初中英语语法讲义设计-专题讲练：第7讲：形容词(含练习+答案)全国通用

1、Step 2Warming-up课题名称初中英语语法讲义-专题讲练：第7讲：形容词教学目标知识点：形容词、形容词的比较等级及特殊用法考点：形容词比较级；特殊用法能力：提升知识综合运用能力，提高效率（重难点）方法：讲练结合Step 1 Homework Checking课后练习讲评；?词汇听写：得分?知识点回顾：用正确的介词填空。1. The bed and the pillows my new bedroom are the presents my parents.2. We often have hamburgers lunch.3. I help my mother the housewo

2、rk.4. Let's put the bed the wall.5. I'd like a plate rice, please.6. They work 8:00 16:00.7. We are going tostay here six months.8. Ben looks his father.9. His mother is worried him.10. Xiao Ling was born March 25th, 1991.11. Do they usually have a rest noon?12. Would you like to go the Pear

3、l River Cruise?13. Mother's Day is always May.14. Can you help me look the baby for 10 minutes?15. They are leaving London tomorrow.answers: 1. in, from 2. for 3. with 4. against 5. of 6. from, to 7. for 8. like9. about 10. on 11. at 12. on 13. in 14. after 15. for? Spoken English TrainingLesson

4、 1(c)1. Ask me if that is his car.2. Tell me - Yes, it is.3. Ask me if it is a new car.4. Tell me - No, it is an old car.5. Ask me if cars are expensive in Taiwan.6. Tell me - Yes, they are expensive.7. Ask me if refrigerators and TV sets are also expensive in Taiwan.8. Tell me .No, they are cheap.9

5、. Now, ask me if that young lady is Jane.10. Tell me -No, she is your daughter.11. Tell me she is beautiful.12. Tell me your wife is also beautiful.13. Tell me I am a lucky man.14. Tell me -Yes, you are always lucky.15. Ask me if I am tired.16. Tell me - Yes, you are.17. Tell me you are also tired.S

6、tep 3 Phonetic Symbols英语国际标准音标练习12个前元音（4个）i：ie? ,、*后元音（5个）a:?:?u:u兀首（20 个）中元音（3个）?:?双自合口双元音（5个）ei?uaiau?i8个集中双元音（3个）i ?u?辅音（28 个）清辅 音（11个）ptkfs8因t?trtsh浊辅 音（17个）bdgvzeP ?d?drdzlmn?jwr/p/pi:/ /pai/t?p/k?p/pi:pl/b/bi:/ /bai/bai/bl?k/beP/t/let/s?t/fi:t/ti:m/taid/d/ /led/ /s?d/ /fi:d/ /du:/ /di?/praid/k

7、/ /l?k/ /teik/ /kl?k/ /kla:s/ /Wi:kend/ /g/ /big/ /l?g/ /gla:s/ /g?m/ /gud/ /gest/语音基础小练习在下列各题的四个选项中选出一个划线部分读音不同的选项()1. A. river B. little C. like D. listen()2. A. cheapB. teaC. breadD. easy()3 A. foodB. moonC.cookD soon()4. A. threeB. thisC.thinkD. fifth()5. A. loveB. coldC.onionD. comeanswers: 15

8、CCCBBStep 4 Language Learning专题七：形容词一.形容词的用法和位置（一）形容词的概念：说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词。（二）形容词的用法：1 .作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后The nice girl is my sister.这个漂亮的女孩是我的妹妹。I have something important to tell you.我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。2 .作表语，放在系动词之后 He looks happy.他看起来很高兴。3 .作宾补，放在宾语之后，常与 make, leave, keep等动词连用You must kee

9、p your eyes closed.你必须一直闭着眼睛。4 .作主语或宾语（少数形容词可与定冠词the连用，变成名词化的形容词，表示一类人。常见词有:good/bad, rich/poor, young/old, deaf, blind, black/white, living/dead 等。）The young usually learn things more quickly than the old.年轻人学东西通常比老年人快。注意： 1.当多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时，一般应遵循以下顺序：限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词物主代词、名词所有格、数词)+表示观点的描绘性形容词+表示大小、长

10、短、高低及形状的形容词+年龄、新、旧的形容词+国籍、地区、出处的形容词+形成中心名词的表示材料的形容词。如：a fine old stone bridge 一座古老的漂亮的石桥two round blue dinner plates 两个圆形的蓝色餐盘two big round new Chinese wooden tables 两张新的中国式的木制桌子This is the first beautiful little white Chinese stone bridge.这是第一座美丽的白色的中国小石桥。【巧学妙用】概括为七个字：限、描、形、年、色、国、材。2 .表示长、宽、高、深或年龄的

11、形容词位于名词之后。如：It is over six hundred kilometers long.它有六百多公里长。She is 12 years old.她 12 岁了。3 .一些特殊形容词某些形容词说明事物间的关系、方位、时间、用途等，不能用程度副词来修饰，也没有比较级的变化， 如 the same, different, southern, northern, Chinese, Japanese等。My answer is different from yours.我的回答跟你的不一样。4 .有一些表示情感的表语形容词后可接动词不定式Be+glad/happy/pleased/sor

12、ry/sad/sure/kind/ready/afraid/able/easy/difficult+to do sth5 .常见名词变形容词的方法( 1 )表示天气的名词：- y 充满.的，多 .的：cloud-cloudy; sun-sunny; wind-windy(2)表示方位的名词：- ern 方位的，朝 方的： west-western; east-eastern(3)表示称谓的名词：- ly 般的：friend-friendly; mother-motherly(4)表示时间的名词：- ly 每 的： week-weekly; day-daily(5)表示物质的名词：- en 制成

13、的： wood-wooden; goldgolden(6)表示情感的名词：-ful,-y,- less 的，无 的：care-careful; use-useful; luck-lucky; noise-noisy;hope-hopeless; care-careless(7)表示大洲与国家的名词：- n 的， 的人： Asia-Asian; America-American二形容词原级的用法1 . 说明人或事物自身的性质、特征或状态时用形容词原级。The flowers in the garden are beautiful. 花园的花儿真漂亮。2 .有表示程度的副词very, so, to

14、o, enough, quite 等修饰时用形容词原级。The boy is too young.这个男孩太小了。3 .表示 A 与 B 在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。肯定句中的结构：A+as+形容词原级+as+B。English is as interesting as Chinese. 英语和语文一样有趣。否定句中的结构：A+not +as/so+形容词原级+as +B。I am not so careful as Lucy.我不如露西仔细。表示“A是B的倍”时，用“A+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B'结构。Our school is three times as bi

15、g as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的3 倍大。"half as球容词原级+as”表示"是的一半”。Her room is half as big as yours.她的房间是你的房间的一半大。三.形容词比较等级的构成：原级、比较级和最高级（一）规则变化和不规则变化构成的方法比较级与最高级的构成long longer longest later later latest easy easier easiest big bigger biggest hot hotter hottestcareful more careful most careful1 . 规则变化：单

16、音节词和少数双音节词一般直接加-er/-est以不发音字母e结尾的，加-r, -st以辅音字母加y 结尾的，把y 变 i, 再加 -er,-est以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写该辅音字母，再加-er, -est多音节词和部分双音节词在原级前加more, most2 .不规则变化：口诀：合二为一共三对，“坏 ”“ 病 ”“ 两多 ”和 “两好 ”。一分为二有两个，一是“远 ”来二是 “老 ”，还有一词含双义，只记“少 ”来不记 “小 ”。（解释： 合二为一即两个相同的比较级和最高级，他们共有三对即bad/ill; many/much; good/well; 一分为二即一个词有两个

17、比较级和最高级，它们共有两个，即 far和old;一词双义是指little,有少”用， 比较级为less最高级为least作小”用时，没有比较级和最高级。三对 bad/ill worse worst many/much more most good/well better best两个 farfarther（较远）/further（进一步）-farthest（最远）/furthest（最大程度）old older（年纪较大的）/elder（较年长的）一oldest （年纪最大的）/eldest （最年长的）双义一个little（ 少 ） less least, little（ 小 ），没有比较

18、级和最高级。（二）形容词比较级和最高级的主要结构形容词比较级（两者比较）1 .主语+be+比较级+than+另一主语The box is heavier than that one. 这个箱子比那个更重。2 .主语+be+比较级+than any other+名词单数He is taller than any other boy in his class. 他比他们班任何一个男生都要高。3 .主语+be+比较级+than the other+名词复数 He is taller than the other boys in his class. 他比他们班其余男生都要高。4 .Who/Which

19、+be+比较级，A or B?表示两者之间进行选择哪一个更 ”Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao? 谁更高，李明还是王涛？5 .主语+be +the+比较级+of the two 表示 两者之间最 的一个” Mary is the taller of the twins. 玛丽是双胞胎中较高的。6 .表示 越来越”时，用比较级重叠结构，即 比较级+and+比较级”，多音节词和部分双音节词用“moreand more+形容词原级”。It ' s getting warmer and warmer in spri碱天天气变得越来越暖和。Our hometo

20、wn is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的家乡正变得越来越漂亮。7 .表示 越一，越”时，用“the比较级，the+比较级”结构。 The more we get together, the happier we 聚会越多，我们越高兴。 ll be.8 . 有表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any 等修饰时，用形容词比较级。I feel even worse now. 现在我甚至感觉更糟糕了。It is much colder today th

21、an before. 今天比以前冷多了。形容词的最高级（三者或三者以上的比较）1 .主语+be +the+最高级+of+人/物/数字；主语+be +the+最高级+in+地方He is the tallest of the three boys. 他是三个男孩中最高的。Taiwan is the biggest island in China. 台湾是中国最大的岛屿。2 .表示 最的之一"时，用 主语+be +one of +the+最高级+of+名词复数”结构。Zhou jielun is one of the most popular singers. 周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌星之一

22、。3 .表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用 "Who/Which is+ the+最高级，A,B or C?结构。 Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? 哪个城市最漂亮，北京、上海还是福州？易错点清单一辨析几组形容词1.interesting 和 interestedinteresting 表示事物本身是“有趣的，令人感兴趣的”。作表语时，多用于sth.be interesting 句型，主语通常是物；作定语时，既可修饰人，也可修饰物。interested常表示某人对某物感兴趣”，多用于

23、be interested in sth.句型，主语通常是人。如：I have an interesting book. 我有一本有趣的书。He is interested in the book. 他对这本书感兴趣。常见类似的-ing 形容词和-ed 形容词还有：1) surprising 令人惊讶的；surprised 感到惊讶的2) exciting 令人兴奋的；excited 感到兴奋的3) ) pleasing令人愉快的；pleased感到愉快、满意的4) frightening 令人恐惧的；frightened 感到恐惧的5) moving 令人感动的；moved 受感动的6) t

24、iring 使人疲倦的；tired 感到疲倦的7) fascinating 迷人的；fascinated 着迷的2.ill 和 sick两个词都可以表示“病的， 生病的 ”意思， 都可以作表语，但作定语时只用sick 而不能用ill(ill 作定语时，意为 “坏的 ”，而不是“病的 ”) 。如：The sick man is his father. 那位病人是他父亲。She has been ill for three weeks. 她已经病了三个星期。3 .farther 和 furtherfarther 和 further 都是 far 的比较级。其用法区别是：在谈论地点、方向或距离时，f

25、arther 和 further 可以互换，但further 还有 “更多，进一步，稍后，额外”等含义，这时不能与farther 互换使用。The problem must be further discussed next time. 这个问题下一次必须进一步讨论。We must get further information. 我们必须获取更多的信息。4 .older 和 elderolder 和 elder 都是 old 的比较级。Older 常用于表比较的句型中，意为“较老的，较旧的，年纪较大的”；elder 只用于比较一家人的年龄长幼，意为 “年长的 ”。 Elder 除指家庭成员外

26、，也可以指其他人，意思是 “资格老的 ”。Your bike is older than mine. 你的自行车比我的旧。He is older than you. 他比你年龄大。He is my elder brother. 他是我哥哥。He is an elder teacher.他是个资格老的老师。5 .alone 和 lonelyalone 强调独自一人，常用作表语，作定语时置于名词后。另外，alone 也可用作副词，意思是“单独地，孤单地 ”，而 lonely 一般不作副词用。Lonely 作表语时，表示寂寞，含有强烈的感情色彩；作定语时含有 “荒凉 ”之意。He lives alo

27、ne, but he didn ' t feel loney个人住，但是他并不寂寞。The man lived in a lonely island. 那个男人住在一个孤岛上。6 .alive 和 livelyalive 是表语形容词，既可指人，也可指物，与living 可互换。lively 侧重指 “活泼的， 活跃的 ”， 与 “死板 ”对应。Was the snake alive or dead定条蛇是死了还是活着？That ' s a lively bat#是一个活泼的婴儿。7 .else 和 otherelse 常与 what, who, how, where, whe

28、n 等特殊疑问句和不定代词、副词如： somebody, anything, somewhere等连用，并放在它们后边；other 常用来修饰名词，放在名词前边。如：What else did you see?=What other things did you see? 你还看见别的什么东西了？Do you have anything else to say?你还有别的事情要说吗？二在同一范围内比较时，必须把主体排除在被比较的范围之外China is larger than any other country in Asia.中国比亚洲其他任何一个国家都大。（在同一范围内，只能和其他对象进行

29、比较）China is larger than any country in Africa.中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。（在不同范围内，可以和其中任意一个对象进行比较）三以 -ly 结尾的形容词和副词许多形容词加-ly 可以构成副词，但有些以-ly 结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词。friendly 友好的；lonely 孤独的lovely 可爱的；likely 可能的，有希望的daily 日常的；lively 有生气的四只能作表语和只能作定语的形容词只作表语的形容词有：afraid, alone, asleep, awake, alive, well（健康的），ill （有病的），fright

30、ened （害怕的） 等。 只作定语的形容词有:only, little（ 小的）， wooden, woolen, elder 以及一些复合形容词（如 man-made,take-away, kind-hearted ）。如： He is well. 他很好。He is a little boy. 他是个小男孩。She was a kind-hearted woman.她是位心地善良的妇女。五形容词作后置定语的情况（ 1）形容词修饰复合不定代词（如something, anybody, everyone 等）时要后置。The teacher has something important t

31、o tell us. 老师有重要事情要告诉我们。（2） else只能作后置定语，修饰不定代词 somebody, nothing, anyone等以及疑问代词 what, who, whom, whose。Did anyone else want me? 有别的人找我吗？（ 3）形容词有数词修饰时，形容词要置于其后。There is a tree about 35 feet tall in our village. 我们村有一棵大约35 英尺高的树。（ 4）形容词短语作定语，或由and/or 连接的两个形容词作定语，一般后置。We didn ' t find the basket fu

32、ll of apple我们找不到那个装满苹果的篮子了。Power stations, large and have been set up all over the country. 在全国各地建立了大大小小的发电站。（ 5） enough 作形容词修饰名词时，可前可后；但enough 用作副词，修饰形容词或副词时必须后置。We don t have money eonugh/enough money to buy the Mp4 player. 我们没有足够的钱买那个MP4。He can run fast enough to catch the thief. 他能跑得足够快抓住小偷。【真题演

33、练】1. Tokyo is noisy. But Wellington is q.2. Today I am f. But yesterday I was busy.3. We worked all day yesterday. We were very t.4. The book is. My sister is in reading it.A. interested, interesting B. interesting, interesting C. interesting, interested5. Lucy is the of the three.A. tallB. tallerC.

34、 tallest6. The ball is 200 yuan. It is e.7. Beijing is a b city.8. The box is h. I can ' t carry it.9. Yesterday ' s meetingnwasnteresting .A. importantB. excitingC. boring10. Jack is a top student.A. badB. bestC. tall11. The box is very l. You can carry it easily .12. Annie has a 网的)face.13

35、. The movie star is very f. Many people know him.answers: 1. quiet 2. free 3. tired 4. C 5. C 6. expensive 7. big / beautiful8. heavy 9. C10. B 11. light 12. round 13. famous【课堂练习】精点精练一、写出下列各词的比较级和最高级。1 .busy 2.long 3.short 4.old 5.small 6.big 二、单项选择。()1. -Which is season in Guangzhou? -1 think it&#

36、39;s autumnA. good B. better C. bestD. the best()2. The second-hand camera is much thanthat new one.B. cheap B. cheaper C. dearD. dearest()3. An elephant is than a tiger.A. heavyC. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavier() 4. "Which animal do you like ?" "I like all kinds of animals.A.

37、better B. bestC. very D. well() 5. -The TV programme (节目) is boring. Shall we play chess instead?-All right. That is than watching a boring TV programme.A. very good B. much good C. very better D. much better() 6. The river to the sea. It is in the country.A. runs, the longestB. runs, a longerD. is

38、run, the longestD. run, a longest() 7. -Which is your favorite vegetable?-vegetables, I like cabbage .A. Of, better B. Of all the, best C. With, better D. With, best() 8. Mary has three brothers. Smith is of the three.A. most tallB. the tallestC. tallerD. tallest() 9. Which do you like , tea or juic

39、e?A. wellB. goodC. betterD. best() 10. The Thames is the river in London. (2011大联盟)A. famous B. most famous C. more famous D. famousest() 11. Is Christmas festival in western countries?A. the most popular B. most popularC. most popularest D. the popularest() 12. I m the VCD is very.A. surprising; in

40、terestingB. surprising; interestedC. surprised; interestingD. surprised; interested() 13. I like the in the garden.A. yellow small flowers B. flowers small yellowC. small yellow flowers D. flowers yellow small() 14. She looks than her elder sister.A. more older B. much old C. even older D. even old(

41、) 15. -How was your trip last Sunday?-Great! But it was much than in the city because we were in the mountains.二、完成句子。1 .她看起来不如玛丽年轻。She doesn't look Mary.2 .杰克的父亲比母亲大一岁。Jack's father is than her mother.3 .我们的教室比他们的明亮得多。Our classroom is than theirs.4 .当心！这条路越来越危险。Look out! The road is becomin

42、g and.5 .你喜欢哪种动物，猫还是狗？Which animal do you like, a cat or a dog?6 .有些东西并不像我们想的那么容易，它们很难。（华师附中）Some things are not as as we think. They ' re.7 .本摘了最多的橙子。（09番禺华附）Ben picked up.8 . Jack的妈妈很担心他的学习。（11省实）Jack ' s mum very his study.answers:一、1. busier, busiest 2. longer, longest3. shorter, shortes

43、t9 . older, oldest5. smaller, smallest 6. bigger, biggest二、15 DBDBD 610 ABBCB 1115 ACCCA三、1. as young as 2. one year older 3. much brighter 4. more, more dangerous 5. better6. easy, difficult 7. the most oranges 8. is, worried aboutHomework:温习本堂课所学知识；词汇短语听写模拟题练习：一、选出划线部分单词读音与其他三个不同的单词。（5分）、判断下列单词画线部

44、分的发音是否相同,如相同写T,否写F。（5分）1.()A. bikeB. cityC. timeD.sjde2.()A. theseB. thereC. threeD.that3.()A. putB. brotherC. nothingD.hungry4.()A. seeB. meetC. greenD.eraser5.()A. followB. borrowC. knowD.brown6.()A. foodB. cookC. footD.book7.()A. hereB. nearC. carefulD.idea8.()A. nameB. gradeC. haveD.plane9.()A. sitsB. cooksC. helpsD.stands10.()A. greatB. breadC. sweaterD.breakf