2014高职高专写作大赛图表作文讲解及参考范文

1、英语四级图表作文讲解及参考范文图表作文也是四（六）级考试中常见，而且被认为是一种较难的作文形式。图表作文就是把非文字信息（通常为各种图表表示的数字信息等）转换成文字信息的一种作文。它要求我们用文字来描述非文字性的图表或对 图表显示的关系作解释说明。第一节图表作文的出题形式和写作要领一、图表作文常见出题形式图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、圆形图、曲线图或条形图，有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给出提示，要求我们：1）用文字描述图表，客观解释图表中所传递的信息，并找出某种规律或趋势；2）就图表中所反映的某种趋势或问题分析其原因或后果。图表作文着重说明事实，常常是通过对图表中所反

2、映的具体数据的说明、分析、比较，对某种事物或现象的事实或变化情况等加以说明，并提出结论或看法。因此，图表作文常常采用议论文体的写作方法。写好图表作文，关键在于能否读懂图表中所提供的信息，把握各信息间的联系，用准确流畅的语言把这一信息表达出来，并就这一信息发表自己的看法。二、图表作文的写作步骤写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤：1）认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系；2）确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据；3）编列文章的提纲；4）根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过渡；5）检查

3、与修改。三、图表作文的篇章结构写图表作文时，常采用三段式的陈述方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或 趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出 解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为：第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想(总趋势+极端值+特点，时态)第二段：分析产生的原因第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议模板一总的趋势 图表具体描述剖析图表所揭示的含义理由一 理由二 理由三 理由四 总结 前景预测As can be seen from the table, the past decade has witnessed dram

4、atic changes n.While . It is obvious from the table that .What contributed to these changes? I think the reasons are as follows. To start with, . Secondly, . What s more,. Last but not lease,.In conclusion, . Moreover, .描述图表分三方面解释原因下结论1) During the period from to , rose from to , while decreased fro

5、m to.2) We believe that three reasons can account for this phenomenon. First,. Second,. Third,.3) .We are happy to see that things are becoming better and better nowadays. We can imagine that.模板三描述图表 解释图表 补充解释1) During the period between and,declined abruptly from to,while increased sharply from to.

6、2) Several reasons can account for this phenomenon. Compared with is much cheaper and more convenient. Apart from that,.3) However, there are still a number of people who , generally for two reasons. On the one hand,. On the other hand,.范文： Film Is Giving Way to TV1 .电影观众越来越少2 .电视观众越来越多，因为 3 .然而，还是有

7、人喜欢看电影，因为 1 .图表类型：table表格；chart图表；diagram图表或图解，示意图；graph图表，曲线图；column/ bar chart柱状图；pie graph 饼图2 .描述：show; describe; illustrate; can be seen from; clear; apparent; reveal 显示;represent表现, 描绘3 .内容：figure 数字;statistic 统计值;statistics 用作复统计,统计数字资料,统计表 number; percentage; proportion表示数据上升：increase, rise,

8、 ascend, core, surge, go up, climb, mount, level up下降:decrease, fall, drop, descend, decline, reduce ,lessen, level, down平稳 : stable, steady, remain steady/stable; /maintain/keep/be the same as/similar to ; little/hardly any/no change波动 : fluctuate, fluctuation, rise and falls, up and down占 : occupy

9、，take up，account for, gain而 : while, however, whereas , on the other hand, actually/in fact相比 : by contract, on the contrary, likewise, compared with最高点 : the highest, the top, the summit, the peak, the most最低点 : bottom, less, least, rock bottom 最低点例句 Prices have hit rock bottom. 价格已达最低水平平均 : mean 平

10、均值 , average趋势: tendency, trend, inclination预见: prediction达到顶峰: mount to比例： 20 per cent , 20% one in three, 1/3 one out of every four ， 有一个稳定的过程 表示 变化程度的词：sudden/suddenly rapid/rapidly dramatic/dramatically significant/significantly sharp/sharply steep/steeply steady/steadily gradual/gradually slow/

11、slowly slight/slightly stable/stably 表示范围：from to between and for表示程度：almost adv.nearly adv.approximately adv. just over exactly adv.precisely adv.1/4: a stable period can be seen突然的，意外的迅速的，飞快的，险峻的戏剧性的，生动的有意义的，重大的，重要的明显的，急剧的急剧升降的正好稳固的，坚定不移的渐进的，逐渐的缓慢的，不活跃的轻微的、略微地稳定的笛长时间直到几乎，差不多几乎，密切地近似的，大约刚超过正确地，严密地精

12、确地；清晰地 常用词和短语significant changes图中一些较大变化noticeable trend明显趋势during the same period 在同一时期grow/grew增长distribute分布，区别unequally不相等地pronounced明显的average平均no doubt无疑地corresponding adj.相应的，通讯的represent vt.阐述，表现overall体上讲except除外in the case of adv.在一的情况下in contrast相反，大不相同in conclusion adv.最后，总之in comparison

13、相比之下inversely adv.相反地，倒转地in general通常，大体上，一般而言rang from -to从.到.不等excessive adj.过多的，过分的，额外lower v.降低，跌落elapse vi.（时间）过去，消逝category n.种类government policy政府政策market forces市场规律measure n. 尺寸，方法，措施方法，措施 v.估量，调节forecast n.先见，预见表示程度的副词：1.）程度较大：considerably dramatically greatly markedly obviously quickly rap

14、idly sharply significantly suddenly2) 程度较小：slightly gradually slowly steadily四、图表作文常用的句型(1)常用的开篇句型(即概述图表内容时常用的表达法) According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph, we can see/conclude that根据该表 /图；我们可知 The table/graph reveals (shows/indicates/illustrates/ represents/points out) that 该表/图表明 As w

15、e can see from the table As can be seen from the line/bar graph As is shown (illustrated/indicated) in the pie chart如表/图所不，(2) 描述增减变化常用的句型 Compared with is still increased by The number of grew/rose from to An increase is shown in ；then came a sharp increase of In the number remains the same/drops t

16、o There was a very slight (small/slow/gradual) rise/increase in 1990.Th There was a very steady (marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/ dramatic) drop (decrease/decline/fall/reduction) in 1998/ compared with that of last year).来看一篇范文：(1) From the graph, we can see that the number of car accidents in Walton city

17、 fluctuated during the year of 1990. The first two months of 1990 showed an increasing trend. (3) The rate rose to 32 in March but fell to 26 in June. From June on, the rate was rising again and reached the peak point 39 in August. After August the rate began to decline remarkably, and eventually dr

18、opped to the lowest point 16 at the end of the year. Therefore, it s obvious that car accident in Walton (declined in 1990.主题句 /概述表格反映的内容 一(5) 反映交通事故的变化情况(6)小结：总结表格数据反映的总趋势(7)There are several reasons for the decline. First, a new traffic law was made and came into force. It provided that in summer

19、every car must be air-conditioned. (10) As a result, the highest rate in August, when humidity and high temperature make drivers impatient and easily lead to car accidents, dropped steadily. (11) Second, new roads were built and some narrow streets were widened, which quickened the flow of traffic.

20、(12) Finally, the city administration made great efforts to heighten people s awareness of observng3raffic rules.句原因/措施一解释措施一 /次要辅助(10)采取措施一后的结果(11)原因/措施二(12)原因/措施三(13) With all these new measures, I m sure the rate of car accidents in Walton city will go on falling this year.(13)总结：展望未来的情况第二节图表作文样题

21、与样文举例样题一：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How People Spend TheirHolidays. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the table and the outline given below:Year*1如in*51Staying at E? mu，6加4啥2恤1、根据上表，简要描述1990年、1995年、2000年某城

22、市人们度假方式的情况及其变化；2、请说明发生这些变化的原因；3、得出结论。How People Spend Their HolidaysAs is clearly shown in the table that there was a dramatic change in the way people spent their holidays between 1990 and 2000. Especially, in 1990, 63% of people spent their holidays at home, while the figure decreased considerably

23、 to 24% in 2000. There are three reasons for this phenomenon.To begin with, with the development of market-oriented economy, people earn by far more money than they used to, making it possible for them to afford traveling expenses. In addition, people realize the importance of getting well-informed

24、about the outside world in this modern era to develop their potential. For example, a traveler may encounter or talk with someone of a different cultural background so as to broaden his vision. Last but not least, by traveling outside, people are close to nature, which is not only beneficial to both

25、 their health and peace of mind. In short, more and more people take the occasion of holiday to travel outside and relax themselves.As far as I am concerned, I prefer to go traveling instead of staying at home during holidays. On the one hand, I love meeting different people and take in some fresh i

26、deas. On the other hand, it is agreed that the world isbecoming a global village. No one could confine himself within his small circle of families or relatives. In brief, I have benefited a lot and will benefit more from traveling during the holidays.点评：该篇作文属图表作文，命题思路与四级真题图表作文一致，仿真度高。本预测题关于人们旅游度假方式的

27、变化，也是社会热点话题，2006年1月就考过名校校园该不该成为旅游景点话题； 2004年6月也是 关于旅游景点的介绍。样题二:The Pursuit of A Master s Degree a.根据下图描述某校毕业生毕业意向的变化 b.分析选择读研的毕业生数目增加的原因 c.说明选择读研对个人和社会产生的影响2C04 PursuinE Kastv J sD e E工电电 Kunti n g fai a. Jab口 StTidyiiiR Abioad 。titer1萼4 PlirEUlIlE erJ aDecree Hunt i ng for a. Job S tudyiiiE Abroad

28、OtherIt is illustrated in the pie charts that graduates choices after graduation have experienced much change. The number of students choosing to pursue a master s degree and study abroad grows several times over the decade.The reasons of the increasing number of students pursuing a master s degree

29、are as follows. First, with the numberof college graduates growing each year, the situation in the job market is getting tighter and tighter. The public awareness of the situation has created a surge of interest in seeking a master degree. Secondly, many cross-national companies set a much higher st

30、andard for new recruits than ever. It seems that the higher education you have, the higher salary you may receive.Choosing to study for masterfees welgbenefit the individuals and the whole society as well. The quality ofChinese intellectuals will be considerably enhanced, which in turn will boost th

31、e progress of the whole society.样题三：Direction: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic :Cell Phones .You should write no less than 120 words and base your composition on the outline below:手机用户数1 .描述上图所示的手机用户数的变化情况2 .出现这种情况的原因3 .对此现象作出评价Cell PhonesAs is shown in t

32、he chart, cell phones are becoming increasingly popular within China. In 1999, the number of cell phones in use was only 2 million, but in 2002, the number reaches 5 million. And in the year 2005, the number has suddenly soared to 9 million.There are many factors contributing to this development. Fi

33、rstly, a cell phone has no wires and can be carried everywhere easily. Secondly, a cell phone is something wonderful that we can have fun with news, games, music and chat through sending short messages. Thirdly, the drop in price and the simultaneous improvement in the functions have made it possibl

34、e for an average person to make use of cell phone.The wide use of cell phones has make them more and more indispensable in people daily life. The many functions of the cell phone have made certain people reluctant to separate themselves from their cell phone. 点评：随着我国经济的快速发展，人民的生活水平不断改善，通讯业的日新月异的发展，使

35、得手机使用普 及化，成为人们日常生活的必需品，对此的利弊人们看法各异。本预测题为热点话题，同样是年轻人较熟 悉和经常讨论的话题，值得关注。样题四：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Blog. You should write at least 120 words based on the chart and outline given below:下图是2007年1-10月中国博客服务人均月度有效浏览时间及增长率，描述变化，说明原因。iLEoiTcickQ2

36、007年I 10月中国博客服务人均月度有效洌典时间及增长率200:00150:00100.0050D000:00施E人均月度有效谢碑时间1分:相Source iUrTracker2CO7.1O,基于村5万多名祥本眄性属网据看为厘冽，代娄1，加中国累展及工作 单位（不含网吧等公共上躅地点网昆眄衰像上网属性曲昌32CO7.11 i?&seanch Inc.,w.inesea gh. com. erBlogThis histogram （柱状图； 直方图） shows the number of people using blog services from January to October i

37、n 2007. From it we can see that the number of users increased monthly from January to August, except February. After two peak months, July and August, the number dropped slightly in September, while in October it picked up again.Possible reasons for these changes are first, in February Chinese peopl

38、e celebrated the most important festivalChinese New Year. This means more people spent more time with their families and friends, andtherefore they didn t have as much time for surfing online. Secondly, college students are the main users of blog services. While in July and August, they had summer h

39、olidays, which enabled them to have more spare time reading and writing blogs. Thirdly, with improvements of blog services and the influence of some“star bloggermost of whom are celebrities, blogs are becoming an important way for people to express themselves and communicate with others. So more and

40、 more people are starting to use these services, which help explain the overall increase shown here.点评：这是一篇图表题。可以看出，整体呈增长趋势。但是，二月和九月有所下降。所以，分析的时候要照顾各个方面。样题五For this part, you are required to write a composition ab out 120 words on the topic: Changes in People s DailyExpenses. Your composition should

41、 be written on the following table and Chinese given below.1 .描述图表中人们每天开支变化情况2 .请说明发生这些变化的原因3 .结合图表对未来作出合理的预测1於力19gM19野Q19 9肿1993Food61*43%口41%如3(5%口Clolhing9%-1泓一15和18%-Recreation4%干诙卡井F1%0山区22%24%3 5弘w?5%二Totals100%1口吐1C1W100%/1口口”Changes in People s Daily Expenses.What is shown in the table above

42、 indicates that dramatic changes have taken place in the people s daily expensefrom 1995 to 1999. The expenses on food have declined by 30% while those on clothing and recreation have increased respectively by 9% and 7% . The statistics of rise and fall seem to exist in isolation but closely related

43、 to one another .There are two factors accounting for these changes. Development in economy is an essential one in the five years. The increased income resulting from economic growth plays an important part in the less expense on food. Hence, a small percentage of total income is enough to cover foo

44、d expense. Another one is the changes in life style. When food presents no worry to the average, people begin to focus more of interest on handsome appearance and happy leisure time . As a result of such a shift, spending on clothing and recreation increases year after year.From the analyses made above, we may come to the conclusion that people s living standards have been constantly improved between 1995 and 1999. With the further growth in economy and more changes in life style, the tendency indicated in the table will continue in the better direction .点评：该预测题属于图表作文写作，与社会生活密