八年级下册知识点

1、八年级上册知识点Unit 1 Whats the matter?1. 学会谈论健康问题，健康状况（Talk about your health）2. 能够辨认身体部位。（parts of the body）3. 能够提供建议（Give advice）1. head 头2. neck 颈部3. back后背4. leg腿5. arm手6. hand手7. foot脚8. nose鼻子9. eye眼睛10. ear耳朵11. mouth嘴12. tooth牙齿13. stomach胃14. headache 头痛15. toothache 牙痛16. stomachache 胃痛17. fever

2、 发烧18. backache 后背痛19. sore throat咽部疼痛20. tired累的21. thirsty口渴的22. hungry饿的23. dentist牙医1. have a stomachache胃痛感冒躺倒2. have a cold3. lie down4. take ones temperature给量体温发烧 看医生离开，出发5. have a fever6. go to a doctor7. get off8. to ones surprise令惊讶的是重点短语重点词汇单元目标同意做某事陷入麻烦 摔打，幸亏，由于及时放弃对感做决定砍到，切碎9. agree to

3、 (do sth)10. get into trouble11. fall down12. thanks to13. in time14. give up15. be interested in16. make a decision17. cut off怎么了？1. Whats the matter?2. I have a stomachache.我胃痛。我应该做什么？3. What should I do?4. I think you should lie down and rest.我认为你应该躺下休息5. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow

4、,then go to a doctor.如果你的头和脖子明天仍然痛，那么去看医生吧。6. He hurt himself in P.E class.他在体育课上了。情态动词 should(1) should 作情态动词时，表示责任和义务，含义是“应该：应当”，可用于各种人称。如：What do you think I should do? 你认为我应该做些什么？(2) should 可用来表示推测和估计，常译成“按说应该”。如：I think she should arrive home by now.她此刻应该回家了。(3) should 与 how，why，what 等词连用，多表达惊讶

5、、意外等情绪。如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？1. How to talk about our health .问哪儿不舒服。When we are not feeling well , we often go to see the doctor . The doctor will ask :Whats wrong (with you) ? Whats the matter (with you) ? Whats your trouble ?What happens to you ?(Is there) anything wrong with you ?都表示“你怎么了”。

6、叙述病情。牙出问题了。There is something wrong with my tooth .Doctor , Im not feeling well .我感觉不好，医生。我感觉糟透了。我感觉病得很重。I feel terrible .I feel very ill .This place hurts . (Ive got a pain here) My leg hurts .我腿疼。这个地方疼。高频考点语法难点重点句型I dont feel like eating .我不想吃东西。I have a cold .我感冒了。I have a fever .我发烧了。I have a he

7、adache .我头疼。处置或提出建议：1)Open your mouth , please . 张开嘴。I want to take your temperature .测测你的体温。2) Take this medicine three times a day .这个药一天吃三次。3) Take three pills before you go to bed .睡前服用三片。4) Youd better stay in bed till tomorrow .5) Drink lots of water and have a good rest .最好卧床休息到明天。多喝水，好好休息。卧床

8、多休息。6) You should lie down and rest .你应该喝加蜂蜜的热茶。7) You should drink hot tea with honey .8) You should see a dentist .你应该去看牙医。你应该早点（休息）。9) You should go to bed early .关于情态动词 should2.1) 情态动词 should 表“建议、应该”，其形式为 shouldnt .它用于所有人称。在其后应为动词。You should wait a little more . 你应该再多等一会儿。He should tell me abou

9、t it .他应该告诉我这件事。2) 在表示要求、命令时，语气由 should（应该）、had better（最好）、must（必须） 逐渐加强。在本单元主要是表建议“应当”或“应该”。3. have a cold 感冒，还可以说 get a cold .我得了重感冒：I have a very bad cold .在这里cold 是名词，因此前边可以加冠词“a”、有时也可以说：I have got a very bad cold . 或：I have had a very bad cold .4. He shouldnt eat anything for 24 hours . 他不应在 24

10、 小时内吃任何东西。在这里因为是句，因而不用 something，而用 anything，同 some 和 any 的区别一样，something 用于肯定句中，而 anything 用于或疑问句中，如：Theres something wrong with him .他出问题了，或他病了。Is there anything I can help ?我能帮忙吗？又如：Do you have any brothers ?你有兄弟吗？I have some good friends .我有一些朋友。我从没什么乐趣。I never have any fun .never 是词，因此我们用 any，不

11、用 some5.Whats the matter with you ?你怎么了？with 是个介词，后边可以跟名词或代词。Whats the matter with Sonja ?Sonja 怎么了？6.I am not feeling well .well 表示“好” ，这里不用“good”。feel well7.Shes tired . 她很累。tired 是个形容词，可以说 feel tired 感到很累，或说 get tired.She feels tired. 或 She gets tired .8.Traditionalhealthy .doctors believe we nee

12、d a balance of cooling yin and hot yang to be传统中医认为我们需要通过阴阳调和来保持健康。其中 a balance of平衡keep a balance of 保持一个平衡如 keep a balance of nature 保持自然（）平衡。be healthy，keep healthy，stay healthy 都是保持健康的意思。healthy 是个形容词，其名词形式为 health .9. on the other hand 另一方面。经常与 on (the) one hand 一起连用。表示一方面另一方面。如： On one hand we

13、 should study hard , on the other hand we should keep healthy .我们一方面要努力学习，另一方面应该保持身体健康。10. too much yang in their lives .too much 和 too many 都表示许多。too much 后接不可数名词，如 water , money 等。too many 后接可数名词的复数，如 students , flowers lives 是名词 life 的复数形式。11. Its important to eat a balanced diet .吃（营养）平衡的饮食是很重要的

14、。balanced 在此处是形容词，表示“平衡的”。It 是形式主语，真正的主语是“to eat a balanced diet”，但因主语太长，为了句子平衡， 将主语用it 代替，这是 it 的又能。12.Im not feeling very well at the moment .at the moment .1）用于现在时态中，意思为“此刻”，如： I am busy at the moment . 我此刻很忙。2）用于过去时中，表示“当时”，如： I was busy at the moment . 我当时很忙。A bad thing never dies.坏事传千年引领人生Unit

15、 1 Whats the matter?一、根据句意和首字母提示，完成下列单词拼写。1. We walk with our l.2. Yesterday I had a bad c, so I didn't go to school.3. There is much win the river.4. She was very t, and soon she fell asleep in bed.5. He is very t, please give him a cup of tea.二、单项选择。1. - -I have a headache.A. What's the ma

16、tter, Judy?C. Who are you?B. Where are you, Judy?D. What are you doing, Judy?2. Hestay at home and look after his mother yesterday.A. needed oB. mustC. have toD. has to3. I think walking isour health.A. good atB. bad atC. well inD. good for4. We should not eatjunk food.A. too many B. too much C. man

17、y too D. much too5. -How is the young man?- A. He is twelve.C. He is a doctor.B. He's much better.D. He's Allan.6. It's important to eat adiet.A. balancedB. balanceC. balancingD. balances7. He often has sports., football, basketball and ping-pong.A. For an example B. For example C. For t

18、he example D. For a example8. You should not eat24 hours.A. something in B. nothing for C. anything for D. everything at9. -My mother is ill.- A. Don't worry.B. No hurry.C. I'm sorry to hear that.D. OK.10. -I feel stressed out. I have so much work to do every day.-You'd better not work t

19、oo hard. It's good for you to take some, I think.A. healthB. exerciseC. lessonD. work三、从后的方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。A: We are going to play basketball. (1) B: I'd like to, but I can't. A: (2) B: I have to see Xiao Fang in the hospital.A: What's the matter with her? (3) 实战模拟B: (4) A: (5) B: I&

20、#39;m afraid I can't.四、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Li Ying(be) born in 1986.2. Listen!Our English teacher(speak) at the meeting.3. We'll go to the park if it(not rain) tomorrow.4. Half an hour later, she(meet) her husband outside the park gate.5. You may(go) there a little earlier next time.6. Don

21、9;t(disturb) others when you are in the room.7. You'd better(not play) football in the street.8. The Smiths wanted(live).9. The young man(help) Granny to clean the house last Sunday.10. My sister(write) a letter yesterday.五、英汉互译。1. 你怎么了？我头疼。-？-.弟弟得了重感冒。2. .3. 你不应该来学校太晚。 .4. 我口渴，想喝点水。 .5. He is s

22、tressed out because he has too much work. .6. It is important for you to learn to speak English well. .7. It's cooler today. Let's go for a walk. .8. On the other hand, you should study hard. .六、单句改错，下列各句中均有一处错误，请指出并改正。1. What's(A) the matter(B) to(C) you(D)? 2. My father often(A) eats(B

23、) too many(C) food(D). 3. We are(A) tired(B), so we want(C) to have rest(D). A. Her head hurts and she doesn't want to eat.B. Would you like to go with us?C. Anything serious?D. Are you coming later?E. What do you have to do?4. If you want to(A) stay health(B), you must(C) take some exercise(D).

24、 5. The old man(A) might(B) is(C) a doctor(D). 七、完形填空。What is the best way to study? This is a very important question. Somestudentsoften 1 very hard for long hours. It is a 2 habit, but it is not a better way to study. Anefficient(讲效率的) student must 3 enough sleep, enough food and enough rest. Ever

25、y week you 4 to go out for a walk or visit some friends or some nice places. It's good 5 your study. When you return to your studies, you'll find yourself 6 than before and you'll learnmore.Maybe we can 7 that learning English is 8 takingmedicine. We don'tmean that it's bitter (苦

26、的). We mean that likemedicine, the efficiency of yourstudy 9slowly but surely. 10 slowly but surely every day and effects will come just likemedicine.1. A. play2. A. best3. A. have4. A. want5. A. in6. A. weaker7. A. say8. A. about9. A. returns10. A. Sleep八、阅读理解。B. studyB. betterB. doB. hopeB. forB.

27、strongerB. guessB. onB. comesB. KnowC. sleepC. goodC. wantC. needC. toC. fatterC. talkC. atC. givesC. LearnD. thinkD. badD. makeD. wishD. atD. thinnerD. knowD. likeD. getsD. PlayThere is an old English saying. It tells us that we must go to bed early and get up early in themorning. Then we shall be

28、healthy. We shall also be rich and clever. This is true. The body must have enough sleep to be healthy. Children of young age should have ten hours' sleep every night. Children who do not have enough sleep cannot do their work well and they may not be healthy.The body also needs exercise. Walkin

29、g, running, jumping and playing games are all exercise.Exercise keeps the body strong.Exercise also helps the blood to move around inside the body. It is very important. Our blood moves to all parts of our body. The head also needs blood. Exercise helps us to think better.根据短文内容，选择最佳。1. If we want t

30、o be healthy, we must.A. eat more B. sleep more C. play moreD. go to bed early and get up early2. Children of young age should havehours' sleep every day.A. ten B. nine C. eleven D. twelve3. If children don't have enough sleep, they will not.A. work well B. be clever and healthy C. eat well

31、D. A and B4. The body also needs.A. sports B. running C. exercise D. playing5. Does exercise help us to think better?A. Yes, it does. B. No, it doesn't. C. No, it does. D. Yes, it deosn't.表达。假定你是 Tom,你按 Kate 约定的时间、地点与她见面后去医院看望 Mr Wang。九、告继诉他在中发挥的很好，他很高兴。Mr Wang 祝愿暑假生活愉快，并希望的形式把它写下来。续努力学习。交谈了

32、大约后离开医院。请你以参考词汇： be glad, flowers, do well in, keep on doing, hope, get on well with, Thursday, May 16th, SunnyUnit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.1. 能够以口译形式谈论志愿工作。2. 能够正确运动一般将来时。3. 能够书写以志愿工作为话题的表达。1.cheer欢呼2.volunteer志愿者3.notice发现4. lonely孤单的5. several几个6. feeling感觉7. satisfaction满意拥有者提高，上升独

33、自，一个人修理训练8. owner9. raise 10.alone 11.repair 12.train13.kindness善良改变14.change15. disabled残疾的1. clean up 清扫2. give out 分发，3. cheer up=makehappier 使.高兴4. come up with =think up 提出，想出5. write down 写下，记下重点短语重点词汇单元目标6. set up=establish 建立7. volunteer ones time to do sth.自愿花时间做.8. make plans 计划干.9. use up

34、 用完，耗尽10. take after 在性格或长相方面与父母相象11. fix up 修理12. give away 捐赠13. be similar to 与.相似14. hung out 闲荡15. disabled people 残疾人16. go out of ones way to do sth 帮助.做事，解决难题（摆脱困境）17. train sb. to do sth. 训练做某事我希望到外面工作。1. I hope to work outside.要学习有关于如何能照顾动2. I want to learn more about how to care for anima

35、ls.物的方法。3. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joyon their owners faces.当我看到动物变得更健康以及它们脸上高兴的表情时，我得到一中满足感。4. You could help to clean up the city parks.你可以帮助打扫城市公园。一般将来时：将来时间计划发生或将要发生的动作和存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow .,next ,the day after tomo

36、rrow , in 5 minutes ,soon,等。：will do/be & be going to do/be例如：Ill help clean the city parks next week1.hunger n.饥饿 adj.饥饿的Eg. In the old days, many people died of hunger.旧，许多人死于饥饿。2.homeless adj.无家可归的。在名词词尾加后缀 less 变为如：1) help+less=helpless : 意为“无助的;2) care+ less=careless 意为“粗心的”;形容词。3)hope+ les

37、s=hopeless“无望的”; 4) use+ less=useless“无用的”;3. set v.摆放、放置、（太阳）落下 set up 建立 set off=set out 出发、动身4.cheer v. cheer up sb.或 cheer sb. up 意为“（使宾语，则将代词放在中间。）高兴起来，振作起来”。如果是代词做5.fix v.修理 fix up 相当于repair，表示“修理，修补，整理”,其后跟物件名词作宾语。特别提示。如果 fix up 的宾语是“人”的话，则fix sb. up with sth.句型，表示“为安排某件事，向提供某物”。Eg：Ill fix yo

38、u up with a place to stay. 我来给你安排住处。6.similar adj.相似的 be similar to 意为“与类似”;be the same as“与完全相同”。take表示“长相或举止像（某个长辈）”，不能用于语态。after sb.高频考点语法难点重点句型7. pleasure 意为“高兴，”，是不可数名词；表示“乐趣，高兴的事”时是可数名词。在口语中 Its pleasure. 是回答感谢的客套语。 Thank you for your help. 感谢你的帮助。Its a pleasure. 不用谢。特别提示pleased 是形容词，意为“感到高兴的，

39、欣喜的，满意的，其主语为人。pleasant 也是形容词，表示“使人感到愉快满意”，一般用作定语，如主语是物，也可以用作表语。Eg. Its pleasant weather today. 今天的天气令人愉快。Its very pleasant to sit down after standing for hours.站了几小时后坐下来很舒服。please 是动词，表示“（使）高兴，满意，愉快”。8.shut v, (shut, shut) “关”，在许多情况下可以与 close 互换，只是后者语气较弱，Eg. close thedoor 关门（也可能指半开半闭），shut the路，door

40、 关门（指把门关紧）。当表示“关闭公铁路或交通工具”或作“结束”讲时，只用 close。Eg：They have closed the road for thick fog. 由于大雾，那条公路被关闭。特别提示turn off 用来表示“关闭”有开关的东西，如收音机、电视、煤气、水龙头等。9. carry v.“搬运，携带”，不表示带到什么地方，而携带的方式可以是提、扛、背、抱、抬等。10. fetch v. 相当于 go and bring back，意为“取来，接来”，表示一往一返。A bird is known by its note, and a man by his talk.闻其歌

41、知其鸟，听其言知其人。Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.一、根据句意和首字母，填写所缺单词。1. I am very a. Give me some food, please.2. Its Friday today. Dont poff it any more.3. He is a v, and he often treats some animals.4. My computer is broken. He is rit for me.5. His father is able. He can sthis problem by himsel

42、f.6. There is a s. It says“No Smoking!”.7. I love dogs because they never cand theyre grateful.8. Lucy and Lily are twins, so they are sin many ways.二、用所给词的正确形式填空1. Id like to help(home) people.2. Listen! The baby(cry). Go and have a look.3. The students of Cass Five(put on) an English play next wee

43、k.实战模拟引领人生4. I fell good about(help) other people.5. The monkey made all the people(laugh).6. You cant put off(make) a study plan .7. Tom loves animals and plans(study)to be a veterinarian when he leaves school . 8 Li Ming is a(nine) grade student who wants to be a doctor .9 He now has sixteen bikes

44、(fix) up and give away to children who dont have bikes .10 Thank you for(send) a letter to me三、单选1. Ive no penme. Would you lend oneme?A. without, for B. with, to C. to, for D. for, to2. Were going tomany schools in the west of China.A. cheer up B. set up C. pull off D. put on3. Do you need toa plan

45、 for your holiday?A. give out B. gave out C. give off D. come up with4. On weekends I like toat the English club with my friends.A. hang out B. look out C. hand out D. give out5. The lazy man hashis money, so he has to borrow some money from others.A. use out B. ran outC. run out of D. cost6. Be qui

46、et please, class. Ill going toyour test papers.A give away B give out C give off D give to7. do we feel good about helping other people,I get to spend time doing what I love to do.A Not onlyandC Only.andB But alsoD Not onlybut8. They live in a placeGum TreeA to call B calling C calledD calls9 Place

47、try to get there on time .Dont keep us A to waitB waited C wait D waiting10. -Tom hasnt paid for the school things, has he?-.His father will pay for himA Yes, he has B No, he hasntC Yes, he didD No, he didnt四、阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳。I havent written my blog(博客) for two weeks because Ive been

48、 really busy with my work. And for me, being busy is being1, for I really like my work. I have been finishing up myvolunteer work for Doctors without Borders. I2 some Wharton classmates around to seeShanghai (actually, to see Shanghai bars), and alng out with some online friends I met onPop English.

49、 Its too bad I dont have3to actually meet all the people Ive met on thiswebsitesometimes I hardly have time to4 the messages I get from the other friends. But Ihave had a lot of fun meeting the online friends, and its also been a great way to5my.I have two more weeks6in Shanghai and then I go to New

50、 York for training withMorgan Stanley. In early September I will move toto 7work with Morgans AsiaSpecial Situations Group. I will mostly be covering China, and will come here often 8business trips. But I will not necessarily go to places likeand Shanghai,9,often to 2ndand 3rd tier(等级) cities. Thats

51、 always like me.Before I start work, I want to make sure I enjoy my stay here in Shanghai most of my last twoweeks!10but it can some-times be hard for a big city boy() 1. A. sad) 2. A. sent) 3. A. time) 4. A. write) 5. A. learn) 6. A. left) 7. A. look for) 8. A. with) 9. A. otherwise) 10. A. awful五、

52、阅读理解B. usefulB. showedB. moneyB. replyB. speakB. paidB. chooseB. toB. insteadB. sadC. tiredC. providedC. placesC. answerC. listen toC. spentC. useC. byC. thoughC. interestingD. happyD. supportedD. funD. sendD. practiceD. takenD. startD. onD. orD. specialOn June 26, 2000, two scientists, called Franc

53、is Collins and Craig Venter, told the world that theycould now read the whole “map” of the human body: DNA. DNA is something that everybody has, and it tells the body what to do. DNA is the reason that we look like our mother and father, because we get some of their DNA to make our own.People have b

54、een trying to understand the human body for a long time. In 1860, Gregor Mendel discovered a special reason why we look the same as other people in our family. It is because of small things named “genes” in our body. In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick made another discovery and found out that those small parts are real messages written in the DNA with a special language.In 1961, Marshall Nirenberg and Johann Matthaei found a message in DNA showing how DNA tells the cell (细胞) to build its parts.