自考0795综合英语(二)基础班课程讲义全下册Lessom12

1、普打卬本页LessonTwelve：SellingthePost(II)1. OutlineoftheTextPart1：(Para.1)The1930*swereahardperiodfortheBakersandRussell,sfatherhaddied.Part 2: (Paras.2-17)Russellprovedtobeapoorsalesman.Hewastooshayandtimidforthejob.Part 3: (Paras.18-26)Dorisprovedtobeabettersalesperson.Part 4: (Paras.27-33)Mrs.Bakercon

2、cludedthathersonlackedthecompetitivezealasalesmanneeded.AndfromacompositionhewroteMrs.Bakerdiscoveredhistalentforwriting.Russelldecidedtobecomeawriter.II.TextPart1：(Para.1)1 WelivedinBelleville,NewJersey,acommutertownatthenorthernfringeofNewark.Itwas1932,thebleakestyearoftheDepression.译文：那是1932年,大萧条

3、时期最不景气的年头.commuter通勤者fringe=edgebleakest二darkest=severestMyfatherhaddiedtwoyearsbefore,leavinguswithafewpiecesofSears,Roebuckfurnitureandnotmuchelse,andmymotherhadtakenmysister,Doris,andmetolivewithoneofheryoungerbrothers.译文：两年前,我父亲去世,除了几件西尔斯和岁巴克家具之外,没给我们留下什么别的东西,我母亲带着我和妹妹多丽丝去投奔她的一个弟弟.leavesbsth留给某人

4、某物.ThiswasmyUncleAllen.UncleAllenhadmadesomethingofhimselfby1932.Assalesmanforasoft-drinkbottler,hehadanincomeof530aweek;worepearl-grayspats,detachablecollars,andathree-piecesuit;washappilymarried;andtookinthreadbarerelatives.译文：他推销一种软饮料装瓶机,每周收入30美元,鞋外套着珠灰色的鞋罩,脖子上有可拆卸的领子,身穿三件套的西服：他婚姻美满：接纳身穿破衣烂衫的亲戚住在

5、他家.takein：acceptthreadbare：poorPart2:(Paras.2-17)2 WithmyloadofmagazinesIheadedtowardBellevilleAvenue.Thattswherethepeoplewere.那个地方人多ThereweretwofillingstationsattheintersectionwithUnionAvenue,aswelladanA&P,astreetfruitstall,abakery,abarbershop,adrugstore,andadinershapedlikearailroadcar.译文：在联邦大街的十字路

6、口处,有两个加油站,还有一家A&P连锁店、一个露天水果摊、一家而包房、一个理发店、一家药房和一家形似火车餐车的小餐馆.attheintersection在十字路口ForseveralhoursImademyselfhighlyvisible,shiftingpositionnowandthenfromcornertocornertocorner,fromshopwindowtoshopwindow,tomakesureeveryonecouldseetheheavyblackletteringonthebagthatsaidtheSaturdayEveningPost.译文：一连好几个钟头我尽

7、量惹人注意,不时转移地方,一会儿在这个街角,一会儿到另一个街角,一会儿在这个橱窗旁,一会儿又换个橱窗,想方法让所有的人都能看到包上?星期六晚间邮报?这几个粗体字.Whentheangleoflightindicateditwassuppertime.Iwalkedbacktothehouse.译文：太阳西下说明该吃晚饭的时候,我走回了家.3 Howmanydidyousell,Buddy?nmymotherasked.4 None.5 uWheredidyougo?6 ThecornerofBellevilleandUnionAvenues.7 Whatdidyoudo?8 uStoodont

8、hecornerwaitingforsomebodytobuyaSaturdayEveningPost.9 uYoujuststoodthere?10 Didntsellasingleone.11 uForGodssake,Russell!ve.g.Afterschoolheheadedstraightforhome.2Standby:袖手旁观e.g.Wecouldn,tstandbywhilepeoplestarved.standbysb.：tosupport支持standbysth信守诺言standupforsb./sth.支持,维护e.g.Hisparentswereupsetwhenh

9、ewasarrestedbutstoodbyhim.standuptosb./sth.：经受住：面对：对抗e.g.Don*tletsaythingslikethataboutyourwork.Youshouldstanduptoherabitmore.Standbysth.：遵守诺言等e.g.I11standbymypromise.Standfor：torepresent代表；容忍用于疑问和否认句12 UncleAllenintervened.Tvebeenthinkingaboutitforsometime,hesaid,andIveaboutdecidedtotakethePostregu

10、larly.Putmedownasaregularcustomer.把我算成一个长期买主吧Ihandedamagazineandhepaidmeanickel.ItwasthefirstnickelIearned.13 Afterwardsmymotherinstructedmeinsalesmanship.接着我母亲教我如何推销instructsbin在某方面教导Iwouldhavetoringdoorbells,addressadultswithcharmingself-confidence,andbreakdownresistancewithasalestalkpointingoutth

11、atnoone,nomatterhowpoor,couldaffordtobewithouttheSaturdayEveningPostinthehome.译文：我得按人家的门铃,跟大人说话要说明出叫人喜欢的自信心,对不愿买的人进行宣传,消除他们的抵抗情绪,对他们说无论多穷,家里也不能没有?星期六晚间邮报?.e.g.Icantstandforthemanagerwhenheisout.Iwouldn*tstandforthatsortoftreatmentifIwereyou.2breakdown制服,压垮14ItoldmymotherI,dchangedmymindaboutwantingt

12、osucceedinthemagazinebusiness.15IfyouthinkImgoingtoraiseagood-for-nothing,shereplied,Myouvegotanotherthinkcoming.2IfyouthinkImgoingtoraiseagood-for-nothing,shesaid,youvegotanotherthinkcoming.“Iwonttellyougrowuptobecomeagood-for-nothing,“shereplied,“IfyouthinkIwill,you*requitemistaken,andyoudbetterst

13、opthinkingthatway.2setforth:tosetout/off动身,出发2Bedue到期限译文：她答复说：“你要是以为我会去培养一个废物,那你趁早消除这个念头.Shetoldmetohitthestreetswiththecanvasbagandstartringingdoorbellstheinstantschoolwasoutthenextday.译文：她叫我第二天一放学就背起挎包出发,挨家挨户地按人家的门铃.WhenIobjectedthatIdidntfeelanyaptitudeforsalesmanship,sheaskedhowIdliketolendhermy

14、leatherbeltsoshecouldwhacksomesenseintome.译文：我说我不同意,我根本就没有学推销术的天分,她听了这话后,就问我是不是想把皮带借给她,把我揍一顿,让我明白点道理.aptitude：capablewhack：beatwildlyaptituden：ability水平attituden态度altituden海拔Ibowedtosuperiorwillandenteredjournalismwithaheavyheart.译文：我只好屈服于我母亲至高无上的意志,心事重重地进入了新闻行业.bowedto：givein妥协,屈服16 MymotherandIhad

15、foughtthisbattlealmostaslongasIcouldremember.译文：差不多从我记事起,我和我母亲就一直为此争执不休.Itprobablystartedevenbeforememorybegan,whenIwasacountrychildinnorthernVirginiaandmymother,dissatisfiedwithmyfather,splainworkman*slife,determinedthatIwouldnotgrowuplikehimandhispeople,withcallusesontheirhands,over-allsontheirbac

16、ks,andfourth-gradeeducationsintheirheads.译文：我还不会记事的时候就开始了,那会儿我还是个北弗吉尼亚农村的孩子,我母亲不满足于父亲普通工人的生活,决心让我长大以后不像他和他的家人那样,手上长满老茧,身上穿着工装,头脑里只有小学四年级的文化水平.callus老茧Shehadfancierideasoflifespossibilities.译文：她比父亲对生活前景抱有更美好的梦想.IntroducingmetotheSaturdayEveningPost,shewastryingtoweanmeasearlyaspossiblefrommyfather,sw

17、orldwheremenleftwiththeirlunchpailsatsunup,workedwiththeirhandsalltheirlives,anddiedwithafewsticksofmail-orderfurnitureastheirlegacy.译文：她让我尝试和体验推销?星期六晚间邮报?,是试图让我尽早脱离我父亲的那个天地.在那个天地里,太阳一出来男人们就带着饭盒离开家,一辈子干体力活,到死的时候留下的遗产只不过是邮购来的几件家具.Inmymothersvisionofthebetterlifethereweredesksandwhitecollars,well-pres

18、sedsuits,eveningsofreadingandlivelytalk,andperhaps-ifamanwerevery,veryluckyandhitthejackpot,reallymadesomethingimportantofhimselfperhapstheremightbeafantasticsalaryof$5,000ayeartosupportabighouseandaBuickwitharumbleseatandvacationinAtlanticCity.译文：在我母亲的心目中,像样的生活里要有书桌,人们穿戴白领子和熨烫整洁的西服,晚上读书和进行愉快的谈话,或者是

19、一一要是一个人非常富裕,非常成功,大大提升了自己的社会地位一一他可能有5,000美元这样令人难以相信的年薪来维持一株大房子和一辆有折卷加座的别克矫车,还能在大西洋城度假.unexpectedsuccess17 AndsoIsetforthwithmysackofmagazines.Iwasafraidofthedogsthatsnarledbehindthedoorsofpotentialbuyers.Iwastimidaboutringingthedoorbellsofstrangers,relievedwhennoonecametothedoor,andscaredwhensomeoned

20、id.译文：我不敢按陌生人家的门铃,按铃之后要是没有人到门口来.我倒松了一口气,要是来了人我感到害怕.betimidabout害羞的Despitemymother*sinstructions,Icouldnotdeliveranengagingsalespitch.译文：尽管我母亲教了我,我就是不会滔滔不绝地向人宣传那杂志.inspiteofregardlessofWhenadooropenedIsimplyasked,“WanttobuyaSaturdayEveningPost?InBellevillefewpersonsdid.Itwasatownof30,000people,andmos

21、tweeksIrangafairmajorityofitsdoorbells.译文：这是个有3万人口的城镇,多数情况下一周内,很大局部人家的门铃我都按过.ButIrarelysoldmythirtycopies.SomeweeksIcanvassedtheentiretownforsixdaysandstillhadfourorfiveunsoldmagazinesonMon-dayevening;thenIdreadedthecomingofTuesdaymorning,whenabatchofthirtyfreshSaturdayEveningPostwasdueatthefrontdoo

22、r.译文：另一批30份新印出来的?星期六晚间邮报?按时送到大门口时.Part3:Paras.18-2618 OnerainynightwhencarwindowsweresealedagainstmeIcamebacksoakedandwithnotasinglesaletoreport.MymotherbeckonedtoDoris.19 GobackwithBuddyandshowhimhowtosellthesemagazines,Mshesaid.20 Brimmingwithzest,Doris,thensevenyearsold,returnedwithmetothecorner.

23、译文：多丽丝那时7岁,她满腔热忱地跟我回到街角处.Myhalf-yearsinterestisduenow.21 Brimwith:tobefullof充满Shetookamagazinefromthebag,andwhenthelightturnedredshestrodetothenearestcarandbangedhersmallfistagainsttheclosedwindow.Thedriver,probablystartledtoseesuchalittlegirlassaultinghiscar,loweredthewindowtostare,andDoristhrustaS

24、aturdayEveningPostathim.译文：那个开车人发现闯到他车旁的竟然是个很小的女孩子,可能感到十分惊讶,于是放下车窗,盯她一眼,这时多丽丝把一份?星期六晚间邮报?塞给了他.attack22 uYouneedthismagazine,shepiped,anditonlycostsanickel.译文：女孩说：“你需要这份报纸,它只要5分钱.sellvonsale23 Hersalesmanshipwasirresistible.译文：她的推销技巧令人无法拒绝.英语译文：Sheurgedpeopletobuythemagazinesopersuasivelyandsuccessfu

25、llythattheycouldnotrefuseher.Beforethelightchangedhalfadozentimesshedisposedoftheentirebatch.译文：还没等红绿灯改变6次,她就把30份杂志卖完了.Disposeof处理,处置Ididn,tfeelhumiliated.Iwassohappy(Idecidedtogiveheratreat)(我决定买点吃的犒劳她).LeadinghertothevegetablestoreonBellevilleAvenue,Iboughtthreeapples,whichcostanickel,andgaveheron

26、e.Thedictatorsoondisposedofhisopponents.24 decidetodosth.decideagainststh./doingsth.决定反对decidefor/infavourofsth.决定赞成eg,Thecourthasdecidedfor/infavourofthedefendant.decideon/uponsth,对某事做出决定e.g.WevedecidedonParisforournextvacation.23 uYoushouldn*twastemoney,shesaid.24 Eatyourapple.Ibitintomine.25 Yous

27、houldn*teatbeforesupper,“shesaid.It11spoilyourappetite.26 Backatthehousethatevening,shedutifullyreportedmeforwastinganickel.译文：当天晚上回到家里,她规规矩矩地揭发我浪费了5美分.Insteadofascolding,Iwasrewardedwithapatonthebackforhavingthegoodsensetobuyfruitinsteadofcandy.译文：母亲不但没有责备我,还由于我挺懂事,买的是水果而不是糖,拍了拍我的后背表示赞赏.27 Ididntfe

28、elhumiliated.Ididn*tfeelashamedofmypoorperformanceatall.28 Berewardedwith得到的奖赏MymotherreachedintoherbottomlesssupplyofmaximsandtoldDoris,“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.译文：我母亲这时从她那无穷无尽的格言警句库中信手拈出一条,对多丽丝说：“一天一苹果,医生自己躲.英语译文：Mymotherbegantoquoteawisesayingfromherunlimitedcollection.Part4:(Paras.27-33)27

29、 BythetimeIwastenIhadlearnedallmymother*smaximsbyheart.Askingtostayuppastnormalbedtime,Iknewthatarefusalwouldbeexplainedwith“Earlytobedandearlytorise,makesamanhealthy,wealthy,andwise.译文：我请求晚睡时,如果她不同意,我就知道她会通过这条格言来说明原因：“早睡早起,就会健康、富裕、智慧.learnbyheart铭记在心IfIwhimperedabouthavingtogetupearlyinthemorning,I

30、coulddependonhertosay,“Theearlybirdgetstheworm.译文：我要是抱怨清晨还得早早起床,我保证她就会说：“早起的鸟儿能逮住虫儿.28 TheoneImostdespisedwas,“Ifatfirstyoudontsucceed,try,try,tryagain.ThiswasthebattlecrywithwhichsheconstantlysentmebackintothehopelessstrugglewheneverImoanedthatIhadrungeverydoorbellintownandknewtherewasnttasinglepot

31、entialbuyerleftinBellevillethatweek.译文：我最讨厌的那条格言是：“第一次不成功,努力,努力,再努力.每当我嘟嚷着说我按过了城里各家各户的门铃,贝尔维尔当周不会再有人买那杂志时,我母亲就用这个战斗口号打发我回去做那件亳无成功希望的事情.Afterlisteningtomyexplanation,shehandedmethecanvasbagandsaid,“Ifatfirstyoudon,tsucceed29 Threeyearsinthatjob,whichIwouldgladlyhavequitafterthefirstdayexceptforherins

32、istence,producedatleastonevaluableresult.译文：这活要不是我母亲非要我干,我干过一天之后就不想干了.不过干了3年至少产生了一个很有价值的效果.exceptfor后面的与前面讲的不是一类,如果是一类那么用exceptMymotherfinallyconcludedthatIwouldnevermakesome-thingofmyselfbypursuingalifeinbusinessandstartedconsideringcareersthatdemandedlesscompetitivezeal.译文：我母亲最后得出结论,认为我在商界是不会有所作为的

33、,她开始为我考虑不需要很高竞争热忱的职业.30 OneeveningwhenIwaselevenIbroughthomeashortcompositiononmysummervacationwhichtheteacherhadgradedwithanA.译文：我11岁时的一天晚上,带回家一篇关于暑假的小作文,老师给这篇作文打了最高分.Readingitwithherownschoolteacher,seye,mymotheragreedthatitwastop-drawerseventhgradeproseandcomplimentedme.译文：我母亲以自己当老师的眼光读了这篇作文,她认为这

34、确实是7年级高水平的文章,她还表扬了我.witheye从视角看,以的眼光看top-drawer=thehighestlevelNothingmorewassaidaboutitimmediately,butanewideahadtakenlifeinhermind.Halfwaythroughsuppershesuddenlyinterruptedtheconversation.译文：这事她当时没再说什么,不过她脑子里已经产生了一个新主意.晚饭吃到一半的时候,她忽然打断了我们的谈话.31 Buddy,shesaid,“maybeyoucouldbeawriter.32 Iclaspedthei

35、deatomyheart.译文：我把这想法存在心里.claspedtomyheart=keepindeepheartIhadnevermetawriter,andshownnopreviousurgetowrite,andhadntanotionhowtobecomeawriter,butIlovedstoriesandthoughthatmakingupstoriesmustsurelybealmostasmuchfunasreadingthem.译文：我从来没有见过作家,以前也没有想写作的迫切愿望,对怎样才能成为作家一点概念都没有,不过我喜欢读故事,我想编故事肯定和读故事一样有趣.33 m

36、akeup:编造Bestofall,though,andwhatreallygladdenedmyheart,wastheeaseofthewriterslife.Writersdidnothavetotrudgethroughthetownpeddlingfromcan-vasbags,defendingthemselvesagainstangrydogs,beingrejectedbysurlystrangers.译文：不过,(当作家)最好之处一一真正令我快乐的事一一是作家生活的安逸.作家不必疲惫不堪地穿街走巷背着帆布袋去叫卖,不必提防那些恶狗,不必遭受陌生人恶习言恶习语的回绝.Write

37、rsdidnothavetoringdoorbells.SofarasIcouldmakeout,whatwritersdidcouldn,tevenbeclassifiedaswork.译文：按我当时的理解,作家干的事甚至不能算作是工作.classifymakeout：了解,明白：识别出33Iwasenchanted.Writersdidnthavetohaveanygumptionatall.Ididnotdaretellanybodyforfearofbeinglaughedatintheschoolyard,butsecretlyIdecidedthatwhatI*dliketobew

38、henIgrewupwasawriter.译文：这主意使我着迷.作家根本不必有闯劲儿.这事我不敢跟任何人说,怕在校园里让人笑话,不过我私下认定长大之后要当作家.forfearof害怕一III. vocabularyExercises1. Completethefollowingsentences.1) Putsuitableprepositionsoradverbsintheblanks.(1) Turnright(at)thesecondintersection,andyou11findthebankyouarelookingfor.(2) Hehasgreataptitude(for)la

39、nguagelearning.(3) Howweshalldispose(of)plasticgarbageisabigproblem.(4) Hewasrewarded(with)afreetriptoHongKong(for)hisachievement.(5) Istayed(up)late,memorizingclass-notes(by)heartbeforetheexam.(6) Youlookworried.Telluswhats(on)yourmind.(7) Doyouhaveanygoodideas(in)yourmind?(8) Shemade(up)thestoryto

40、cover(up)hermistake.(9) HoweverhardItried,Icouldn,tmake(out)themeaningofthepoem.(10) Thehunter*sis(on)thefringeofaforest.(11) TheboydidntknowwhattheinitialsN.E.stood(for).(12) Manyforeignfriendsfirmlystood(by)theChinesepeopleintheirstruggleagainsttheJapaneseinvaders.(13) Haveyoudecided(on/upon)adate

41、foryourwedding?(14) Alotofparentscannotstand(up)(to)theirchildren,sunreasonabledemands.2) Choosetherightwordforeachblankandputtheverbintherightformwherenecessary.(1) contrast,compareA. They(compared)thetwobooksandfoundtheyweremuchthesame.B. Inthisbookthewriter(contrasts/contrasted)goodwithevil.(2) g

42、ame,matchA. Thechildrenareplayinga(game)ofhide-and-seekintheyard.B. Therewillbeafootball(match)betweenthetwoschoolsnextweek.(3) sure,certainA.Theywillonlyreopenthetalkson(certain)condi-tions.B.Don*tbetoo(sure)ofyourself.You?dbetteraskhimfirst.sure表certain表/定a.肯定的(做表语)；given一定,某种(做定语)Toacertainextent

43、(degree)在某种程度上Besureofsth(4) reject,refuseA. Whileabroad,he(refuses)todoanythingthatmightharmhiscounrty1simage.B. Theirapplicationforavisawasagain(rejected).(5) scold,criticizeA,Shenever(scolds)herchildrenfortakingaparttheirtoys.8. Thenightguardwasseverely(criticized)forneglectinghisduty.IV. Grammar

44、andUsageUnusualPrepositions:but,except,from,insteadof1 .but除去,除开1)but作介词不能放在句首,它后面除了像其他介词一样可跟名词和代词外,还可跟介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句.注意：在donothingbut和thereisnothingtodobut后面的不定式通常省略to.donothingbut+dothereisnothingtodobut两个后面都加doo2)区分介词but与连词butEveryonehadagoodtimebutJohn.(介i司)ThestudentshadagoodtimebutnotJohn/but

45、Johndidnot.(连词)2 .except除去,除掉1)与but一样,except后而除了像其他介词一样可跟名词和代词外,还可跟介词短语、不定式和从句.注意：在donothing/everything/anythingexcept的句型中,其后的不定式多省略to.donothing/anything/everythig+exceptdosthTheycoulddonothingexceptwaitforhelptoarrive.except同类exceptfor不同类2) except和exceptfor的区别ThehousewasdecoratedforChristinasexcept

46、thekitchen.(kitchen是house的一局部)Wehadaverypleasanttime,exceptfortheweather,(we与theweather不同类)3) but和except的区别but后面的成分一般不重要,而except那么强调它后而所跟的成分,but多放在否认句或否定词nobody,nothing等之后,而except那么不一定.4) from的几个主要用法1)表示来源,根源2)表示原因3)表示“从到4)表示“用材料makefrom看不出makeof看得出注意from与同样表示材料的of与outof的区别.Of表示成品中看得出来原材料.Outof强调利用某

47、物做Shemadejacketforhersonoutofanoldcoatofherhusbands.Thehouseisbuiltofstone.5)可跟表示方位的介词词组或副词under,behind,above,before连用5) insteadof取代,代替Exercises1. Completethefollowingsentenceswithappropriateprepositions.1) Yourcompositionisallright(exceptfor)afewspellingmis-takes.2) Mostofthefurnitureinthisroomismade(of)redwood.3) (Exceptfor)herawfulawfulhairstyle,Iwouldsayshelooksallright.4) CouldIhavesomefreshorangejuice(insteadof)lemonade,please?5) You*11breakdown(from)overworkifyougoonlikethis.6) Theyobviouslyexpectedabette