人教版新目标八年级英语上册1、2、3、4单元知识点总结

1、1新目标八年级英语上册第一单元Unit 1.How often do you exercise?I.重点短语归纳：on weekends 在周末1. go to the movies去看电影2. look after=take care of 照顾、照看3. surf the internet4. healthy lifestyle5. go skateboardingwatch TV 看电视上网 健康的生活方式 去滑滑板26. keep healthy=stay healthy= keep in good healthkeep + 形容词 表保持某种状态 do some reading 阅读

2、7. exercise= take/do (much) exercise=do sports 锻炼8. eating habits饮食习惯9. take more exercise 做更多的运动10. the same as 与什么相同11. once a month 一月一次12. be different from不同13. twice a week 一周两次 .three times a week 一周三次14. make a difference to 对什么有影响As teachers, you must believe that you can make a difference

3、to the li ves of yourstudents.身为教师，你们必须坚信你们能够影响学生的一生。A false step will make a great difference to my future. 错走一步对我的前程来说会产生很大影响。15. how often 多久一次，询问动作发生的频率 一般用 once a week ，twic e amonth ,every day ,sometimes等回答。How long “多久，多长时间”，对一段时间提问，用“ for+ 一段时间” 作答How soon “多久以后”，“ in+ 一段时间”作答。How far “多远”，询

4、问距离。how many times 多少次 ，用来提问做某事的次数16. although=though 虽然 Although he is old, he is quite strong.(He is old, but he is quite strong.)句子中，有 although 或 though 就不可再用 but ，但可用 yet 或 still “仍然，还”； 有because 就不能再用 so.17. most of the students=most students大多数学生18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物19. as f

5、or 至于20. activity survey 活动调查保持健康321. do homework 做家庭作业22. do house work 做家务事吃更少的肉垃圾食物对什么有益对. 友好，后加人的代词或名词。=do well in“擅长，善于” 后加代词、动名词。对什么有害想做某事 想某人做某事不想某人做某事Want 是及物动词，可加名词或动词不定式。I wa nt to speak good En glish.（我想说一口流利的英语）29. try to do sth尽量做某事Try ones to do sth尽某人最大努力做某事Try doing sth试着做某事Try 做动词意为

6、“试图、设法、努力”后加名词、动名词、动词不定式做宾语30. come home from school 放学回家31. of course=certa inly=sure当然32. get good grades取得好成绩33. some advice 一些建议some advice 中的 advice 是不可数名词 议give advice 提出建议take one s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议34. help sb to do sth帮助某人做某事=help sb with sth35. a lot of vegetables=ma ny vegetables 许多蔬菜a lo

7、t of=lots of36. hardly= almost n ot几乎不 hardly ever 很少，几乎不，从不37. keep/be in good health保持健康38. your favorite program 你最喜欢的节目39. An imal World动物世界40. play soccer 踢足球41. every day每天every day 与 everyday1. every day为“每一天”。如：We go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天 7: 10 去上学。I decide to read En glish every

8、day.我决定每天读英语。23. eat less meat24. ju nk food25. be good forbe good tobe good at26. be bad for27. want to do sth28. want sb to do sthwant sb not to do stha piece of advice一贝 U建42. everyday 为“日常的”。She watches everyday En glish on TV after dinner.她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。Whats your everyday activity?你的日常活动是什么？42.

9、 once or twice a week 每周一两次43. three or four times a week每周三四次44. at Green High School 在格林高中45. all stude nts所有的学生46. most stude nts大多数学生47. some stude nts些学生48. no stude nts没有学生49. the result of a survey调查结果50. the result for“ watch TV ”“看电视”的调查结果51. improve your En glish 提高你的英语52. drink milk 喝牛奶53

10、. pretty healthy 相当健康 prettyadv. 相当，非常Pretty （用作副词时）=rather=very=quite 非常，相当54. kind of = a little有点I think I m kind of unhealthy.我想我有点不健康。二.重点句子：1.How often do you exercise? 你（你们）多久锻炼一次身体？How often + 助动词 do（does 或 did） + 主语 + do sth.? 疑问词 how often 是问频率（多久一次）,（在这里助动词 do（does 或 did） 是起帮助构成疑问的作用）与一般现

11、在时或一般过去时连用，回答一般是用表示频率的副词，如：once, twice, three times ,sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day,once a week , twice a mon th , three times a mon th , three or four times a mon th 等。How ofte n do you go to the factory? Twice a week.你们多久至 U 工厂去一次?每星期两次。2 “What do you usually do on weekends?“I us

12、ually play soccer. ”“周末你通常做什么？” “我通常踢足球。”第一个 do 为助动词，在这起帮助构成疑问的作用；而第二个do 则是实义动词。翻译： What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies.What does she usually do on weeke nds? She sometimes go hik ing.3.“What s your favorite program? ”“It s Animal World. ”“你最喜欢什么节目？ ”“动物世界。”4.As for homework

13、 , most stude nts do homework every day .5as for.意思是“至于；关于”，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing 形式（即动名词）。如：As for him ，I never want to see him here.至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。As for the story ，youd better not believe it.关于那故事，你最好不要相信。至于我自己，我现在不想去。 As for myself, I don t want to go now.至于那个人，我什么都不知道。 As for the man, I kn

14、ow nothing about him.5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play pin g-p ong with her .want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事”；want sb. to do sth. 意思是“想要某人做某事”。如：Do you want to go to the movies with me ？你想和我一起去看电影吗？The teacher doesnt want us to eat hamburgers. 老师不想让我们吃汉堡 包。有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语 ask sb. to do sth.

15、叫某人做某事 tell sb. todo sth. 告诉某人去做某事 help sb. （to） do sth. 帮助某人做某事6. She says it s good for my health.be good for.表示“对.有益（有好处）”；其反义为：be bad for.。（这里 for 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词）如：Its good for us to do more reading.多读书对我们有好处。Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。7. How many hours do you sleep every

16、 night?8. I exercise every day , usually when Icome home from school .9. My eating habits are pretty good .这里 pretty 相当于 very 。10.I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week .try to do sth. 表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思而 try d oing sth. 表示“（用某一办法）试着去做某事”。如 :Youd better try doing

17、the experiment in another way. 你最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验。11. My healthy lifestyle helps meget good grades.help sb.（to） do sth. 帮助某人做某事12. Good food and exercise help me to study better.这里 better 是 well 的比较级，而不是 good 的比较级13.Is her lifestylethe same as yours or different?=Is her lifestylethe same as your lifes

18、tyle or is her lifestyle different from yours?be the same as / be differe nt from14. What sports do you play ?15. A lot of vegetables help you tokeep in good health .keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy16. You must try to eat less meat .6try to do sth. 表示“ 尽力做某事 ” , 不包含是否成功的意思 ,less 是 l

19、 ittle 的比较级17. That sounds interesting.这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sou nd （听起来），look （看起来 ），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象），grow（变得 ）,get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如：It tastes good. 这味道好。The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。The smoke grew heavier and heavier.烟雾变得越来越浓了。18. I think Ikind of akind ofm

20、 kind of unhealthy.我想我有点不健康。= a little 一种三知识结构1.注意 sometimes 与几个形似的词的区别。(1) sometime 是副词，意为“在某个时候”，“某时”Will you come again sometime next week?(2) some time 是名词词组，意为“一段时间”，做时间状语用I will stay here for some time.我将在这呆一段时间。(3) some times 是名词词组，意为“几次，几倍”I met him some times in the street last month. 上个月我在

21、街上遇到他好几次了。(4)sometimes 是频度副词，意为“有时”He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends. 他有时周末去滑滑板。2time 意为“时间”时，为不可数名词。意为“次数，倍数”时，为可数名词，What time is it?I go to the movies three times a week. 注意“次数”的表达方法 一次 once， 两次twice ，三次或三次以上用基数词加上 times：three times 、five times 、one hundred times. 表示“ 几次”的表达方法是：once a da

22、y/ a week/ a month/ a year twice aday/ a week/ a month/ a year3same 与 different1. same 指“相同的”，前面通常要有一个定冠词 the，但是如果 same 前面已经有 this ，those 等词，就不能再与 the 连用了。 如：We are in the same class.我们在同一个班级。结构： the same as 与. 一样 如：His mark is the same as mine.他的分数和我的分数一样。2. different译为“不同的”，其后的可数名词应为复数形式。 如：We are

23、 in different classes.我们在不同的班级。结构： be different from 与. 不同 如：7This sweater is different from that one.这件毛衣与那一件不同。different 的名词形式为 difference, 复数形式为 differences8It hardly rains here, does it?how often / how long / how soon / how farhow often : “隔多久一次”，指动作的频率，答语常用a week 等表示频率的副词或短语。（用于一般现在时或一般过去时）How

24、often do you go to the movies?Once a week. / I never go to the movies.how long: 1) “(延续)多长时间”，回答用 for 时间段或 since 时间点。( 用于各种时态)； 2) 询问物体的长度。How long is the Yellow River?How long have you learned English?I have learned it for 5 years.I have learned it since 5 years ago.how soo n:“还要多久才，多久以后”，答语常用“ in

25、+时间段”。(用于一般将来时)How soon will she come back?Shell come backin an hour.how far :“多远”，询问距离。Can you tell me how far it is from here to your home?How far is it from your home to our school?It s 2 kilometers away.人教新目标八年级英语上册 Unit 2 what s the matter? 一 重点短语归纳1. foot-feet脚 复 tooth-teeth牙齿 复hard: hard 既可作形

26、容词，也可作副词。adj. 劲地辛苦的，困难的 adv. 努力，使He had a hard (adj.)time in the past.Its a hard (adj.) question. (=difficult)The boy studies very hard (adv.). Heworks hard. 他努力工作。句子结构 ：Its hard for sb to do sth这是一个难的问题。那男孩学习非常努力做某事对某人来说是难的。如：Its hard for him to finish the work.很难。注意区分： hard work 困难的工作work hard 努力工

27、作完成那项工作对他来说hardly 是频度副词，表示否定的意思。 （=almost not通常用在形容词、副词和动词之前。 hardly: adv.I can hardly see it.He hardly works.几乎不，简直不 我几乎看不到它 他几乎不工作。often, never, twice92. have a cold =catch a cold =get a cold 感冒103. have a stomachache 胃疼4. have a sore back 背疼5. have a sore throat 喉咙疼6. have a fever 发烧7. lie down a

28、nd (have a)rest躺下休息 have a rest 休息8. hot tea with honey加蜜的热茶9. see a dentist看牙医 see a doctor 看医生10.drink lots of water 多喝水11.lots of ,a lot of, a lota lot of=lots of，可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，一般用在肯定句中There are lots of( a lot of ) books in our library.There is a lot of water on the grounda lot, 是一个副词词组，跟动词连用；

29、表示十分，很等意思；Thanks a lot.12. have a toothache 牙疼13. That s a good idea 好主意14. go to bed去睡觉 go to bed early早上床睡觉15. feel well 感到好feel ill感到不舒服I don t feel well= I 我感觉不舒服 .16. start doing/ to do sthTO DO 是一件事情完成了，开始做另外一件事情DOING 是原来的那件事情做到一半，现在又开始做了，是同一件事情17. two days ago 两天前18. get some rest 多休息 , 休息一会儿

30、19. I think so我认为是这样20. be thirsty口渴21. be hungry饥饿22. be stressed out紧张23. listen to music听音乐24. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式25. traditional Chinese doctors 传统中医26. need to do sth 需要做某事I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist.牙医.We need to keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教室的干净27. a balance of yin a

31、nd yang 阴阳平衡28. for example 例如29. too much yin 太多的阴 , 阴气太盛too much +不可数名词太多的much too +形/副实在太极其，非常too many + 可数名词复数 太多的m not feeling well开始做某事我牙痛 , 我需要去看1130.be good forsth./ doi ng sth.对什么有益be bad for sth./ doing sth.be good to 对好be good at =do well inbe good(bad) for、be1.be good for 对.Doing morning

32、 exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你们的建康有益。2. be good at 擅长于.Li Ping is good at basketball.=Li Ping is good at play ing basketball. begood at = do well in 女口： rm good at math. =I do well in math.3. be good to 对. 好Pare nts are always good to their childre n.好。31. get good grades取得好成绩32. angry 用法

33、 be angry with sb生某人的气I was angry with him for keep ing me wait ing. 等了好久。be angry at/ about sth33.Chi nese medic ine 中药34.be popular in + some place在某地很流行Chin ese medici ne is now popular in many western coun tries.现在中药在许多西方国家受欢迎。35.in western coun tries在西方国家36.It s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。It s impor

34、tant to do sth .做某事很重要。37. bala need diet 平衡饮食38. get tired感到疲倦 be/get tired39. go out at night在晚上出去When you are tired, you shouldnt go out at night. 疲倦时，晚上你不该外出40. stay healthy保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health41. at the mome nt 此时，此刻=nowI m not feeling very well at the moment42. enjoy sth. =li

35、ke sth.(名词)喜欢某物，enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sthenjoy on eself (myself, yourself,herself, himself, themselves, ourse lves, itself反身代词) 玩得高兴，过得愉快 =have a good time = have a wonderful tim,对什么有好处对什么有害在方面好，擅长good at 的相关用法有益李平擅长于篮球。李平擅长于打篮球。我擅长于数学。父母亲总是对他们的孩子我对他很生气，因为他让我就某事生气12e =have fun43. con versa

36、ti on practice会话练习44. host family 寄宿家庭45. have a lot of headaches 经常疼痛I m tired and I have a lot of headaches. 我很疲劳，而且经常头痛。46. a few + 可数名词复数 少许a little +不可数名词/形/副一点47. He shouldn t eat anything=He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西 .48. give sb some advice给某人建议 give advice 提出建议advice 是不可数名词a piece of ad

37、vice 一则建议 take one s advice 采纳或听从某人的建 议He gave me some good advice. 他向我提了一些很好的意见。49. sleep 8 hours a night 每晚睡眠八小时50. take medicine吃药 服药I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因为感冒，我不得不一天吃三次药。51、what,s the matter=what,s wrong=what,s your trouble . what,s the matter 后加人称代词宾格用 with 连接.二

38、固定结构It s + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是的。It s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。It s important for me to eat a balanced diet.平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的.It s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。It s easy for us to find out the answer.找出答案对我们来说是容易的三重点句子1. Whats the matter ? What s the mater with you ? 你怎么啦？=Whats the trouble

39、 with you?=Whats wrong with you?I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache2. That s too bad. You should / shouldnt那太糟糕了 . 你应该 / 不该You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor .He shouldn t eat anything = He should eat nothing.他不应当吃任何东西.3.1 m not f

40、elling well . 这里 well 表示身体状况，不能用 good 代替I don t feel well= I m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服 .134.When did it start ? About two daysago .什么时候开始的？大约两天前5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起来 这里 better 是 well 的比较级6.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yan g to be healthy.传统中医认为

41、我们需要阴阳调和以保持身体健康。 这里 to be healthy 是动词不定式短语，作目的状语7.You should eat hot yang foods, like beef. 你应该吃一些像牛肉之类的 阳性食物。8.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this. 吃党参和黄芪等草本植物也对这有好处。9.People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang. 太紧张易怒的人或许吃了太多的阳性食物。 too much 后跟不可数名词，而 to o m

42、any 后跟可数名词复数10.It s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and its important to eat abalanced diet . 有一个健康的生活方式很容易，饮食平衡是很重要的。It s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 /It s important to do sth . 做某 事重要11.You should rest for a few nights.你应该休息几个晚上12.Istudy late every night , sometimes until 2 am, but I don t think I m

43、improving.我每天晚上学到很晚，有时到凌晨 2 点钟，但我认为我没有提高。 13believe in 信任某人，强调品质， believe sb. 相信某人的话I believe him, but I can t believe in him. 他的话是真的，但是我不信任他这个人。14 .I have a toothache . I need to see a dentist . need 意思为 “需要” ，作实义动词时，后跟动词不定式，否定式为 don t /doesn t / didn t need (to do sth.) ；作情态动词时，只能用于否定句或 疑问句中，否定式为n

44、eedn t(do sth.) ，除有过去式外，没有其它的形态变化 四知识结构1.情态动词 should 的用法should 是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没 有人称和数的变化，意为 应该.。should (应当，应该)用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。eg. You should wait a little more. 你应该再多等一会儿。- I have a very bad cold. 我感冒很厉害。- You should lie down and have a rest.你应该躺下，多喝水。2maybe 与 may be1. maybe 是副词，译为“也许

45、、可能”，相当于“ perhaps ”。如：Maybe he can answer the question.也许他能回答那个问题。He maybe is from the USA, too.他可能也来自美国。2. may be 中的 may 为情态动词，译为“可能是”。如：He may be from the USA, too.他可能也来自美国。14She may be our English teacher.3too many,too much 与 much too1.too many 意为“太多”，用于修饰可数名词的复数。There are too many students in ou

46、r class.生。2. too much 意为“太多”，用于修饰不可数名词 We have too much work to do.o3. much too 表示“太”，用来修饰形容词或副词。如： The box is much too heavy,so I cant carry it. 箱子太重了，所以我搬不动它。4 few 、a few 、little、a little 的区别和联系：1.few / a few 用来修饰可数名词， few 表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有； a f ew 表示有肯定意思， 有几个。 例如：He has few friends here, he feels l

47、onely.他这里没朋友， 他感觉寂寞There are a few eggs in the basket. 篮子里有几个鸡蛋。2.little / a little用来修饰不可数名词， little 表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。 例如：There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？notuntil直到（否定句）才，动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词She didn t leave until we came.He went shoppi

48、ng after he got up.=He didn t go shopping until /before he got up.until/till直到（肯定句）动词为延续性动词We stayed here till/until 12 oclock.人教新目标八年级英语上册Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation? 重点短语归纳1.go camping 去野营2.go shopping 去购物3.go skateboarding 去滑滑板4.go swimming 去游泳5.go boating去划船6.go skating去滑冰7.go hiking

49、（in the mountains）她可能是我们的英语老师如：如：我们班上有太多的学我们有太多的工作要做158.go climbing 去登山9.go fishing 去钓鱼10.go bike riding / cycling11.go sightseeing 去观光去山上徒步旅行 / 远足骑自行车旅行1612.visit my gran dma/ cous ins/ my frie nds in Hong Kong /堂兄弟/香港的朋友13.spe nd time with frie nds 和朋友度过14.babysit her sister照顾她的妹妹15.relax at home在

50、家休息16.go to sports camp去运动野营17.go to the beach 去沙滩18.take a vacati on去度假19.go to Tibet for a week去西藏一个星期20.go away 离开，走开It made me sad to hear you have togo away.听至 M 尔非走不可，我觉得很伤心21.(for) too long 太久22.how long 多长(时间)23.have a good time=have fun=enjoy on eself24.get back to school/ home 回学校 / 回家 gob

51、ack= come back= get back 回来回到某地get back home/ here /there25.stay for three weeks呆三个星期26.take walks / take a walk散步 take walks=have walks=go for a walk散步27.rent videos租录像带28.a famous French sin ger一个著名的法籍歌手29.take a long vacati on度长假30.take vacati ons in Europe在欧洲度假31.th ink about/ of考虑 / 思考32.someth

52、i ng differe nt/ in terest in g/ importa nt一些不同的/ 有趣的/重要的东西go back to school回至 U 学校=retur n toschoolgo back home回至 U 家=retur nhome拜访我的祖母玩得高兴，玩得开心get back to +some where回家、这、那儿17I have somethi ng in terest ing to tell you.你。She wants somethi ng n ew.33.spe nd time in the beautiful coun tryside34.forg

53、et all the problems忘记所有的问题（烦恼）35.sleep a lot 多睡觉，睡个够36.cant wait 迫不及待 cant wait to do sth迫不及待做某事She can t wait to get home to see her parents.她迫不及待的想回家看望父母。37.a good place to go sightsee ing个观光的好地方38.leave for Italy/ Greece/ Spain/ Europe离开/ 出发去意大利 / 希腊/ 西班牙/欧洲39.places to visit in China 在中国参观的地方40.

54、plan my vacation to Italy 计划去意大利度假41.the first week in June 六月的第一周42.leave for 离开/出发去.leave 的用法1. “leave+ 地点”表示“离开某地”。例如：When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？2. “leave for+ 地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。3.Ieave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。 例如：Why are you leaving

55、Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？43. rent videos to sb.租碟片给某人rent videos from sb. 从某人那租碟片44. make a movie 拍电影45. ask sb about sth 问某人某事46. at night =in the evening在晚上47. What/How about+ doing怎么样呢 ?48 on Monday 在星期一49.next week 下周50.the Great Wall长城二固定结构1. show sb. sth.让某人看某物= show sth. to sb. 把某物给

56、某人看He showed me a postcard from Hong Kong yesterday.= He showed a postcard to me from Hong Kong yesterday.类似的结构还有： give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.把某物给某人buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物我有一些有趣的事要告诉她想要一些新的东西。在美丽的乡村度过182. send sb. sth. 寄给某人某物= send sth. to sb. 寄某物给某人My friends sent me a letter jus

57、t now.= My friends sent a letter to me just now.3. think about/ of sth./ doing sth.考虑某事 / 考虑做某事He often thinks about going to Europe for vacation.4. decide on sth. 决定某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事They will decide on the case（案件） tomorrow.He decided to go sightseeing at last.5. plan to do sth. 计划做某事 （过去式）

58、 planned （现在分词） planningShe planned to go to Greece for vacation.vacation plans 假期计划 make plans 制定计划 We should make plans before we doanything. 在做任何事前我们应该制定好计划。6. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事Dont forget to close the door when you leave the classroom.I forget going to Spain befor

59、e.7. remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 = remember doing sth. 记得做过某事Remember to bring your book here tomorrow.He remembered calling you just now.8. finish sth./ finish doing sth. 完成某事 / 完成做某事 Do you finish your homework?When did you finish doing your homework?9. need to do sth. 需要做某事 We need to go home early.10. leave for + 地名 离开/出发去leave A for B 离开 A 地去 B 地 My parents an