中英节日文化差异

1、JianghanUniversity毕业论文（设计）论文题目（英文）TheFestivalCulturalDifferencesbetweenChinaandBritian（中文）中英节日文化差异学院外国语学院专业商务英语姓名肖珍珍学号 200814101126指导教师李老师2010 年 6 月 8 日OutlineThesis:ThroughthecomparisonbetweenChineseandBritishfestivalanddiscussionofethnicknowledge,datingbacktothehistoryandorigion,ethniclanguagelear

2、nerscanstrengthentheirtheabilityofcommunicationandunderstandingBritishculture.I.IntroductionII. TheoriginsandformsoftheBritishandChinesefestivals.A. theoriginofChinesetraditionalfestivalsB. theoriginofBritishtraditionalfestivalIII. ThedifferentcelebrationformsbetweenChineseandBritishfestivals.A. The

3、approachestocelebrateChinesefestivals1.SpringFestivalandNewear2. .ZhongYuanJieandHalloween3. DragonBoatFestival4. TheMid-Autumnfestival5. ThewintersolsticefestivalB. TheapproachestocelebrateBritishfestivals1. Carnival2. Easter3. Christmas4. ThanksgivingDayIV.TheotherspecificdifferencesincelebrationA

4、.ThecomparisoninfoodanddrinkingduringfestivalsbetweenthemB.ThedifferenttablemannersbetweenthemC. Thedifferencesbetweentheclothingtonalduringfestivals.V.ConclusionAbstractTheoriginofBritishfestivalcelebrationsandculturalperspectives,andacomparativestudytoexplorethehumancultureattributeandrules,reveal

5、thecultureandhumanrelations.ChineseandBritishfestivalandcustomshaveobviousdifference.Chinesefestivalmainlyisfortheirageandthrottleluckyandhappyholidaycustomtoeat,andthemainreasonisthepursuitoflifeinChinese,forthepurposeoflongevityandhealth,andthroughthediettorealize,Britishfestivalmainlycomesfromrel

6、igionandrelatedevents,memoryandgodblesstheholidaycustomtoplayasthetheme,themainreasonisthepursuitoflifeinthewest,andforthepurposeofhealthyandhappybyreligiousandentertainmentactivities.Differentethnictraditionalfestivals,andthedifferenceofnationalorbyhavingthesamecultureofmanypeoplesurviveformofcultu

7、resystemandwayoflifeiscloselyrelatedtothedifference.内容提要从中西方节日文化的起源以及庆祝方式等视角来进行对比研究，进而发掘人类文化的属性和规则，揭示文化和人类之间的关系。通过比较中西方节日差异,讨论认识西方各民族的历史与文化，有助于语言学习者与西方各民族加强沟通与了解。中国和西方国家的节日及其习俗有着比较明显的差异。中国的节日主要源于岁时节气、祈求自身吉祥幸福，节日习俗以吃喝为主题，其原因主要是中国人对生命的追求以健康长寿为目的，并通过饮食来实现；西方的节日主要源于宗教及相关事件，缅怀上帝、求其保佑，节日习俗以玩乐为主题，其原因主要是西方人

8、对生命的追求以健康快乐为目的，并通过宗教和娱乐活动来实现。不同的民族传统节庆之差异，都与该民族或由具有相同文化特质的诸多民族所构成的文化体系的生存形态和生活方式的差异密切相关。关键词传统节日；中西文化；差异；中西文化；节日文化；春节；圣诞节I. Introduction:Traditionalethnicfestivalsformationisanationalhistoricalandculturallong-termaccumulation.Theoriginofthefestivalforthelifeofpeopleandarecloselylinked,itreflectsthepe

9、oplesemotionworld,thepeoplesloveoflife.Thereisafamous:eachnationalholiday,isthateachnationalcultureisthemostrealistic.Visible,wanttounderstandthecultureofanationmustbefromthem,thetraditionalfestivalsII. TheoriginsandformsoftheBritishandChinesefestivals.ChineseandBritishfestivalandcustomshaveobviousd

10、ifference.Chinesefestivalmainlyfortheirageandthrottleluckyandhappyholidaycustomtoeat,forthetheme,themainreasonisthepursuitoflifeinChinese,forthepurposeoflongevityandhealth,andthroughthediettorealize,Britishfestivalmainlycomesfromreligionandrelatedevents,memory,andgodblesstheholidaycustomtoplayasthet

11、heme,themainreasonisthepursuitoflifeinthewest,andforthepurposeofhealthyandhappybyreligiousandentertainmentactivities.Differentethnictraditionalfestivals,andthedifferenceofnationalorbyhavingthesamecultureofmanypeoplesurviveformofculturesystemandwayoflifeiscloselyrelatedtothedifference.Traditionalethn

12、icfestivalisacomplexsocialculturalphenomenon,andcontainsanationalhistoricalformationandprecipitationofpersonality,psychological,beliefs,ideas,waysofthinking,moralsentiment,aestheticandculturalconnotationofthedeepstructureofthevalueorientationofnationalspirit,isinaparticularsocietyonthesoiloflong-ter

13、mresultsandimportantcarrier,isanationalsurvivalform,themostprominentfeatureoftheshow.Itiscloselyassociatedwiththeactivitiesofproductionandunderstandingpeopleandsocialhistoricaldevelopmentactivitiesandproduce,evolutionandtransformation,andcontrolledbypeopleofdifferentmateriallifeanddifferenthistoryof

14、ideology,butalsoindifferentlevelsinthepeoplesphysicalandroleinthedevelopmentofculture.Holidayisoneyearendowedwithspecialsocialandculturalsignificanceandadayofdailylifeofrichpeople,isashowcaseofregional,national,andthecountryspolitical,economic,cultural,religiousandothersummaryandextension.Festivalis

15、inthefestivalcustom,oftenappearbecauseofholidaysystemanddeepernaturalandsocialenvironmentvaries.Investigateitsreason,ismainlycomposedofpeoplesideasandvalues.Customdifferencesasanimportantpartofculturaldifferencesaffectpeoplewithmoredirectspecificrole.ThroughthecomparisonofthedifferencesbetweenChines

16、efestivalcustom,thispaperanalysesthecharacteristicsofitsown,tohelpusmoreobjectivelyunderstandingofChineseculture,moreprofoundunderstandingcomprehensively,wehavepositivesignificanceinforeignculture,thusimprovinginterculturalcommunicationcompetence.A. theoriginofChinesetraditionalfestivalsChinaisananc

17、ientcivilizedcountryOrient.Itslonghistoryandtraditionfortraditionalfestivalsgrewprovidedfertilesoil.Asagreatagriculturalcountry,Chinesecultureisdeeplyrootedinagriculture.Therefore,theagriculturalactivitiesmakeholidayhaslocalcolormore.SpringFestivalandsomeagriculturalactivities,suchasplanting,harvest

18、,closelyrelated.AsthemostimportantholidayinChina,SpringFestivalsoriginscanbetracedbacktothousandsofyearsevolvingseriesofcolorfullegendsandtraditions.Chinahaslonginthefeudalself-sufficientnaturaleconomyandagriculturalsociety,thetraditionalfestivalhasastrongcolorofagriculture,farmingcivilizationofsoci

19、alcharacteristics,mainlyfromtheoldtimetoconvert.InancientChina,forthelong-termbyagricultureinproductivityandagriculturaltechnologydevelopedcircumstances,attachesgreatimportancetotheinfluenceofclimateoncrops.Insummer,autumninjected,DongCang,duringtheprocessofunderstandingthenatureofcomplexsequence,su

20、mmarizefournights,24,hasformedbythetraditionalfestivalholiday.HardworkingChinesepeopletolivebetter,wemustmakegreateffortstodevelopagricultureandagriculturaldevelopmentfromtheweather.Theancientscloudspring,ifyouclearoil,abusywheatfieldguyu.Inancienttimes,theSpringFestival,theqingmingfestival(ancients

21、aysmarchistheimportantones.Chinesetraditionalfestivals,feudalsocietyperiodandsurvived,theinevitablewiththefeudal:hierarchyandenclosed,family-based,eachwithfamily,familyholidayallinternalactivitycenter.Holiday,youngman,householdmustworshipforthereuniondinner,familyandfamilyaltogethercelebratestheholi

22、day.EventheNewYear,SpringFestivalisalsorightnesseachotherinbetweenrelatives.Eventheoutdoorpeople,alsoisayanggedanceperformancepropertiesofactivity,nonationalnatureofthecarnival.Inaddition,theChinesefestivalisanothersignificantcharacteristicofChinesefoodcultureembodiesthecustom.Everyonehasthedifferen

23、tcharacteristicfestivalfoodrequirements,withdifferentfromotherfestival.Liketoeatdumplings,yuanxiao,zongzi,mooncake,etc.ChinaembodiestheChinesefestivalofvirtueandfashion,agedrespected,xufamily,isafinetraditionofournation,shouldcarryon,sopeoplehaveclungtotheChinesefestivalcustom,goodatmosphere.Evenlik

24、ethed,aynorwhowanttoabandonChinesefestival.B. theoriginofBritishtraditionalfestivalInBritishcountries,religionisasocialandculturalcenter.Meanwhile,throughhumanforgodorreligiousbeliefsofthespiritoftheircontrol.Itisnoexaggerationtosay,religiousexistsinallwalksoflife.Therefore,thefestivaliscloselyrelat

25、edwiththeChristianChristmas,Easter,exceptwithreligion.Britishculturebytheinfluenceduetolong,thetraditionalChristianfestivalswithstrongreligiousorigins,suchasvalentinesday(memorialnamedWattsofChristianmartyrs(Easter),commemoratestheresurrection),Halloween(allsaints),churchmemorialcommemoratesthebirth

26、ofJesus(Christmas),theoriginofthesefestivalsaremostlywithreligion.Ofcourse,theBritishfestivalisonholidayandagriculturebasedonagriculture,buttheyarenotthehistoryofChinaslongholidayBritishfestivalsaremoreshowpeoplesparticipationandinteractivity,alltheemotions,warmrevelersvent,self-centered,advocatespe

27、rsonalityThanksgivingandChristmasandvalentinesday.Sohere.ThissectionofChinaandsealing,familialcontrary.Butthese,itreflectstheneedsofsocialdevelopmentandsocialadvancementinevitable,reflectedthesocialgroup,allhumancommonparticipation,adapttothemodernsocietypeopleeagertocommunicatewitheachotherandtoget

28、heringroups,andemotionaloutburst.Itbrokethefeudalclosedform,nosubordinate,oldandyoung,betweenthegradereflectsequalityandfreedomtoexpressthemselves.Butintheaspectsofnoteat,thestrictrequest,whatdaydoesnoteatatdifferent.111.ThedifferentcelebrationformsbetweenChineseandBritishfestivals.Chinesetraditiona

29、lfestivals,basicisformedduringtheperiodoffeudalsociety,inevitablyleavetracesofthefeudalsociety,thefamily,thefestival,hierarchyinallactivitieswithinthefamily.TheBritishtraditionfestivalwillbedifferent,morepeopleareshowingtheinteractivity,collectiveandrevelry,self-centered,advocatespersonality.TheChin

30、esefestivalswithfamilialcontrary,reflectedtheBritishculturegroup,reflectspeopleeagertocommunicatewitheachother,theparticipationgroup,everyoneisequal,embodiesthecharacteristicsoffreedomtoexpressthemselves.A.TheapproachestocelebrateChinesefestivalsSpringFestivalineveryChineseandoverseasChineseeyes,ist

31、hemostimportantfestivals.Itscelebrationactivitiesarerichandsolemn.Lin,afamousChinesescholar,ofSpringFestival,haddoneagooddescription,ancientChineselunarNewYear,Chinasbiggestholidayayear,comparedwithotherfestivalsseembleakmany.Thefive-day,thewholenationinherbestclothes,closedshop,playfirecrackerssoun

32、dingbrass,oratinklingcymbal,etc.Thisisadayofgoodluck,everybodyislookingforabetterandmoreprosperousyear,everyonehappy,andpreparedtoincreasehisneighborssaygoodluckauspiciousspeech.1. SpringFestivalandNewYarAstheNewYearbegan,thedifferencebetweengreatcelebrations.AstheSpringFestival,Chinasmostimportantt

33、raditionalfestivaloriginatedfromqingdynasty,istheannuallunarcalendar,fromJanuary1onDecember23,peoplebegantodevelopallkindsofcelebration,untiltheLanternFestival.ThecustomofSpringFestival,suchascleaning,paidforthereuniondinner,firecrackers,theliondance,etc.Anyhow,nomatterstreetLane,athickfestiveatmosp

34、here.Whilethewest,theyadvocateoftheGregoriancalendaryear,whichisNewYearsdayComparedwiththeirnewwayismuchmoreromantic,inlateDecember31,regionalpeoplepouredntothestreets,grandcarnivalnight,cameclosetozero,hundredsofthousandsofpeoplegatherinprayer,together,sincerelyforthearrivaloftheNewYearcountdown.Wh

35、entheclockstrikestwelve,suddenly,thebeautifulmusicplayedball,luxuriant,peoplecelebrateburningvisible,SpringFestivalandNewYearSpringFestival,withstrongspecial:thetraditionalflavoranduniquecharm,NewYeartime,reflectthebreathandtrendofmodernlifefeeling,closer.InChina,SpringFestivalisSpringFestival,theim

36、portanttimeoftheyearbeforefromhanChinese,insteadofthefirstdayofthelunaryear,graduallyfromtheearlySpringFestivalfooddish,themerchant,TuSuJiu,tolateryear,ricedumplings,variety.Theancientsbelievedthatyear,thedateofspringisastart,andthenstart,onthedayhehadadvisedpeoplefarmingcustom.Allfivenightsleakage,

37、tsingcapital,bothherclothesdowntoofficialcountysheriffcountriestoservefoodfightsaregreen,greenpennantperformance,inTuNiutillageoutside,showsignsamongthepeople.Farmingneedstrongbodyandsoonfoodwiththecorrespondingfood.TheearliestconsistsoffivekindsofvegetablesspicystimulationXinPannamelyspringplateand

38、fiveTuSuJiu,purposeisstrongbodyandfarming.Withthepassageoftime,thesignificanceoffarmingfestivaladvisedpeople,andthestronghope,andfurtherstrengthenedhopeNewYearfilledwithhappyauspicious,andthentheemergenceofanewfestivalfood,suchasthesymbolofhappinesssymbol,businessyearreunionofriceandmoraldevelopedli

39、nfe,jixiangruyidumplings,etc.ThisSpringFestivalofChinesefoodisofahappylifewithprayerandyearning.SpringFestivaliscalledand,becauseinthelunaryearwhen,sayagainold.Theancientyear,andoldandthecalendarandagriculturalproduction.Hanwu?Ofload:tooearlybeforethefirstyear(in),.to104theshangdynastyXiaLiinyeartoy

40、earinDecember,zhouforXiaLiOctoberforyear.Again,yearmeansthatthematuregrain.Theoracleinwordisfruitharvestimage,theinthewordcogwheelismature.ThespreadofXuanGong?GuLiangsixteenyears,great,biggrainforyears.Visible,nianwasoriginallywishbumperfestivedays,oneafterbeginning,fresh.Specifically,theSpringFesti

41、valeveincludesandnewtwoparts,thenightbeforetheNewYearseve,afterzerofortheyearfor.Inancienttimes,wheneverfestival,peoplewillbeheldintheactivity,thisistheHouHanShusay:JiDongage,themoonandthestarsofYinandYingtoreturn,andlaborandnongdawax.Inwaxofferingsacrifices,forthepurposeofgod,100ancestors,andfarmer

42、sharvestinfarmingtorestandrecreationofcomingtothebusyfarmingactivities,andinthenextharvestfirecrackerinprayer.Peoplelivingformswillaffectsociallifeandcontent,thismakesthefestivalofChinesetraditionallifetypearedependentonproductiveyearstimemakes2. ZhongYuanJieandHalloweenHalloweenandZhongYuanJie.Hall

43、oweenisoneofthemostimportantfestivalsinBritish,peoplesattention.Thatdayeverydoortohangalantern,everyoneputonclothes,ithastowardoffevilspirits.Actually,asadvanceddevelopedcountries,peoplealreadynolongersuperstitiousaboutghosts,theymostlyforthehellofit.Atthesametime,peoplestillheldthegrandmasqueradepa

44、rties.Theycanbearbitrarytoneighborsforfood,willbepunished.InChina,thegateisopenZhongYuanJielegend,thisdayinthehelloutofimpwillwander,superstitionofChinese,fortheworshipofdeitiesisveryafraid.Onthatday,whentheyburnincenseandprayforworshippingdeitiesnotevilonthem.So,withtheageZhongYuanJieantipatheticpr

45、oductbewashedoutgradually3. DragonBoatFestivalTheDragonBoatFestivalisanimportantholidayinthesummer,thetimefortheChineselunarcalendar,itsmainholidayfoodsaredumplings.ManyscholarsbelievethattheDragonBoatFestivaloriginatedfromthefolksummersolstice,throttlefarming.Butthesummersolsticemarksthebeginningof

46、summer,oftenappearinthemay.Thisperiodisthemostexuberantcropgrowthperiod,butalsothemosteasilygrows,weeds,pestspreads,muststrengthenthemanagement.NongYansaid:thesummersolstice,suchascottonvenomousbite.-Toremindpeopletopayattentiontothesummersolstice,managethefield,alsoinordertoprayforcropharvest,early

47、ancestorsblessintheshangera,oneinsummersolsticespecialtastewasthemainfood,andusethemtoshandongancestorworship.Thewordstudyingceremonies.from?theemperor,midsummermonthinshandong,shametoyoungtastewithpeach,firstlietemplerecommendation.Thisactivitygradually,affectthefolkcustom,andJiaoShuappearedisaspec

48、ialfood,dumplingsforpeopleinthesummersolsticesacrificesandeat.DuetotheDragonBoatFestivalevolvedfromthesummersolsticedevelopment,thenJiaoShuhasbecometheDragonBoatFestivalfood.Thetaipingjinweeksinourleadinthelocal:commontoGuleavesinshandong,wrappedwithgreyboiljuicechunofMay5th,andofficersofthesummerso

49、lsticepampered.Azong,aJiaoShu,YinandYangarewrappedincoverfromtheelephantisnotscattered.Visible,DragonBoatFestivalanddumplingsandfarmingiscloselyrelatedtothethrottle.DragonBoatFestivaloriginallyistheoldestofthenationalsacrificeshistotem-dragonfestival,thenwillthepatrioticpoetquyuantocommemoratetogeth

50、er,willcontaindeeperwilltotemworshipandancestorworshipoftheorganiccombinationofethniccultureconnotation.4. TheMid-AutumnfestivalTheMid-Autumnfestivalisthemostimportantfestivalsinautumn,timeforlunarAugust15,becauseitisMengQiu,halfpastautumn,JiQiuamongthename.Itsmainholidayfoodscakes.However,withthefo

51、rmationoftheMid-Autumnfestivalandthecorrespondingrelationsbetweenbutexperiencedalonghistoricalprocess.Autumnistheharvestseason.Fullgrain,fruit,peopleharborthejoyfulmood,atthesametimetoharvestallnatureproducedgratitude,butthemoonisnaturesoutstandingChinesecalculatedandthemportantbasisofsolarseasonal,

52、sothezhoudynastyhadofferings,worshiptheactivity.Inthesuiandtangdynastiestime,peopletoworship,sacrificeoftheMid-Autumnmoongraduallydiscoveredthelargestandmostcircle,thebrightmoon,andbegantoplay,formedthemoon,thecustomforharvestfestival.Tangpoemsouyangjameelprefacetoplayonwords:Augustinautumn,theseaso

53、natnight,meng,15months.YuTianDaotaxation,continualareinmonths;andtoadsspirit.litres,intotheJiGudonglin,andsuccoth,andcoolairlonesome.Inthedaysoftheholidayandpleasingtotheeye,sayingChinesenaturalwontforgetinwinejiaFoodCompany.Accordingtohistoricalrecords,TangGaoZuLiYuanYuZhongQiuhashostedanight,andth

54、eprinces,andtocelebratethetuboshareoffoodplacedbusinessman-afillingandsurfacecarvedchange,mooncircleofcookiesrammedmedicinepattern.Thisbreadisperhapsthefatherofthemooncakeslater.Tothesongdynasty,thefestivalmoonbanquetwaspopular,andSongWuselfdreamsandplaywu3lin2soldsubtlehascalledthemooncakes,notonly

55、withandlinkedtotheMid-Autumnfestival.MooncakefestivalfoodfestivalbecamethemainaboutinyuanandMingera.Lateyuandynastymperorzhupassedanuprising,willhavetimetowritethenoteinuprisinginexchangingmooncakeswhensendingmessages.ThisshowsthatthecustomofthMd-Autumnmooncakesinyuandynastyhasverypopular.Thewestlak

56、eTianRuChengMing,citytourthanvolunteersatpleasureloadAugust15theMid-Autumnmoon,folktosparephasefromthemeaningofreunion.Thereafter,atleasttwomeaningisshapedlikeamoon,forgodworshiptoexpressonthenatureofgratitude,secondisthebreadforcircular,symboloffamilyreunion,reunion,ahappylifewithlongingfor.Theso-c

57、alledoneveryfestiveday,partingsthatsuchfeelings,intheBritishtraditionfestival,aredifficulttoappreciate.5. ThewintersolsticefestivalThewintersolsticeisanimportantholidayintheNovember,time,nofixeddate.Thefestivalfoodmore,wonton,mutton,glutinousricedough,etc.Thewintersolsticeistheonebeforethewintersols

58、tice,24solarislargestoragecropsandotherfoodrawmaterialofimportantperiod.Studyingthecorrespondingofwords:inNovember,thegassofarbutextremelyhides.Thisyearscropisbusy,orhasended,grain,cattleandsheepfullcirclemanchang,thisisthebeginningofthefruitsoflaborandpeople.Therefore,thepeopleareconcernedaboutthis

59、dayManyresearchersthinkaboutthehandynasty,thewintersolsticehasbecomeaholida.yThewintersolstice,peoplewillcelebratethescaleoftheSpringFestivalholiday,onlysomeplaceshaveold.Thewintersolsticefestivalisalternant,YinandYang,feedtheyang-qiwontondarkhouseandthenopenchaosandancestors,expressionofthenatureof

60、ancestors,honorandgratitude.Inaddition,thewintersolsticefestivalfoodalsomutton,isnotonlytheexcellenttonicfoods,wintersymbolizesgoodfortune,andexpectstoexpressthehappylife.B.TheapproachestocelebrateBritishfestivals1. CarnivalInBritishcountries,thecarnivalisChristianxmeat,mostlyinthetimeofsecularizati