宾语从句 (4)

1、Mainly RevisionObject Clauses宾语从句MADE BY Li Lanjun一教学任务一教学任务 复习宾语从句复习宾语从句 二教学重点二教学重点 1.1.宾语从句的概念宾语从句的概念 2. 2.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词 3.3.宾语从句中的语序宾语从句中的语序 4.4.宾语从句的时态变化宾语从句的时态变化 3教学难点教学难点 1. if与与whether的区别的区别 2. when与与if 引导的宾语从句和状语从句引导的宾语从句和状语从句 3.宾语从句与简单句的互换宾语从句与简单句的互换 We know him We know he likes English.

2、主主s s主主s s谓谓v v谓谓v v宾宾o o宾宾o o宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语 主主s s谓谓v v宾宾o o简单句简单句复合句复合句 一 什么 是宾语从句？试比较Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员宇航员)?Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. Please tell me where she has gone.I dont know if he will come tonight.Lets fin

3、d out whats on tonight .Find out the Object Clauses We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .2.由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。1)Do you know whose book it is ?（谁的，作定语） 2)Could you tell me why the train is late? （为什么，作状语）3)

4、He asked who could answer the question. （谁，作主语） 注：注：that 在句中无词义，在从句中不能在句中无词义，在从句中不能充当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。充当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。e.g. I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.1.由从属连词由从属连词that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句二二 .宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词3.由从属连词由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句e.g. I want to know if/whether she is right . Th

5、ey didnt know whether Tom could come back or not . if/whether 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句 表示表示“是否是否”之义，之义，在句中不充当句子成份。在句中不充当句子成份。 if/whether可互换可互换,但但whetheror not为固定搭配为固定搭配.看一看：看一看：I dont know if it will rain tomorrow.If it rains ,Ill stay at home. I want to know when he will come back.When he comes back, please te

6、ll me.想一想：想一想：when和和if 可以引导什么从句？它们的时态有什么点？可以引导什么从句？它们的时态有什么点？whenwhen和和if if 既可以引导既可以引导宾语从句宾语从句，也可以引导，也可以引导状语从句状语从句。在宾语。在宾语从句中，时态根据需要确定；在状语从句中，遵循从句中，时态根据需要确定；在状语从句中，遵循主将从现主将从现的的原则原则。If 与与whether 的区别的区别1. I dont know _ he will come or not.2. I dont care of _ he is handsome.3.He wondered _ to stay her

7、e the next week.4._ he will come is not decided. 与与or not 连用只能用连用只能用whether介词后只能用介词后只能用whether与与to do 不定式连用只能用不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用作主语只能用whetherHelen says that she will learn French next year. Do you know where he comes from? He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time.三三. . 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序

8、无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。的顺序。改一改改一改 将下列问句变成陈述句。 1. Can he swim ? swim . 2. Does he have a pen ? a pen . 3. Which place did he go to ? Which place . 4. Whats wrong with you ? . 5. What happened to you ? . 6. Which is the way to the station?

9、 . 想一想想一想 为什么4，5，6 语序不变？ He canHe hashe went toWhat happened to youWhats wrong with you 将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。 Which is the way to the station Can you tell me/I want to know/I wonder/Please tell me?e.g. Can you tell me if/whether he can swim?四四.宾语从句中时态的变化宾语从句中时态的变化I hear (tha

10、t)Jim ( be ) a worker two years ago.Jim ( be ) an English teacher now . Jim ( cook ) dinner tomorrow .Jim ( sing )a popular song now.Jim ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . Jim ( play ) basketball when his father came back. Jim ( learn )1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester. 填一填填一填wasiswill co

11、okis singinghas beenwas playinghad learned1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态任何一种时态.（需要性原则）（需要性原则）2.2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到从而达到主句和从句的相互一致主句和从句的相互一致. .（呼应性原则）（呼应性原则）1) He will go to Hong Kong .2) He is sick.3)

12、 He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.1) He to Hong Kong .2) He sick.3) He a book . 4) HeHe said辨一辨辨一辨would go waswas reading his work.had finished 确定从句的时态确定从句的时态(根据主句时态根据主句时态)主句时态主句时态从从 句句 时时 态态连连 接接 前前连连 接接 后后一般现在时一般现在时时态保持不变时态保持不变一般过去时一般过去时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时一般将

13、来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时 3.3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）原则）He told me (that)Summer is after Spring .I was told (that)the sun is much bigger than the moon. My parents told me (that)

14、no news is good news.比一比比一比比一比 I dont know where I should go. Tell me how I can do it. I dont know where to go. Tell me how to do it. 结论：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 疑问词 + to do 的简单句。 条件：(1). 主主从主 (2). 主(间间)宾从主1.I dont know what I shall do next .(改简单句） I dont know next .2.John didnt decide which book he would

15、buy .(变为简单句）John didnt decide . 五五.宾语从句与简单句的转换宾语从句与简单句的转换What to dowhich book to buy3.Can you tell me how to get to the bus stop ?(变为复合句） Can you tellme the bus stop ?4.Please tell Lucy how to use the MP5 .(改复合句） Can you tell Lucy _the MP5. how I can get to how she can use.Find out the mistakes and

16、correct them.1. Could you tell me where do they live? 2. She knew that Danny is a student.3.He told me that winter was colder than autumn. 4.Do you know who car it is? wasiswhose六六. .课堂检测课堂检测1. Could you tell me ? A. where the twins were B. where the twins are C where are the twins2. A: Do you know

17、?B: Yes , he came here by train .A. when he came here B. if he will come here C. why he came here D. how he came here3.She says she English for ten years . A. learned B. has learned C. was learning D. have learned. Choose the right answers.BDB4. The teacher told us that the earth round .A. was B. is C. will be D. would be 5. Tell me . A. what wrong is with him B. whats wrong to him C. what the matter is with him D. whats the matter with him6. My friend asked me .A. who is the girl B. who the girl wasC. who was the girl D. who the girlBBD宾语从