1dermales.InmanyculturesintheMid

5、d1eEast,Asia,andpre-industrialEurope,theman'sfamilynegotiateda"brideprice"withthewoman'sfamily;theman'sfamilywasexpectedtopayit.InHinduIndia,thebride,sfamilypaida"groom'sprice"tothefamilyoftheman.Thesecustomsareweakening;forintance,only9.2percentofJapanesemarriag6

6、sarenowarranged.Whatarethecriteriaforchoosingmates?Mostmarriages-whetherarrangedbyfamiliesoroccurringfrompersonalattractionorlove-arebasedonsimilarsocialbackgrounds.Inotherwords,themanandthewomancomefromthesamesocialclass(orelseaclassthatisonlyslightlyhighcrorslightlower).AmongmanypeopleinEgypt,keym

7、embersoftheman'sfamilymustgotothefamilyofthewomanandproposemarriage.Thesefamilymembersmustbeabletoshowthattheman'sfamilyisatleastofthesamesocia1c1assasthewomanandthatacertainamountofmoneyexiststoallowthemarriagetogoforward.Havingthesameraceorthesameethnicbackgroundisthesecondmaincriterionfor

8、marriagethroughouttheworld.IntheU.S,.Wheretherearemanydifferentraces,only3percentofa11marriagesarebetweenb1acksandwhites,meaningthattheracesarestilllargelyseparateinmarriage.Inmanycountries,marriageisalsobasedonthewomanandmanhavingthesamereligion;thisisathirdcommoncriterionforchoosingamate.Inculture

9、inwhichreligionisverystrongvalue,marriageswouldoftennottakeplaceiftherewerereligiousdifferences.PartII-B1. physicalappearance;2. whatsomebodylookslike,.,lookbeyondthephysicalappearance3. thehighpcrcentageofdivorces.4. fal1inglovewithsomebody,lovingsomebodyScript:Whatdoyouthinkitisthatattractspeoplet

10、oeachother,thatmakespeoplewanttobetogether?Ithinkthatperhapsunfortunatelyintheinitialstagesit'sthephysicalappearancethatattracts.Ithinkunlessyoufindsomebodyattractive,unlessthere'ssomethingaboutthem-itcouldonlyperhapsbethewaytheysmileortheylaugh,oratwinkleintheireye,orthewayofacurlfa11sovert

11、heirforehead.Butsomethinglikethathastomakeyouinterestedenoughtofindoutmoreaboutthatperson,unlessthat'sthereIthinkyoujustdon'tbother.SoinitiallyphysicalattractionIthinkisallimportant.Whydoyousay"unfortunate1y"?BecauseinfactitshouldMtbewhatsomebodylookslikethatisimportant.Youshouldbe

12、ableto100kbeyondhephysicalappearanceandseewhatsortofapersonheorsheis,whethertheyareselfishorselfless,whethertheyarekind,caring.ButIthinkinitiallyyouarenotbotheredwiththat.Thatcomeperhapslater.Inpopsongsandmagazinesandnewspapersandsonon,theideaoffallingloveinsalwaysemphasized,sopeop1ehavethisideathat

13、youhavetofallinlove.Doyouthinkthisismisleadingforpeople?DoyouthinkpcopleexpectsomethingthatinfactdoesMtexist?Yes,Ido.InfactIthinkwecanprobab1ylaytheblameforthehighpercentageofdivorce-it'sathirdIthinknow,isn'tit?Ithinkoneinthreepeoplegetdivorced.ProbablyasfarasIcanseeit,thereasonisthattheygoi

14、ntomarriageorintoarelationshipwithaveryromanticviewoflovewhichIthinkhasbeencreatedbythepopsongs,byal1thelovestores,bytheBarbaraCartlandnovels,etc.,thatyoungpeopleread.Really,youmeetsomeone,youfallinlove,andthat'sit.,it'sthebeginning,theylivehappilyevenafter.AndIthinkthat'stheproblem,beea

15、usepeoplejustexpectthat,andit'snot1ikethat.Sowhatisit,doyouthink,thatreallysustainsarelationship,thatkeepsare1ationshipgoing?Well,Ithinkyouhavetodifferentiatebetweenfallingin1ovewithsomebody,whichIseeasmoresuperficia1,andlovingsomebody,whichIseeasadeeperemotionandonethatperhapslasts.Fa1linginlov

16、eissupcrficialattraction,beingattractcdtosomebodyphysical1y,havingfuntogether,whereas1ovingsomebodyIthinkisanemotionthatgrows,itcomeswithsharedexperiences,perhapsenjoyingdoingthesamethingstogether,sharedhobbies,sharedinterests,sufferingtogetheraswell,goingthroughthebadtimes,he1pingeachother,supporti

17、ngeachother.Ithinkallthatneedstimetogrow,andI'dcallthatlove,andIthinkthat7swhatmakesarelationshiplast.PartII-Coneofthebiggcstdecisionstheywi1lmakeinlife,asthe"just-right"wifeforhim,definitionofwhatthe"just-right"wifeis,themillionairemanandthepoorman,herphysicalqualities,diffe

18、rentwords,byherphysicalqualities,intwodifferentatmospheres,a1sohavetheirdefinitionofthe"just-right"wife,theGermanman'sdefinitionisdifferentfromtheSpanishman's.Script:PartIIIAbaseballdiamondfrizzlyhair/g1asses/funny/monologueAwinebarpizzaAfancy-dresspartythemandressedasCheshireCatOu

19、tsideacinemacoincidence/he'dalsomissedthefilmAboat/theriverbankfellinriver/hedivedinandrescuedherScript:Kate:Iwasonmywayhomefromjuniorhighandinordertogettomyhouseyouhavetowalkbythisbaseba1ldiamond.Andtherewasagameofbaseballgoingonandit1ookedkindofinteresting,soIstopped.Therewerenztverymanypeople

20、watching.Andtherewasthisguyandhewasn'treal1yverygood-looking,buthehadfrizzlyhairandglassesandhewasrea1lyfunny.Hedidthiskindofmonologuething,whichwargreat.AndIwenthomeandIto1dmymotherIwasgoingtomarryhimaftertalkingtohimforhalfanhour.AndwhenIgottohighschoo1,hewaspresidentofthestudentbodyandheaskcd

21、meoutand.,.we'vegotourpictureintheyearbooktogetherholdinghands,andit/sreallynice.Ke:Well,I'darrangedtohaveadrinkwithafriendofmine,awomanfriendofminewho7sap1atonicfriendofmine.AndsheinsistedonbringingthisfriendofherswhoshesaidI7d1iketomeetandIthoughtshewastryingtofixusupandIsaid,"Pleased

22、on't!"Butshedidbringthisfriendandwehititoff.Andafterthewinebarwewenttohaveapizzaandweallhadafewmoredrinksandtheotherwomanwhoendeduporderingapizzathathadabunchofstuffonitthatshereally1iked,sowepickedateachother'spizzasallnightandwerealizedthatweweresortofhadanidealre1ationship,sothatweco

23、u1dorderreal1yanypizzaonthemenuandwe/dbothbehappy.Andanywayweendeduplivingtogetherandstillare.Cora1yn：Wemetatapartyanditwasfancy-dressparty.Afriendofmine7stwenty-firstanditwasquitebigandIwentdressedasAliceinWonder1andandthisperson,thisguythatImarriedwasdresscdastheCheshireCat.Anditjustseemedsoamazin

24、gthat,youknow,wewerebothfromthesamethingandwestartedchattingandendedupbeingtogether.Ji11:I'darrangedtogotothecinemawithagroupoffriendsandunfortunate1yImissedthetrainthatwouldhavegotmetostandingoutside-thefilmhadstarted.SoIwasn'tallowedin.Andtherewasachapoutside,he'dalsomissedthefilmandwe

25、startedtotalkandwetalkedquiteabitandhesaid,"Lefsgodowntheroadandsesthatfilm,becausethatonehasrYtstartedattheOdeon."Sowewentdownthereandwe'vebeengoingouteversinee!Carole:IfirstmetmypartnerwhenhewasonaboatandIwasontheriverbank,standingand1ookingejenerallyintothedistanceandhewascominginto

26、landwithhisboatandhethrewmearopeandsaid,"Wouldyoumindcatchingthis?"andIcaughtitandmissedandtrippedoveritandfel1intheriverandhehadtodiveinandrescueme.Andthatwasit!PartIVBook,choked,disappointment,takeyoutodinner,to1erantsmi1e,wentby,rose,bigrestaurant,test,understandandadmireScript：JohnBlan

27、chardstoodupfromthebench,straightenedhisarmyuniform,andstudiedthecrowdofpeoplemakingtheirwaythroughGrandCentra1Station.Helookedforthegirlwhoseheartheknew,butwhosefacehedidn't,thegir1withtherose.HisinterestinherhadbegunthirteenmonthsbeforeinFloridalibrary.Takingabookofftheshelfhefoundhimselfintri

28、gued,notwiththewordsofthebook,butwiththenotespenciledinthemargin.Thesofthandwritingreflectedathoughtfulsou1andinsightfulmind.Inthefrontofthebook,hediscoveredthepreviousowner/sname,MissHo1lisMayne11.Withtimeandefforthelocatedheraddress.She1ivedinNewYorkCity.Hewroteheraletterintroducinghimselfandinvit

29、inghertocorrespond.ThenextdayhewasshippedoverseasforserviceinWorldWarthroughthemail.Eachletterwasaseedfallingonafertileheart.Aromancewasbudding.Blanchardrequestedaphotograph,butsherefused.Shefeltthatifherea11ycared,itwouldnztmatterwhatshelookedlike.WhenthedayfinallycomeforhimtoreturnfromEurope,theys

30、cheduledtheirfirstmeeting-7:00P.m.AttheGrandHotelStationinNewYork."Youwillrecognizeme,"shewrote,"bytheredroseI'llbewearingonmy1apel."Soat7:00hewasinthestaition1ookingforagir1whosehearthe1oved,butwhosefacehe'dneverseen.I'11letMrBlanchardtellyouwhathappened.Ayoungwomanw

31、ascomingtowardme,herfigurelongandslim.Herblondehairlaybackincurlsfromherdelicateears.Hereyeswereasblueflowers.Herlipsandchinhadagentlefirmness,andinherpalegreensuitshewaslikespringtimecomingalive.Istartedtowardher,entirelyforgettingtonoticethatshewasnotwearingarose.AsImoved,asmall,provocativesmilecu

32、rvedherlips."Goingmyway,sai1or?"shemurmured.Almostuncontrol1ablyImadeonestepc1osertoher,andthenIsawHo1llisMayne1l.Shewasstandingalmostdirectlybehindthegirl.Awomanwellpast40,shehadgrayinghairtuckedunderawornhat.Shewasmorethanplump,herthick-ankledfeetthrustintolow-heeledshoes.Thegirlinthegre

33、ensuitwaswakingquick1yaway.Ife1tasthoughtIwassplitintotwo,sokeenwasmydesiretofo1lowher,andyetsodeepwasmy10ngingforthewomanwhosespirithadtrulycompanion6dmeandupheldmyown.Andthereshestood.Herpaleplumpfacewasgent1eandsensible,hergrayeyeshadawarmandkindlytwinkle.Ididnothesitate.Myfingersgrippedthesmallw

34、ornblueleathercopyofthebookthatwastoidentifymetoher.Thiswouldnotbelove,butitwou1dsomethingpcrhapsevenbetterthanbe s ome t h i n g pr e cio u s, l o ve.Isquaredmyshouldersandsalutedandhe1doutthebooktothewoman,eventhoughwhileIspokeIfeltchockedbythebitternessofmydisappointment:"ImLieutenantJohnBla

35、nchard.I'msogladyoucouldmeetme;mayItakeyouTakeyoutodinner?”Thewomansfacebroadenedintoatoleratesmile.“Idon'tknowwhatthisisabout,son,"shanswered,buttheyoungladyinthegreensuitwhojustwentby,shebeggedmetowearthisrose0nmycoat.Andshesaidifyouweretoaskmetodinner,Ishouldtellyouthatsheiswaitingfo

36、ryouinthebigrestaurantacrossthestreet.Shesaidthisiskindoftest!Unit2ShapingandreshapingpersonalityPartI-A1 h,2-d,3-j,4-k,5-b,6-i,7-g,8-e,9-1,10-f,11-c,12-aTapescript:1. TaurusApril21-May12,isrepresentedbyabul1.2. Virgoisrepresentedbyayoungwoman.3. Capricornbyagoat.4. Piscesbytwofish.5. Aquariusbythew

37、aiter-bearer.6. Leobya1ion7. Cancerbyacrab8. Aries.byaram9. Geminibytwins10. Sagitarusbyacentaurshooinganarrow11. Scorpiobyascorption12. Librabyapairofmeasuringscales.PartI-BVery,notvery,extremely,sortof,veryTapescript:W:Hey,Kevin.Helpmefilloutthispersonalitysurvey.It'11befun.M:Oh,Idon'tknow

38、.W:Oh,comeon.Ok,here'sthefirstone-whatshouldIputfor"aggressive"?M:Oh,I.I'dsay"very".W:Very?Really?M:Yeah,sure.Lookatthewayyoudrive!W:Well,Ok,soI'maveryaggressivedriver.But.Youhavetodrivelikethatinthiscity,oryou/regonnabehit,because.M:Uh,.What'sthenextone?W:"S

39、elfish".M:Oh,notatall.W:Real1y?Well.Maybejustalittle.Imean,alotofpeopleare,right?Justalittlebit?Youknow,Imean,Itrytothinkof0therpcople,butsometimesIdojustthinkofmyself,Iguess.M:Ok,Ok,soput"notvery."W:OKM:Butyoucanput"extreme1y"forthenextone.W:What?Oh,"kind"?M:Yes.D

40、on'tyouthinkyouareanextremelykindperson?W:Iam?Ok,ifyousayso.Oh,looktthisnextone.W：Yeah.M:Hmm.Idon'tknow.Sometimesyoucanberea11ypatient,butothertimesyouarenotpatientatall.Likerememberthattimeinlineatthesupermarketwhenyougot.W:Ok,ok,Igetyourpoint.I'llput"sortof"/.M:Ok,that'sr

41、ight.W:Nextone."jealous".IguessIamsortofjealous.M:Sortof?Idput"very".Rememberhowangryyougotwhenmyex-girlfriendcalledtheotherday?Irememberyouaregonnaraisetheroof.W:Allright,allright,"Very".PartI-CAmbitiousandproudHe1pfulandhonestSe1fishandunreliableTapescript:Georg|eW:So

42、whatareyougoingtodoafteryougraduates,George?G:rmgoingtostartmyownbusinessW:Oh,really?Whattypeofbusiness?G:Well,Ihaven'tdecidedyet,butIknowK1lbesuccessfulinanythingIdo.Infact,Iamgoingtobeoneofthetopbusinesspeopleintowninlessthanfiveyears.Justwaitandsee!Ihaveeverythingittakes-Iamsmart,Icanorganize

43、people.AndIamfullofideasthatcanmakemoney.KarenK:Hey!Lookatthiswalletonthesidewa1k.Wow!There/slotofmoneyinit.Butnoidentification.MmmIwonderhowIcanfindtheowner?IguessIwi1ltakeittothepolicestationandseeifanyonehasreportedalostwallet.PamM:Whatareyoudoingtonight,Pam?P:Well,IwassupposedtomeetBillafterwork

44、foramovie,butIdon'tfeellikegoing.IthinkIwillgoshoppinginstead.M:Won'tBillgetmad?P:Oh,Iamsurehecanfindsomethingelsetodo.M:Oh?P:Besides,Ireallyneedsomenewclothes.Ihaven'tboughtanyfornear1yamonth!M:Huh!PartIIYoungboys1. Measuretheboys/abilitiesandhowtheyfeltabouttheirownabi1ities;2. Threegr

45、oups-thosewithhighse1f-esteem/middleself-esteem/lowself-esteem3. Inallsituation-athome/atwork/inschool/withfriends1.Active/abletoexpressideas/successfulinschoolandinr61ationswithotherpeople/creative/ledindiscussions/interestedinworldproblems/seldomtiredorsick2 .Liketheboyswithhighsei-esteem/expressi

46、deasfreely/sawtheworldasagoodandhappyplace/notsureoftheirownvalue3 .Sadmosttime/afraidtostartactivities/feltno1ove/couldn'texpressideas/afraidofanger/notalkindiscussiona.closenessb.goodbehaviorb.almostanythingc.definite,strict,kindandthoughtfulc.nodefinited. rewardsd.harshpunishmente. democratic

47、,respectedf.importancc,takenawayf.didn7tlovethemTapescript:Scientistshavelearnedagreatdealaboutthepartsofbrainandtheirfunctions.Theyhavealsostudiedthedevelopmentofthepersonality,forexamp1e,howababylearnstolove.InrecentstudiesattwouniversiticsintheUnitedStates,scientistshaveinvestigatedthedevelopment

48、ofself-esteem.Self-6stecmistherespectapersonhasforhimself,hisbe1iefinhisabi1ityandinthevalueofwhathedoes.Thescientistsstudiedseif-esteeminyoungboys.Theygavethemmanytests.Thesetestmeasuredtheboys'abi1itiesandalsohowtheyfeltabouttheirownabilities.Afterthetests,theboysweredividedintothreegroups-tho

49、sewithhighesteem,thosewithmiddle-estecmandthosewithloveseifesteem.Thescientistcontinuedtostudytheboysinal1situations.Theystudiedthemathome,atwork,inschool,andwiththeirfriends.Fromtheirstudies,thescientistsmadesomeobservations.Boyswithhighse1f-esteemwereactive.Theywereabletoexpresstheirideas.Theywere

50、successfulinschoolandintheirrelationswithotherpeop1e.Indiscussions,they1ed.Theydidn'tjust1isten.Theywereintercstedinworldprob1ems.Theywerecreativeandbe1ievedthattheycouldfinishwhatevertheystarted.Theyseldombecametiredorsick.Inmanyways,theboyswithmiddleself-esteemwereliketheboyswithhighself-estee

51、m.Theytooexpressedtheirideasfree1yandsawtheworldasagoodandhappyp1ace.However,theywerenotsureoftheirownva1ueaspeople.Theydidtheirbestworkwhentheyweresurethatotherpeoplelikedthem.Theboyswithlowsei-esteemweredifferentfromtheothertwogroups.Theyweresadmostofthemtime.Theywereafraidtostartactivities.Theyfe

52、1tthatnoonelovedthem.Theycouldnotexpresstheirideas.Theywereafraidofanger.Inadiscussion,theylistened,buttheydidn7ttalk.Thescientistsasked,"Howdosomeboysdevelophighself-esteem?":"Whatisdifferentintheirlives?"Someoftheanswersweresurprising.Highselfesteemdidnotdepcnduponphysica1appea

53、rancQormoney,orsizeoffami1y.Itdidnotdependuponhowmuchthemotherwasathome.Thescientistsfoundthattherewasac1osenessbetweentheboyswithhighself-6stecmandtheirparents.Theirparentsshowedrealinterestinthem,andspendtimewithtime.Theylistenedtotheirsonsandgavethemhelpwhentheboysaskedforit.Theyknewtheirsons'

54、;friends.Thesonknewthattheywereimportanttotheirparents.Theseparentsdemandedgoodbehavior.Theymaddefiniterules.Theywerestrict,butnotharsh.Theycorrectedtheirsons'behaviorbyrewards,notbypunishment.Theynevertookawaytheirlove.Ontheotherhand,theparentsofboyswithlowseif-esteem1ettheirsonsdoalmostanythin

55、g.Ifaboymadeamistake,theparentspunishedhimharshly.Theyboysbelievedthattheirparentsdidn'tlovethem.Therewerenodefiniterules.Thefamilylifeoftheboyswithhighself-esteemwasdemocratic.Theparentsmaderules,buttheyledinakindandthoughtfulway.Theyshowedrespectfortheirchildren'sideas,evenwhentheydidnotag

56、reewiththem.Theylettheboysgivetheiropinionsindiscussionsoffamilyplans.Theseboyswereproductivecitizens.Nowthesescientistsarestudyingothergroupsofchildren.Theywanttolearnhowtohelpchi1drenwithlowse1f-esteemfeelbetteraboutthemselves.Inthisway,thesechildrencanbecomeproductivecitiz6nstoo.PartIII-ASad,temp

57、orary,long,sufferfrommental,Anyone,ten,developing,80percent,drugs,effcctive,carefullyWithout,activity,minor,walking,30,four,improve,physical,traditional,hour,talking,doctors,Discussion,ways,problemsEducation,understand.PartIII-B1Joyous,warm,1ovingMan i fest angerventangeronsomebodyDumpangerTapescrip

58、tSpeaker1Iactuallyveryrarelygetanger.I'vequitealongtetherwhenitcomestoangcr,whichdoesn'tmean,Ireallydon'tbelieveI'msuppressinganyangeratall,butitmanifestits61finaverysarcasticwaywithme.Likeifforexample,ifI'mbuyingarailwayticketorsomethingandtheguybehindthecounterisverysur1yandyou

59、nowrefusestotreatme1ikeahumanbeing,Iwon'tgetangrywithhimbut1711getverysarcasticwithhimandtrytomakeveryveryclev6rremarks.Andthatformesevcrsitspurpose.Idofeelcleansedafterasituationlikethat.OfcourseIdosometimes,ifit'sabsolute1ynecessaryIdogetveryangry,ifI/mtakenthatfar.ButIcertain1ydon/tsuppressanyanger.Speaker2Well,myangeristiedupwithmysleeplessnights.Imean,ifIdonnotsleepwell,Iwakeupinthemorning,Iamangry.Iuseanyexcusetoventmyangeronanybody.IfIsleepwell,theneverythingisfine.I'majoyous,warm,1ovingperson.Slc