最新职称英语真题及答案：理工类B级(完整版)

1、职称英语真题及答案：理工类B 级（完整版）第 1 部分：词汇选项（第 1 15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分）下面每个句子中均有1 个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1. The revelationof his past led to his resignation.A. imagination B. disclosureC. confirmation D.recall答案为 B. revelation( 揭露) disclosure(揭露 )2. Jensenis a dangerous man, and can be very brutal.A. ca

2、reless B. cruelC. strong D.hard答案为 B. brutal( 残忍的 ) cruel3. You llhave to sprint if you want to catch the train.A. jump B.escapeC. run D.prepare答案为 C. sprint ( 快速奔跑 ) run(奔跑 )4. We areworried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.A. changeable B. stableC. suitable D.adaptable答案为 A. fluid(

3、 不稳定的 ) changeable (易变的 )5. Thenew garment fits her perfectly.A. haircut B.purseC. clothes D.necklace答案为 C. garment(衣服 ) clothes(衣服 )6. Thephobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.A. fear B.joyC. hurt D.memory答案为 C. trauma(精神上的创伤 ) hurt (感情上的伤心或痛苦 )7. Theyhave to build canals to irrigate the d

4、esert.A. decorate B. waterC. change D.visit答案为 B. irrigate( 灌溉) water(给 浇水)8. Heroverall language proficiency remains that of a toddler.A. disabled B.pupilC. teenager D. baby答案为 D. toddler( 学步的儿童 ) baby (婴儿)9. Thecoastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remainextremely cold.A. warm

5、B.severeC. hard D.dry答案为 A. mild( 温暖的 ) warm(温暖的 )10. Thedetails of the costume were totally authentic.A. real B. outstandingC. creative D. false答案为 A. authentic( 逼真的 ) real (逼真的 )11. Weare aware of the potential problems.A. global B. possibleC. ongoing D.central答案为 B. potential( 可能的 )- possible(可能的

6、 )12. Theidea was quite brilliant.A. positive B. cleverC. key D. original答案为 B. brilliant( 绝妙的 ) clever (聪明的 )13. Stockmarket price tumbled after rumor of a rise in interest rate.A. regulated B. increasedC. maintained D. fell答案为 C. tumbled( 暴跌) fell( 下降)14. Thecourse gives you basic instructions in

7、car maintenance.A. coaching B. ideaC. term D. aspect答案为 A. instructions ( 指导说明 ) coaching（教导）15. Allhouses within 100 metres of the seas at risk of flooding.A. in danger B. out of controlC. between equals D. in particular答案为 A indanger of （处于危险中） at risk of （处于风险中） 第 2 部分：阅读判断（第 16 22 题，每题 1 分，共 7 分

8、）下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A ；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B； 如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。The Theory of EverythingIf Stephen Hawking lives until the year2017, he will have lived more than 50 years longer than Ns doctors expected. When he was a college student, doctors discoveredthat he had arare di

9、sease. This disease causes a gradual disintegration( 分 解 )of the nerve cells in the braincells that regulate voluntary muscle activity. Death almost always occurswithin two or three years.Today Stephen Hawking cannot walk or speak.He cannot move his arms or his head. He can not taste of smell anythi

10、ng. Andyet this man is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University, a positionheld by the famous scientist Isaac Newton in 1669. Hawking Is often described as the greatestscientist since Albert Einstein, but to the worldoutside science. He isalso known as the man who made scientifictheoryunders

11、tandable. His book, A Brief History of Time, has sold overeight million copies.He says that since he does not have tothink about his body or do any of the things other men have to worry about,such as washing the car or working in the yard, he can dedicate all of his timeto thinking. This puts him in

12、 the perfect positionto find the answer to the question that he has dedicated his life to. Hisquestion is: Is there a complete theory of the universe and everything in it?Despite his tremendous physicaldisabilities,he has already made some veryimportant discoveries about theorigin of the universe, h

13、ow the universe holds together,and how it willprobably end. He hasalso been able to explain the secrets of“ bl holes ” inspace. Now he is looking for a set of rules that everything in ournuiversemust obey. He calls it the Theory of Everything. He thinks that someone willhave found theanswer within t

14、he next 20 years.If Stephen Hawking it able to find hisTheory of Everything, he will have given the world the opportunity tounderstand things that will change the whole nature of science and probablyalso the way we live.16. StephenHawking will be 50 years old by 2017.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

15、ed答案为 B;17. StephenHawking suffers from a rare brain disease.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案为 B;18. StephenHawking is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University.A.Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案为 A；19. A Brief History of Time is verydifficult for students to understand.A. Right B. Wrong

16、 C. Not mentioned答案为 B;20. StephenHawking has much time to think because he doesn t have toA. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案为 B;21. StephenHawking has spent around ten years explaining the secrets ofA. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned答案为： C.22. TheTheory of Everything Is about the rules that everyt

17、hing in our follow.A.Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案为 A。概括大意与完成句子Geothermal(地热) Energy1 Since heat naturally moves from hotter regionsto cooler ones, the heat from theearth s center flows outwards towards thesurface. In this way. it transfers to the next layer of rock. If thetemperature is high en

18、ough, some of this rock melts and forms magma (岩浆 ). The magma ascends in its turn towards theearthsusrface. It often remains wen below the earth s surface, creating vastareas of hot rock. In such regions,there are deep cracks, which allowrainwater to descend underground. Some of the heated rainwate

19、r travels back upto the earth susrface where it will appear as a hot spring. However, ifthis ascending hot water reaches a layer of impermeable (不可渗透的） rock, it remains trapped, forming a geothermal reservoir. If geothermal reservoirsare closeenough to the surface, they can be reached by drilling we

20、lls. Hot water andsteam shoot up the wells naturally, and can be used to produce electricity ingeothermal power plants.2 A few geothermal power plants depend ondry-steam reservoirs which produce steam but little or no water. In thesecases, the steam is piped up directly to provide the power to spin

21、a turbinegenerator. The first geothermal power plant, constructed at Lardarello inItaly, was of this type, and is still producing electricity today.3 Most currently operating geothermal powerplants ar e either “ flash ” steam plaorbinary( 双 重 的 )plants. Flash plants producemainlyhotwaterrangingin te

22、mperature from 300 to 700 Fahrenheit. This water is passed through one or twoseparatorswhere released fromthepressure oftheunderground reservoir, itHashes” or boils into steam Again, the force of this steam provides theenergy to spin the turbine and produce electricity. The geothermal water andsteam

23、 are then reinjecteddirectly back down into the earth to maintain the volumeand pressure of the reservoir. Gradually they will be reheated and can then beused again.4 A reservoir with temperatures below 300 Fahrenheit is not hot enough to flashseam but it can still be used togenerate electricity in

24、a binary fluid. The steam from this( 参照图片 ) isused to power the turbines. Asinthe flash steam plant, the geothermal water is recycled backinto the reservoir.23. Paragraph 1C 24. Paragraph 2A 25. Paragraph 3E 26. Paragraph 4B A. Dry steam plantsB. Binary plantsC. Origin of geothermal energyD. Generat

25、ion of electricityE. Flash steam plantsF. Recyclable water and steam27. A geothermal reservoir is formed when hotwater is trapped underB.28. A dry-steam reservoir produces steam withD.29. Flash plants produce hot water throughC.30. Ina binaryplant,theheat ofthe geothermalwater can beconverted intoA.

26、A. the energy to turn a turbineB. impermeable rockC. one or two separatorsD. turbine operatorE. little or no waterF. hot springs第 4 部分：阅读理解（第 31 45 题，每题 3 分，共 45 分）下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1 个选项。第一篇Smart WindowsWindows not only let light in to cut downon electricity use for lighting, but th

27、elight coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows are notsomething people typically associate with an advanced technology. Reseachersare now working on new technologies that enable a window to quicklychange fromclear to dark andanything in between easily.“ It took us a long time

28、to figure out whata window really is,” says He s a professor of solid- statephysics at Uppsala University in Sweden.“ It with the outside world.You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world tofeel well. ” So,windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel whent

29、hey re stuck indoorsYet. windowsare the weak linkinabuildingwhen itcomes to energy andtemperature control. In winter cold airleaks in. When it s hot and sunny, sunlight streams in. All of this sunlightcarries lots of heat and energy. And all of this extra heatforces people toturn on their conditione

30、rs. Producing blasts of cold air, which can feel so refreshing(使人清新的 )， actually sucks up enormous amountsof electricityin buildings around the world.Windows have been a major focus of energyresearch for a long time. Over the years, scientists have come up with a varietyof strategies for coating, gl

31、azing ( 用玻覆盖)，and layeringwindows to make them more energy efficient. Smart windows go astep further.They use chromogenic ( 发色的） technologies which involve changes of color.Electrochromic ( 电致色的）windows use electricity tochange color. For example, a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of chemical

32、compound such as tungsten oxide (氧化 钨 )works a bit like a batter. Tungsten oxides is clear when anelectric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed, that is, whenthe amount of voltage(电压 )is decreased, the window darkens until it s completely dark afterall electricity is taken away. So

33、applying a voltage determines whether thewindow looks clear or dark.One important feature that makes a smartwindow so smart is that it has a sortof “ memory” . All it takes is a small changeof voltage to turn the window from one state to the other. Then, it stays thatway. Transits take anywhere from

34、 in10 seconds to a few minutes, depending onthe size of the window. The development of smart windows could mean thatmassive air conditioningsystems may no longer be needed. “ Inthefuture,” Granqvist says,“ our buildings may look different.”31. Which of the following of values ofwindows is NOT mentio

35、ned?A. Theylet light in to brighten the house.B. Theylet light in to heat the house.C. Theylet us have visual contact with the surrounding world.D. They let us think about the outside world.答案： D32. The expression“ when it comes to“ inParagraph 3 is used toA. signalthe arrival of a guest.B. indicate

36、the recovery of consciousness.C. show our understanding of something.D. introduce a new aspect of a topic.答案： D33. According to Paragraph 4, smart windowsare the windows thatA. are coated.B. are glazed.C. have several layers.D. can change color.答案： D34. Whichparagraph gives an account of the way ele

37、ctrochromic windowsA. Paragraphs 5.B. Paragraph3.C. Paragraph4.D. Paragraphs6.答案： A35. Asmart window is smart mainly becauseA. itcan change its size.B. itcan change its structure.C. itcan change the voltage of electricity.D. it has a sort of memory.答案： D第二篇Sports Star Yao MingIf YaoMing is not the b

38、iggest sports star in the world, he almost certainly thetallest. At 2.26m, he is the tallest player in the National BasketballAssociation (NBA)andholds the record as the most towering Olympian ever to competein the Game.But whatreally stands out about the giant center is his celebrity ( 名气 ). Few, i

39、f any, Chinese athletesare as well-known as Yao Ming around the world. People across the globe arefascinated with Yao, not only for his basketball prowess(接杰出的才能 )but also for being a symbolof international commerce.When Yaojoined the Houston Rockets as the No. 1 pick in the 2002 NBA draft he was th

40、efirst international player ever to be selected first. His assetson the courtare clear enough 一 no NBA playerof his size has ever possessed his mobility, so he is ahandful ( 难对付的人） for opponents on either end ofthe court. But what makes Yaoinvaluable to the Rockets organization is hisrole as a globa

41、l citizen and as a bridge to millions of potential basketballfans in China.When itwas announced in February that Yao would miss the rest of the NBA season andpossibly the Olympicswitha stress fracture (骨折） in his left foot, a collective shudder spread across China. Afterconsiderable debate and discu

42、ssion, Yao opted to get his foot surgicallytreated in an operation that placed several tiny screws across the bone, tooffer his overburdened footmore support. The surgery was a success, and thoughthe estimated four-month recovery period will leave him little time to preparewith Team China. Yao has v

43、owed to be ready for the Beijing Olympics.Yaowrapped up a 10-day trip to China, where he underwent a series of traditionalChinese medicine (TCM) treatments, hoping to accelerate his recovery process.Western experts are generally skeptical of TCM s benefits, although newresearch from the University o

44、f Rochester suggests that a certain compoundderived from shellfish may indeed stimulate bone repair.“ Thereis no reason to dismiss TCM,“ Yao told a press conference inBeijingsbeen used in our country for thousands of years. I don t think that it s shorton science.”36. Theword“ towering” in Paragraph

45、 1 meansA. large.B. fat.C. tall.D. great.答案： C37. Opponentsfind it very difficult to control Yao Ming because of hisA. mobility.B. assault.C. defense.D. celebrity.答案： A38. YaoMing had to undergo a series of TCM treatments becauseA. hisright foot had been hurting.B. he wanted to make a more rapid rec

46、overy.C. thesurgical operation had been a failure.D. hecouldn t afford all the medical expenses.答案： B39. Whichstatement about Yao Ming is NOT true?A. He missed the Athens Olympics.B. Heis an NBA player.C. Hefractured his left foot.D. Heis an international figure.答案： A40. Ingeneral, the Western exper

47、ts attitude towards TCM isA. indifferent.B. positive.C. negative.D. doubtful. 答案： D 第三篇Can You Hear This?When something creates a sound wave in a room or anauditorium, listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They alsohearthe reflections as the sound bounces offthewalls. floor,and cei

48、ling.These are called the reflected wave or reverberant(反射 )sound, which can be heard evenafter the sound is no longer comingfrom the source.The reverberation time of an auditorium isdetermined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium. It is alsodetermined by how well or how poorly the walls

49、, ceiling, floor, and contents ofthe room (including the people) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time,because each use of an auditoriumcalls fordifferent reverberation. Speechneeds to be understood clearly; therefore rooms used for talking must have ashort reverberation time. The full-

50、soundperformance of music such ad Wagneroperas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time. The light,rapidmusicalpassages ofBachorMozartneedareverberationtime somewherebetween.Acoustic problems often are caused by poorauditorium design. Smooth, curved reflecting surfaces create large

51、 reflections.Parallel ( 平 行 的 ） wallsreflect sound back and forth, creating a rapid, repetitive pulsing effect.Large pillars (柱 ） and comerscan cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object.Some of theseproblems can be solved by using absorbers and reflectors tochange the r

52、everberation timeofa room. Forexample, hanging large reflectors,calledclouds,over the performers will allow some sound frequencies to reflectand others to pass to achieve a pleasing mixture of sound.41 This passage is mainly aboutA. Sound waves and their effects.B. the types of music orchestras play

53、.C. walls of an auditorium.D. the design of an auditorium.答案： D42. Wagner operas and Mahler symphonieswith full-sound effect haveA. a short reverberation time.B. an intermediate reverberation time.C. no reverberation time.D. along reverberation time.答案： D43. This passage suggests that a goodauditori

54、um shouldA. get rid of all reflections.B. not have absorbers.C. achieve a pleasing mixture of soundD. have smooth surfaces.答案： C44. Large pillars and corners mayA. make sound rich and full.B. be cures for sound problems.C. be sources of sound problems.D. function as effectively as clouds.答案： C45. Th

55、e word” acoustic” in thelast paragraph has something to do withA. performance B.soundC. audienceD. weather 答案： B 补全短文What Is a Dream?For centuries, people have wondered about thestrange things that they dream about.Some psychologists say that thisnighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning

56、. Others，however， think that dreams are an importantpart of our lives. In fact, manyexperts believe that dreams can tell us abouta person s mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought thatdreams contained messages from God.E(46)The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud1，was probably the first person tostudydreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freudwrote