2020年高考英语全国三卷高考真题分析

1、2020年7月全国III卷笔试部分试题分析、试题语篇选材（一）题材分布及语篇特点篇目体裁主要内容主题语境词数阅 读 理 解A篇应用文介绍了四个由专家学者带领的文化之旅，内 容涉及目的地的自然环境、历史建筑、物质 与非物质文化遗产等信息。人与自然 人与社会242+64B篇社会现象类 说明文作者用猩球崛起制片团队不用真实的大 猩猩参与拍摄，而利用动作捕捉技术创设数 字化大猩猩角色这一事例，说明在动物保护 者的呼吁和监督下，好莱坞电影业在动物保 护方面做出积极尝试这一现象。人与自然247+128C篇社会现象类 说明文介绍了越来越多的英国人愿意和年迈的父母 住在一起，甚至“几代同堂”这一社会现象， 反

2、映英国家庭生活的一种趋势。人与自我321+96D篇科技类 说明文阐述了科学家们通过基因研究发现，巴瑶族 人在进化过程中不断适应海洋生活这一现 象，说明人类会不断进化以适应自然环境。人与自然304+133七选五文化类 说明文介绍“乔迁派对”的重要意义和传统习俗。人与社会248+87完形填空记叙文作者结合自己做商场导购员和顾客打交道的 经历，告诫大家当遇到“难缠”的顾客时， 要将心比心，理解顾客的苦衷，不要因争吵 而坏了好心情。内容涉及良好的人际关系和 社会交往。人与社会269+96语篇填空记叙文讲述一个自大的画家，在游历了美丽的山川 河流后，被大自然的鬼斧神工所折服，从而 认识到自己的不足并变得

3、谦逊的故事。内容 涉及正确的人生态度和价值观。人与自我234短文 改错学生 习作讲述了妈妈非常重视饮食健康，总是“要 求”家人吃一些不喜欢的食物，但是妈妈的 好意得到“我”的理解和感激。内容涉及健 康的生活方式以及家庭生活。人与自我102所选语篇的主要特点:1）试题所选的语篇涵盖了 “人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”三大主题语境，主题内容丰富，与学生 生活、学习息息相关；2）选材内容既体现中华文化，也涉及对国外的历史、社会与文化的理解；既有助于学生增强国家认同、 坚定文化自信，也帮助学生了解世界文化精华，发展跨文化交流能力；3）选材体现社会热点，渗透丰富的情感（对家人、朋友的爱、对自然的敬仰和敬

4、畏等）、积极的态度（对 他人的理解和包容等）和正确的价值观（谦逊、尊老爱幼等）内容积极向上，体现了立德树人的根 本任务；4）选材语言地道，有不少教材中未出现过的习语和表达；文章除考纲词汇外，有不少需要通过构词法 来理解的“生词”（如阅读C篇中的multigenerational，完形填空50题中的displeased等），也有不 少“熟词生义”（如阅读 D 篇第二段 “The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia.”句中的number就是动词，意为“总计有”）。（二）

5、试题设置篇目题目类型阅 读 理 解A篇1细节理解题直接细节2细节理解题直接细节3细节理解题直接细节B篇4细节理解题直接细节5主旨大意题段落中心6推理判断题词义猜测（上下文语境+近义词）7推理判断题根据原文信息进行符合逻辑和常理的推断C篇8细节理解题直接细节9推理判断题观点态度（通过直接引语判断说话人态度）10细节理解题间接名田节（对原文信息进行总结和语意转换）11主旨大意题文章主旨（通过段首的主题句判断）D篇12细节理解题间接名田节（对原文信息进行语意转换）13细节理解题间接名田节（对原文信息进行语意转换）14细节理解题直接细节15主旨大意题标题概括（通过段首的主题句判断）七选五16-20上下

6、文语境和逻辑完形填空21名词语意复现22动词情节发展23动词情节发展24动词情节发展25名词情节发展26形容词常识背景27动词逻辑关系28形容词情节发展29形容词短语语意复现30形容词情节发展31动词情节发展32介词短语常识背景33形容词情节发展34名词情节发展35动词情节发展36副词短语搭配37形容词常识背景38介词短语情节发展39动词情节发展40动词情节发展语篇填空41连词定语从句的连词whose42形容词形容词最高级43动词谓语动词的被动语态44名词形容词变名词45连词时间状语从句的连词when/as46动词谓语动词的时态47动词动词固定搭配48副词形容词变副词49动词doing作宾语补

7、足语50介词介词短语的搭配短文 改错1动词过去分词作形容词2名词名词的单复数3形容词副词变形容词4连词删除不必要的并列连词and5冠词不定冠词的基本用法6动词动词的时态7动词助动词的现三单形式8动词短语中补充不定式的to作宾补9代词人称代词变化10连词定语从句的连词that题目设置的主要特点：1）阅读理解全部用特殊疑问句设题，疑问词以what （9）为主，涉及why （2）, which （2）, where （1）, who （1）；没有划线设问和反向思维的设问；2）完形填空设题以动词（8）和形容词（6）为主，兼顾名词（3）、介词（2）、副词（1）；设题处主要考虑上下文情节的发展，兼顾常识背

8、景、语意复现、短语搭配和逻辑关系;3)语篇填空和短文改错中考查的都是基础的语法知识点，没有偏难怪的考点；试题考查学生通过语意 理解和句子成分分析，识别考点并正确使用相关语法知识的能力。二、试题详解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AJourney Back in Time with Scholars Classical Provence (13 days)Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence, France, with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit so

9、me of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin, Fields of flowers, tile -roofed (瓦屋顶)villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.Southern Spain (15 days)Spain has lovely white towns and the scent (

10、芳香)of oranges, but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks, Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo, Roman Merida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.China,s Sacred Landsca

11、pes (21 days)Discover the China of “past ages,” its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights (精彩之处)include China,s most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou,s rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our

12、 tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.Tunisia (17 days)Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in -depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga, the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata, unique for undergrou

13、nd cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches. 21. What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain?A. Historical monuments.B. Fields of flowers.C. Van Gogh,s paintings.D. Greek buildings.22. Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about

14、?A. France.B. Spain.C. China.D. Tunisia.23. Which of the following highlights the Tunisian tour?A. White towns.B. Underground cities.C. Tile-rooted villages.D. Rolling hills.【答案解析】21. A 细节理解题，根据原文第一部分“We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world.”和原文第二部分“we explore historica

15、l monuments and architecture”可知，Classical Provence 和 Southern Spain都有的是historical monumentso这个题目难点在于学生需要寻找细节信息之后，对所得信 息进行比对和整合，从而才能总结出两个旅游项目的相同点。22. C细节理解题，根据原文第三部分第一句话可知答案为China。23. B细节理解题，根据原文最后一部分“unique for underground cities”可知B项正确。BWhen “Rise of the Planet of the Apes” was first shown to the p

16、ublic last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they weren,t there to throw red paint on fur -coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a fUll -body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real ap

17、es （猿）！”The creative team behind “Apes” used motion-capture （动作捕捉）technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that records an actor,s performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image （图像）.In this case, one of a realist

18、ic-looking ape.Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, includ

19、ing “Water for Elephants,” “The Hangover Part II” and “Zookeeper,” have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven,t been treated properly.In some cases, it,s not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it,s the off-set train

20、ing and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States. 24. Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard?A. To see famous film stars.B. To opp

21、ose wearing fur coats.C. To raise money for animal protection.D. To express thanks to some filmmakers.25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. The cost of making “Apes.”8. The creation of digitalized apes.C. The publicity about “Apes.”D. The performance of real apes.26. What does the underline

22、d phrase “keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Listing completely.B. Directing professionally.C. Promoting successfully.D. Watching carefully.27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors?A. They may be badly treated.B. They should take further training.C. They could

23、be traded illegally.D. They would lose popularity.【答案解析】24. D 细节理解题，根据原文第一段“one activist, dressed.Thanks for not using real apes!”可知，这些动物 保护者是想感谢电影制作人没有使用真正的动物进行拍摄。25. B主旨大意题，文章第二段主要介绍了一些电影团队花费大笔资金使用动作捕捉技术来创造虚拟动物。26. D推理判断题（词义猜测），根据原文画线部分所在句可知，一个非营利性组织在娱乐电影中对如何 对待动物进行监督，并结合画线词所在句中的'monitor”可知，画线

24、短语的意思可能与，监督”接近，D项 符合此意。27. A推理判断题，根据原文最后一段“its the off-set training.filmed in the States”可推测，在电影创作过 程中如果监管不力，动物演员们可能就会因创作需要而被虐待。CWith the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation （孤独），more families arechoosing to live together.The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bri

25、ght at least, leads straight to his mother -in-law: she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.Four years ago they all moved into a three -storey Victorian house in Bristol one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living togeth

26、er under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it,s

27、 a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it?Yes, I think I would.”It,s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some

28、time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents;many more adult children are returning to the

29、 family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigene

30、rational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband,s family when they get married.28. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?D. The daughters.D. Unwilling.D. Public opinions.A. Nick.B.Rita.C

31、. Kathryn.29. What is Nick,s attitude towards sharing the house with his mothei-in-law?A. Positive.B.Carefree.C. Tolerant.30. What is the author,s statement about multigenerational family based on?A. Family traditions.B.Financial reports.C. Published statistics.31. What is the text mainly about?A. L

32、ifestyles in different countries.C. A housing problem in Britain.【答案解析】B. Conflicts between generations.D. A rising trend of living in the UK.28. B 细节理解题，根据第三段中的“but Rita Whitehead has her own.on the ground floor'可知，B 项正确。29. A推理判断题（观点态度），根据第五段中的“From my standpoint.Yes, I think I would.可知，Nick的态

33、度是支持和岳母住在一起的，所以选A项。30. C细节理解题，根据第六段中的“0£加1与reports suggest thatto 419,000 in 2013”以及第七段可知，作 者关于多世代家庭的陈述是基于官方报告中的数据，所以选C项。31. D主旨大意题，第一段为文章主旨段，再结合全文可知，本文主要介绍了英国出现越来越多的多世代同住家庭，故选D项。【语言知识】熟词生义float v.提出float the idea提出想法语块1. cut in打断（谈话）2. from one7s standpoint 从某人的立场来看3. move in迁入；搬来DWe are the p

34、roducts of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes （基因），they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle -raising pe

35、ople in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation （突变）that helps them digest milk as adults.On Thursday in an article published in Cel a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea -dwelling people in Southeast Asia have

36、evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they,ve also built houses on stilts （支柱） in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to t

37、he land,” said Rodney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much

38、 longer than us local islanders,” Dr. Jubilado said, “I could see them actually walking under the sea.”In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical

39、characteristics that made the task easier for them. “It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population,” said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.32. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragrap

40、h 1?A. Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.B. New knowledge of human evolution.C. Recent findings of human origin.D. Significance of food selection.33. Where do the Bajau build their houses?A. In valleys.B. Near rivers.C. On the beach.D. Off the coast.34. Why was the young Jubilado astonished

41、 at the Bajau?A. They could walk on stilts all day.B. They had a superb way of fishing.C. They could stay long underwater.D. They lived on both land and water.35. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at SeaB. Highlanders, Survival SkillsC. Basic Methods of Genetic

42、 ResearchD. The World,s Best Divers【答案解析】32. B细节理解题，根据第一段中的“We are the products.billions of years ago.”可知，作者认为我们的进 化不仅仅发生在数亿年前。其后所列举的例子说明人类的基因会根据环境发生变化，因而旨在告诉我们 人类进化的新知识，所以选B项。33. D细节理解题，根据第二段中的“They have traditionally.in coastal waters.”可知，答案为D项。这道 题的难点在于细节理解题中融入了语法知识的考查，D选项“off the coast”的“off”一词，

43、是表示方位的介 词，若学生对表示的方位的介词掌握得不好，这道题得分相对较难。34. C细节理解题，根据第三段中的“We were so amazed.walking under the sea.”可知，Jubilado对巴瑶人 能长时间待在水下感到非常吃惊，所以选C项。35. A主旨大意题，浏览全文可知，本文主要介绍了巴瑶人因长期在海边生活而进化出卓越的潜水能力， 因此文章标题应该与人类进化有关，故选A项。【语言知识】语块act on对起作用长难句She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of phy

44、sical characteristics that made the task easier for them.译文：她想知道是不是数百年的潜水经历引起身体特征发生了演变，从而使他们潜水更加轻松。分析：“if centuries of diving.easier for them”为宾语从句，其中“that made the task easier for them”为定语从 句，修饰先行词 "characteristics”。第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A housewarming party is a special

45、party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 36 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and h

46、opefully presents.37 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn,t a registry, a good housewarming gift is so

47、mething to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.38 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn,t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all

48、the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to new home a

49、s a gift. 40 Now most homes have central heating and don,t use fires to keep warm.A. This isn,t usual though.B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.D. If you,re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a saf

50、e place.E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter. 【答案解析】36. E设空处位于段中，设空处应符合该段落主旨，介绍乔迁聚会的举办目的，上一句"The party is a chance for

51、friends.new home”中出现的关键词“chance”和E选项相呼应，同时E项句型“北also gives people a chance”也和上一句句型相似，可知E项正确。37. B设空处位于段首，根据该段叙述可知，本段主旨为乔迁聚会的礼物选择，B项符合语境。38. C设空处位于段首，设空处下文表示“这种行为会得到赞赏，因为乔迁聚会食物供应不充足”。故设 空处应该是对该行为的描述，且为下文“This”指代的内容，故C项符合语境。39. A设空处位于段尾，上文介绍了主人有时会让客人帮忙拆礼物，A项与此相关，为这一活动的评价， 且其中的“isn,t usual”与上文中的“Someti

52、mes”呼应。40. G设空处位于段中，上文介绍了乔迁聚会（暖房聚会）的名称由来，即人们会给乔迁的主人带一些柴 火当作礼物，设空处应与送柴火有关，G项符合语境。第三部分语言知识运用第一节阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 41 can also drive you mad. They,ll come rushing in, 42 their han

53、dbag,s been stolen. They,ll 43 that they left it in the changing room, create havoc （混乱）and then 44 it had been in their car all the time. They,ll have out half the 45 in the shop, and want the only style you don,t have left in a 46 colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to pe

54、rsuade them to keep 47 .I remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was 49 absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a regular”. After a while, she 51 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week befo

55、re, was living in a flat 52 , and since she'd found it too much to cope with （应对），she'd taken it out on 53 people.That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the market. Don,t take it 56 . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she,s had a row with he

56、r husband. Maybe her child,s not 57 .“ Always water it down and don,t let your ego （自 我）get 58 . If you do, you won,t be able to 59 it and the whole thing develops into unpleasant scene and that 60 everyone,s day.41. A. shopkeepersB. customersC. salespersonsD. receptionists42. A. sayingB. pretendingC. guessingD. replying43. A. agreeB. promiseC. imagineD. swear44. A. forgetB. decideC. discoverD. assume45. A. foodsB. cataloguesC. belongingsD. goods46. A. particularB. differentC. matchingD. natural47. A. fightingB. smilingC. waitingD. changing48. A. generousB. politeC. carelessD. difficult4