2019-2020年高考英语大题精做11短文改错含解析新人教版

1、2019-2020年高考英语大题精做11短文改错含解析新人教版高考短文改错题是在给出一篇约100词的短文，文中有10处错误，要求考生对每个句子进行判断,如有错误将其改正。错误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等方面的错误。每句中最多有两处错误仅涉及 一个单词的增加、删除或修改。高考短文改错着重考查考生的语言基本功和正确使用英语进行表达的能力。此题型不仅要求考生牢 固的掌握一定的词汇和语法知识，还要求考生具有一定的阅读理解和逻辑推理能力。它针对考生平时学 习英语过程中，尤其是在写作中常犯的错误而设计的，考生在平时写作中常出现的错误是短文改错考查 的重点。【试题特点】一般来说，短文改错的语言材料通常来自

2、考生文章或类似于考生习作的文章。所选材料篇幅较短，约100词左右，10 12个句子；难度不大，基本上无生僻的词汇和语法结构。短文改错的话题较常见， 通常是叙述一个事情或说明一个事物。从体裁上看，历年高考试题中的短文改错以记叙文和应用文为主， 兼顾说明文和议论文。通常从词法，句法和行文逻辑三个角度设题，错误类型有多词，缺词，和错词三 种，比例一般为错词：多词：缺词 =8 (7) : 1 (2) : 1短文改错：近三年的对比分析20152017年英语新课标全国I卷短文改错考向双向细目表项.一一一至伊2015 年2016 年2017 年体彩议论文(随笔)记叙文语篇解读成年时在城市生活，渴望保护环境叔

3、叔开饭店暑假期间考驾照第f发生的故事文本长度10993108考名词111动词111形容词21副词011点分布代词210连词121介词111冠词111从句01时态011非谓语01错 误 类 型错词988多词111少词011【应试技巧】一、把握U三""四""五"，共十二个考点三个必考点：1.名词的单复数；2.介词的误用、多用或少用；3.动词时态不一致。四个常考点：1.连词的误用、多用或少用；2.冠词的误用、多用或少用； 3.词语辨析；4.词性误用。五个考点：1.代词；2.非谓语动词；3.情态动词；4.主谓一致；5.形容词的比较级和最高级。二、考法.

4、8个改词1个添词1个删词，记住比例是： 8:1:1 ;2 .每句有0 2个错误；3 .需要变形的词语通常是名词、动词、形容词、副词等；4 .少词一般是添加冠词、介词、连词、不定式的to,以及物主代词；5 .多词一般是删掉冠词、介词、助动词等。?【核心思路】根据考点找错误，又快又准高速度。三、三个维度1 .词法：介词、冠词、连词的多用，少用或误用，词性误用，非谓语动词，各类词缀，如否定前缀，名词、形容词、副词后缀；2 .句法：主谓一致，时态一致，名词的单复数一致，代词的格和数一致；3 .行文逻辑：并列句中两个简单句的关系，因果、转折、选择、并列关系等。短文改错解题口诀口诀一：短文改错有妙计，完整

5、一致看仔细。词法侧重冠名动，形副互换要留意。分词出现多琢磨，主动被动加语气。全文一处多一词，一处少词关介词。时态人称要统一，连词用法重逻辑。短文改错要做好，常见类型应记牢。口诀二：名词爱考数与格，冠词在前“错、多、少”；动词时态和语态，非谓语搭配莫错了；连代形副错一样，多是故意来混淆；介词多半考搭配，多漏误用想周到； 句法涉及到"一致"，从句多考关系词。词法句法均未错，逻辑推理去寻找。 "811"排列是规律，回读复查敲定稿。0 1." 一致"包括主谓一致，数、性、格等的一致。2. 811常指：8处错误，1处多词，1处少词。真题精做Co

6、rrection 1（2017 新课标 I 卷）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 （A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2 .只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I st

7、illremember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned theinstructor ' s orders , so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had saidto me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word," Speed up! "" Slow down!""

8、;Turning left! " I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A fewminutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenlystop just in the middle on the road.In the summer holiday following myeighteen birthday, I took driving l

9、essons. I stilleighteenth.f goes mindwentblank. I forgot whathe had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating thewordwords"Speed up!""Slowremember how hard - first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learnedthe instructor ' s orders,so一 once I started

10、the car, mybut / yetdown!. u Tuin叫 left!Turnwas left. A few minuteson the road. of"I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which directionlate,the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I latercame to a sudden1y stop just in the middle sudden【答案解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了

11、作者在暑假期间考驾照第一天发生的故事。第一处：tighten改为eiteentli考翎（词。句意：在我十八岁生日后的那个暑假。意思为"十八, 十八个"，表示麴量，。或itemih表示"第十八个的故将所向也改为第二处：fiist前加thorny考查冠词,句意;我依然记得第一天是多么涨难.句中特指开始学驾照的第一天, 所以在fiisl前加上the。也可以加上my, my first day表示"我（学驾照）的第一天"，故在fiisi 前加the或nay。第三处：钿改为Hg或考查连词。根据句意可知作者本以为自己已经掌握了教练的话，结果一发动车，脑 中

12、一片空白，前后文为转折关系，故将8改为but或yet。第四处：髀£改为went考查时态*根据前文中的started可知时态为一般过去时，故将goes改为wen心第五处：刖mi改为 211考查单复数“句意：教练一直喊“加速！" “减速！ “左转！” .四”单词, 消息”，words可以表示为WCE的复数，也表示某人说的话J这里指教练说的那些话，故将WO0 改为words«第六处：Turning改为Turn考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知教练的话"加速"，"减速"，"左转"者B是祈使句，根据前文"Spe

13、ed up! " " Slow down!"也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形，故将Turning改为Turn。第七处：much去掉 考查固定句型。句意：我如此紧张以至于无法分辨哪个方向是左。固定句型so.that表示“如此以至于",much为多余成分，故将 much去掉。第八处：late 改为later 考查副词。late在此作副词，late "迟地"，later "稍后、随后“。此处表示“几分钟之后“，故将 late改为later 。第九处：suddenly改为sudden考查形容词。句意：我来了个紧急刹车。sudde

14、nly是副词，表示"意外地，忽然地"。sudden为形容词，表示"突然的；迅速的"，修饰名词stop用形容词，故将suddenly 改为 sudden。a sudden stop 表示" 急杀U车"。第十处：on改为of考查介词。分析语境可知此处表示“在路中间急刹车"， on the road表示"在路上"，the middle of the road 表示“路的中央"，强调的是“the middle ",故将on改为of。Correction 2（2017 新课标 II 卷）假定英语

15、课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a

16、half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for somegardening tools. beside, they often get some useful inform

17、ations from the internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the vegetablesMr. and Mrs. Zhang-al work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takesboththem about一ahour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they arean/oneinteresting .,厂in planting i

18、nterestedvegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of theirhouse. Theywhichoften get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some earlygardening tools. beside, they often get some useful inf ormations from the internet. Whensummer besidesinf ormationcame, the

19、y will invite their students工 pick the vegetables !cometo【答案解析】【文章大意】本文主要讲了张先生和张太太的日常工作和生活。第一处：血改为bcttn考查七皿和血的用法，力岫的主语是两个，而all的主语是三个或者三个以上，故将all改为birth*第二处：电改为也或加：考查冠词，因为tour音标的首字母是元音.所以应用则故将，改为an或者皿。第三处：interesting改为interested：考查形容词，由于此句的主语是人，而interesting的主语是物，故将 interesting 改为 interested »第四处

20、：that改为which:考查非限制性定语从句，非PM制性定语从句需要用which引导，故将that改为 which。第五处：earlier 改为early :考查副词，earlier 是形容词比较级，不能修动词 get up,故将earlier改为early 。第六处：将而去掉；考查动词，bought是吸物动词，后无需跟介词，散将血r去掉。第七处：be疝te改为besides：考查连接词，besi也是介词,”在旁边”.，而这里需要一个连接词，故将 beside 改为 besides。第）M :infbmiatkms改为 infonnition:考查名词,in&rmatian是不可数名

21、词，故招mfonnatians改为 iDfomutioiL第九处；came改为ccmcs：考查时态，本文全篇为一般现在时，故将came改为come舐第十处，pick改为总讨段：考查动词，本句出现了两个动词j所以要将第二个动词变为非谓语动词，又根 据句意：搞新鲜的蔬菜是目的，所以把第二个动词变为加加不定式的形式表目的，故将pick前加 上tOcCorrection 3（2017 新课标 III 卷）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面

22、写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。When I look at this picture of myself. I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown notonly physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo wastook, I entered my secon

23、d year of high school and becomea new member of the school music club.Around mein picture are the things they were very important in mylife at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing popmusic, and collecting the late music alb

24、ums. This picture often brings back to me many happymemories of your high school days.When I look at this picture of myself. I realizeof how fast time flies. Ihadgrownhavenot only physically,an also mentally in the past fewyears. About one month afterthis photowas took , I entered my second year of

25、high school andtakenmusic club. Around me in picture are the thingsbecomea new member of the schoolbecametheywere very important in mythat/whichlife at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. Idifference ,enjoyed studying kindsof cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting thelatemu

26、sic albums. This picturelatestoften brings back to me many happy memories ofyourhigh school days.my【答案解析】第一处：删除至alize后的of考查介词。realize是及物动词，后面接宾语时不需要介词。第二处: had have考查动词时态。根据时间状语m the past few years判断用现在完成时*第三处;andbut考查连词“固定矩语net onlybut aho意为"不但而且”。第四处：tookf Ulen考查动词。根据句意可知此处表示被动含义，故把如业改为Mreu。第

27、五处二become-became考查动词时态口根据and前面的动词entered判断该句应该用一般过去时。第六如在picture前加the/ this考查限定词的用法.单数可数名词前应该有限定词,根据句意可知在前加the或者ttusc第七处二theyf thMwhich考查定语从句。they不能引导定语从句，因为指代毗呼，所以把they改为财 或者which c第八处二diflferend different考查形容词.修饰名词kin也应该用形容词形式力第九处：late-latest考查形容词最高级根据句意可知此处指最新的音乐唱片,故把脸改为1曲则，第十处二youL呷 考查代词根据句意可知此处

28、是我高中时代生活的美好回，忆，故把m11r改为吗”Correction 4（2016 新课标 I 卷）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1 .每处错误及其修改均限一词；2 .只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I

29、live. Though not very big, but therestaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Somepeople even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every dayhe makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking

30、. My uncle saysthat he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to 由凯 I live. Though not very big,buttherestaurant is popular in our area. It iswherealways crowded with customers at meal t

31、imes. Somepeopleevenhadto wait outside.haveMy uncle tellsme that the key to his success is . Everyhonestyday he makes sure that fresh vegetablesorandhigh quality oil areusing usedfor cooking. Myuncle says that he never dreamsAofbecoming rich in short period of time. Instead, hesteadstedilyhopes that

32、 our business will grow his【答案解析】第一处:thatfwbem。考查宜语从句口此处表达的是“聿近我所居住的地方”，故需将that改为where .where 在此引导宾语从句，并在从句中作地点状语口第二处；如1去掉.考查连词。从属连词Though（虽然杯可与并列连词but（但是）一起使用,故需去掉but。【归纳拓展】在英语中though, although. while或者as等引导的让步状语从句不和but连用$连词becau&e不和so连用$ 此外a return不和back连用。第三处：gd-Wve。考查时态。整篇文章都是以现在时态写的，所以需将一般过

33、去时改为一般现在时。第四处：hwiKTum因ty。考查名词.根据语境”我叔叔告诉我他成功的关键在于诚实”可知，此处该用名 词形式作表语。第五处；of-aud.考查并列连词。根据语境可知，此处不是表示选择关系，而是表示“新鲜的蔬菜和优质 的油”，故把皿改为皿小第六处：usmgTU5ed&考查被动语态。笈eshvt察tables和high quality oil与u眈之间存在被动关系，故用被 动语态。第七处：becoming前加of.考查介词占dream of doing sttt是固定搭配、意为"梦想做某事”。第八处：tiua。考查冠词口此处表示泛指,故该用不定冠词力也shor

34、t period of time意为"短期内”第九处：our一his。考查代词。由语境及主语he可知，此处指的是叔叔的生意，故将 our改为his才合乎语境。第十处：steady steadily 。考查副词。修饰动词grow该用副词，所以应用steady的副词形式steadily 。 Correction 5（2016 新课标 II 卷）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请彳修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 （A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

35、修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1 .每处错误及其修改均限一词；2 .只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. Wecan chose between staying at homeand take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But

36、 in that case, we will learn little about world. Ifwe go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.howto

37、 do during whatthe holiday. We canchosetake between staying at home and a trip. If we stay at home,it is comfortablebut there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn littleandabout theworld. If we go on a trip abroad , we can broaden刈view and ourThe summer holiday is coming. My cl

38、assmates and I are talking aboutcan -,或 can go toshouldmanymuchgaink°nwledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest weknowledgeplaces of interest nearby. Ithoughtthat it is a good idea. It does not costthinkyet we can still learn a lot.【答案解析】第一处:how改为*ah考查宾语从句心分析句子可知？ are talking ab

39、out后为宾语从句，且从句中由缺 少宣语，故将how改为旬uK第二处工chose改为choose考查情态动词的用法.情态动词后接动词原形。第三处工tak改为taking “考查非谓语动词.因为加d连接两个并列的成分，且介词后接动名词形式，所以 将 take改为 takings第四处二but改为题成考查连祠：前后句之间为并列关系，故将ba改为:rnd.第五处工在型）rid前加油考查冠词3根据语境可知，此处表示特指，桢应用定冠词也第六处工your改为皿小考查代词g因为句子的主语为"we",故此处用第七处:knowledges改为knowledge他考查名词的数& kno

40、wled方为不可数名词，只能用单数形式修第八处:删除can或将can改为should。考查虚拟语气& £啤gest意为"建议"时，其后的宾语从句要使用 虚拟语气，请语动词用shoiikl+动词原形,should可以省略.第九处工ihouMt改为也ink考查幼伺物寸态，全文的时态均以一般现在时为主，故此处应用一般现在时。第十处工many改为皿1由心考查代词。表示"钱”的多少时，要用umdi而不是imah模拟精做Correction 1（2017届黑龙江省大庆实验中学高三仿真模拟）I was riding in a taxi to the bus s

41、tation but from there I was supposed to taking a busto NewYork City. It was going to be long journey. I had been packed some chocolates in my suitcaseto eat in the way. When the ride was over, I paid the driver the due amount and gave him a tip.He got my suitcase out. I took them and started walking

42、 away. However, I realized that it wasone of the opportunity to perform an act of kindness. I want to give away all the chocolatesto the driver. After all, he had served me even though it was just his job. I gave them awayand saw the brightly smile light up his face, what made me feel my heart fille

43、dwith happiness.I was riding in a taxi to thebus stationbutso/andfrom there I was supposedto taking a bus to NewYork City.takeIt was going to be long journey. I had been packedsome chocolates in mysuitcase to eatinthe way. Whentheride was over, I paid the driveronthe due amount and gave him a tip. H

44、e got my suitcase out. I tookthemand started walkingitto perform an act of kindness.away. However, I realized that it was one of the opportunityopportunitiesIwan，to give away all the chocolates to the driver. After all, he had served me evenwantedthough it was just his job. I gave them away and saw

45、thebrightlybrightsmile light up his£ thatface, which【答案解析】made me feel my heart filled with happiness.【文章大意】作者乘出租车去公共汽车站。到站后，作者将准备好自己路上吃的巧克力全部送给了出租车司机。作者为自己这样的善意行为感到开心。第一处；but改为so或;mdo考查并列连词力止世前后两句是因果或顺承关系，故用名Hands第二处；taking改为talc©考查动词短语。be supposed to加5也是固定结构，表示"理应做某事 第三处：be后加醍考查冠词.名

46、词journey是可数名词，该处泛指“一个很长的旅途”，应用不定冠词a小第四处；去掉ha觥后的beetu考查语态&pa&是及物动词，其后有宣语thoedates,故应用主动语态，去 掉 been”第五处；in改为MU考查介词± Oil the讨时表示“在路上"，in the way表示"挡住去路"考第六处；tliem改为七考查代词。指代前面的单数名词目加器不应用单数代词简第七处：opportui的改为opportunities o考查名词口 otie of后应用可数名词的复数形式.故opportunhy改 为 oppoitunitics第

47、八处；want改为wantEd 口考查时态“全文整体时态是一般过去时j故此处应用一般过去时，第九处；brig峋y改为bright。考查形容词*名词smile应用形容词作定语修饰，故将bngMly改为brigm口第十处：加t改为岫油。考查定语从句小引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话的内容应用关系代词which- Correction 2（2017届河北唐山一中高三调研 ）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余

48、的词用斜线（） 划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2 .只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Which is known to all, nowadays the Internet is playing more and more important part inour daily life. In it, we can not only read news at home and abroad but also get so muchinformationas possible. We are often send

49、 e-mails to our classmates. We can make telephone call to ourfamilies as well as our friends. However, we can go to school on the net, read different kindsof books and even teach myself English. Wecan also enjoy music, watching sports and play computergames on the net. We could do shopping even with

50、out leaving our homes.【参考答案】WhichAsis known to all,nowadays the Internet is playing more and more important partin our daily life.In it, Onwe can not only read news at home and abroad but also getsoasmuchinformation as possible. Weare often send e-mails to our classmates. We can make telephonecallca

51、llsto our familiesas well as our friends.HoweverBesides/ Moreverwe can go to schoolnet, read differentkinds of books and even teachmyselfourselvesEnglish. Wecan also enjoyon themusic,watchingwatchsports and play computer games on the net. Wecouldcando shopping even withoutleaving our homes.【答案解析】第一处

52、：as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面主句内容，which引导非限制性定语从句的时候，不能放在句首。故 Which改为 As。第二处：play Hanpart in意为"起着的作用”皿代是辅音音素开头的单词j用船故playing后加a*第三处:it指也e Internet, on the Internet是在网络上口故In改为On.第四处：as mudi tnfarm2tion as possible意为”尽可能多的信息"，sOas用于否定句。故so改为as第五处：we和send是壬动关系，不需要被动力故去掉are。第六处；侬诉国!是可数名词，这里没有不定冠词，应该是复数.故

53、811改为calls”第七处；这里是进一步说明网络的好处，用Besides或Moreovur表示递迸故However改为Besides或 MoreovcrQ第八处：teadiQiieself是"自学"，主语是we,反身代词是ourselves.故myself改为ourselv、#第九处：和 eqjcy music, play computec games 并列用动词原形、颉 witching 改为 witch。第十处：这篇文章主要使用一般现在时口故could改为5 口Correction 3 （2017届广西南宁、钦州高三模考 ）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请

54、你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线 （） 划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2 .只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Last Friday, our class was invited an old craftsman to teach us how to making doughfigurine（ 面人）.When the craftsman came int

55、o the classroom, we gave him warm welcome and twoboy helped him with the tool box. First, he shows us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. We stood around him or watched attentively. Then we started to have a try itself.The old man walked around and helped us patient. Finally, we pu

56、t the figurines we made on thetable and took pictures with the old craftsman. Looking on the figurines, we were all veryexciting. We hope we can have more activity of this kind!making ,doughmakewarm welcome and two【参考答案】Last Friday, our class was invited an old craftsman to teach us how tofigurine（ 面人）.When the craftsman came into the classroom, we gave himboy helped him with the tool box. First, hedough figurines. We stood around himshowsshowedus the basic steps and skills of makingitselfourselvesorand.The old man walked around and helpedwatched attentively. Then we started to have a try