四元聚焦英语——助动词类对点训练综合训练 情态动词和虚拟语气含解析

1、助动词类第一节情态动词和虚拟语气考点一：情态动词1.It is required by the rules that students _ get grades not lower than 85 in any subject in order to get the scholarship.A. will B. mayC. shall D. would【解析】C句意：根据规定，学生如果想拿奖学金，任何单科成绩不得低于85分。shall用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“应，必须”。2.They are brothers, but they do not always

2、agree with each other as they _. Quarrels break out now and then.A. can B. shouldC. may D. will【解析】B句意：他们是兄弟。但是他们却并不像本来应该的那样总是赞成对方(的观点)。争吵时常发生。根据句意可知，此处应用should表示“应该，应当”。3.According to the newly­made traffic regulation, whoever drive through red light _ be fined at least 200 dollars. A. shall B

3、. mayC. would D. should【解析】A句意：根据最新颁布的道路管理条例，任何闯红灯者将被罚款最少200美元。shall用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定。4.Hi, Lucy. Do you know where Linda is?She _ in the library. I met her there just a few minutes ago.A. shall be B. must beC. should have been D. might have been【解析】B句意：你好，露西。你知道琳达在哪里吗？她一定在图书馆。几分钟前我在那里见到她了

4、。设空处表示对现在的推断，故排除C、D两项；must(一定)符合本题要求。shall与第二、三人称连用，用于陈述句表示说话者给对方的命令、警告，不符合本题要求，故被排除。5.I don't know what to get for my father's birthday.You _ buy him a T­shirt. There are many new styles in the shop.A. need B. couldC. would D. shall【解析】B句意：我不知道该为我父亲的生日买什么礼物。你可以给他买件T恤衫。商店里有很多新款式。考查情态动词c

5、ould表示可能性。need作情态动词时不能用于肯定句；would常用于虚拟、请求或过去经常发生的事情；shall用于第二、三人称表示说话者的命令、警告、威胁、允诺等语气。6.The weatherman on the news said it might rain later on this afternoon.Well, I _ take my umbrella along with me today.A. can B. mayC. could D. must【解析】D句意：新闻中的天气预报员说今天下午晚些时候可能有雨。哦，我今天必须带雨伞。根据句意可知must(必须)符合语境。can/c

6、ould可能，能够；may也许。7.It was really tiring for me to stand in the queue for two hours to get the G­train ticket.You _. You could have got one online.A. needn't have B. needn'tC. didn't need to D. didn't need to have【解析】A句意：对于我来说排队两个小时买高铁票真是非常令人疲劳。你本来没必要(这么做)的。你可以在网上购票啊。根据It was real

7、ly tiring可知他们在谈论过去的事情。needn't have done本没必要做某事却做了，符合题意。另外needn't have done结构中need为情态动词，因此不能用didn't need to，故排除D项。8.I didn't apologize to him for being unable to inform him of the change in the plan.But you _.A. ought to have B. have toC. should D. must have【解析】A句意：我并没有因为没告诉他计划中的变化而跟他

8、道歉。但是你本该向他道歉的。根据but可知此处用ought to have，ought to have done(过去)本该做却未做的事。have to“不得不”；should“应该”，表现在或将来之意；must have(done)“(过去)想必/一定发生的事”。考点二：虚拟语气1.We _ the work on time without your help.A. hadn't had finishedB. didn't have finishedC. couldn't have finishedD. can't have finished【解析】C句意：没

9、有你们的帮助，我们不可能按时完成这项工作。without your helpif you hadn't helped us, 所以主句为We couldn't have finished the work on time。考查用介词短语代替条件状语从句的虚拟，所以选C。2.So far it has been suggested that special stress _ on pre­school education.A. is laid B. be laidC. has been laid D. have been laid【解析】B句意：到目前为止，有人建议应该

10、对学前教育特别重视。在“It is desired / suggested / proposed / recommended / necessary / important / strange / natural / a pity / essential that从句”句型中，从句的谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。3.I didn't attend Tom's wedding yesterday.I _ either，if my friend hadn't reminded me.A. wouldn't B. wouldn't haveC. di

11、dn't D. hadn't【解析】B句意：我昨天没参加汤姆的婚礼。如果我朋友没有提醒我，我也不会去。本题考查虚拟语气。根据I didn't attend可知婚礼是在过去，因此这是与过去事实相反的假设，主句使用would have done，从句用had done，故选B项。4.The little boy has a strange idea that if he _ born in America, he would not study English.A. were B. would beC. had been D. has been【解析】C句意：这个小男孩有一

12、个奇怪的想法：如果他出生于美国，他就不用学英语了。本题考查虚拟语气。that if he _ born in America, he would not study English是idea的同位语从句，根据句意可知该同位语从句是错综时间条件句，从would not study可知主句是与现在事实相反的假设，条件句是与过去事实相反的假设，故正确答案为C项。5.Do you think the thief entered through the garage door?No. If he had, he _ the living room window.A. wouldn't have

13、brokenB. hadn't brokenC. hasn't brokenD. didn't break【解析】A考查虚拟语气。句意：你认为小偷是从车库门进入的吗？不。如果他是这样进入的话，他就不会打破客厅的窗户了。根据句意可知，此处表示的是与过去事实相反的假设，主句应使用would/should/could(not)have done形式。1.He looks very hot and dry.So _ if you had a temperature of 103.A. would you B. will youC. would you have been D.

14、do you【解析】A句意：他看起来很热，很渴。如果你发烧到103(华氏)度，你也会这样的。根据句意可知，这是一个与现在事实相反的假设，主句可使用“主语would/could/might动词原形”形式，故选择A项。“so助动词/情态动词/系动词主语”意为“也一样”。2.Jack, turn off the TV! Isn't it high time that you _ John's birthday party?I get it, mom!A. must leave for B. will leave forC. left for D. is leaving for【解析】

15、C句意：杰克，关掉电视！难道你不该去参加约翰的生日聚会了？知道了，妈妈。“Itis(high/about)time(that)主语过去式/should do/be”是个常用句型，意为“到的时候，应该”。3.It is beyond my understanding that many adults _ be so crazy about Harry Potter series.A. will B. canC. may D. should【解析】D句意：很多成年人居然对哈利·波特系列这么上瘾，对此我不能理解。这里用should表示“居然，竟然”。其他选项都没有这个含义。4.I'

16、m as busy as a bee；_ you bother me with so many questions now?A. may B. mustC. can D. shall【解析】B句意：我忙得不可开交；为什么你偏要现在拿这么多的问题来打扰我呢？must表示与说话人相反的愿望或语气不耐烦，意为“偏偏，偏要”。5.The school recommends parents _ their children to swim in rivers or lakes during summer holidays.A. not permit B. do not permitC. mustn

17、9;t permit D. couldn't permit【解析】A句意：学校建议家长在暑假期间不允许孩子在河里或湖里游泳。recommend后的宾语从句用虚拟语气should not permit，而should可以省略。6.The job required _ did it _ careful and brave enough.A. who; you B. whom; wasC. whomever; were D. whoever; be【解析】D句意：这项工作要求任何一个做这项工作的人必须足够地胆大心细。第一个空格处既要引导宾语从句还要作从句的主语，需要使用whoever；英语中

18、的某些动词，如require，suggest，advise，request，propose等的后面接宾语从句时，从句要使用“(should)do /be done/be”形式，故选择D项。7.It's too bad that I failed in the math exam. If only I _ hard at it!A. worked B. had workedC. has worked D. would work【解析】B句意：我数学考试不及格，这真是太糟糕了；要是我之前努力学习了该多好。if only意为“要是多好”，它后面的从句要用虚拟语气。根据句意可知，此处是与过去事

19、实相反的假设，要使用过去完成时。8.A survey has shown that 40% of those killed in traffic accidents _ if they had been wearing seat belts.A. should have been savedB. must have been savedC. need have been savedD. could have been saved【解析】D句意：一份调查已经显示在交通事故中40%的死亡人员本来能够被救的，如果他们之前一直系着安全带的话。could have done本来能够；should hav

20、e done本该做而实际上没有做；must have done想必是，一定是；need have done本来需要做而实际未做。9.You _ make mistakes, but that is the way you learn how things work and how to mend them.A. may B. mustC. need D. will【解析】A句意：你可以犯错误，但那也是你了解事情是如何发展和应该如何补救的方法。考查may表示“可以”。10.Suppose you could go camping this weekend, how _ you feel?A. w

21、ill B. wouldC. can D. do【解析】B句意：假设你本周末去野营，你会是怎样的感觉？suppose引导的从句相当于if引导的条件状语从句，句子中的主、从句皆与将来事实相反，故主句谓语动词应为：would/should/could/might动词原形。11.This city is a dull place to live in.How surprising that you _ think so! I love it very much.A. shall B. mustC. might D. should【解析】D句意：住在这个城市真无聊。你竟然这么想，真叫人吃惊！我很喜欢它

22、。本题考查情态动词。should用在某些形容词(important，necessary，natural等)之后的that从句中，意为：竟然，表示惊讶的语气。12.Tom is still unhappy today.It's all your fault. You _ to him yesterday for your mindless mistake.A. should apologizeB. should have apologizedC. shouldn't have apologizedD. must apologize【解析】B句意：汤姆今天还不高兴。都怪你。你昨天本

23、应该为你愚蠢的错误道歉。B：过去本该做却未做；A、D：指现在或将来；C：过去本不该做却做了。13.My demand is that the information referred to in my report _ to Mr. Brown without delay.A. to be e­mailed B. e­mailedC. be e­mailed D. being e­mailed【解析】C句意：我的要求是，我报告中提到的信息要立刻通过电子邮件发给布朗先生。英语中的某些名词，如demand，request，requirement，sugges

24、tion，advice，proposal等的后面接同位语从句或表语从句时，从句中要使用虚拟语气，即“(should)do/be done”形式。14.I'd rather _ rudely to her yesterday.A. you not speakB. you not speakingC. you didn't speakD. you hadn't spoken【解析】D句意：我宁愿你昨天没有那么粗鲁地与她说话。would rather后的宾语从句需要使用虚拟语气。本题中的yesterday说明此题要使用与过去事实相反的假设，即从句使用过去完成时。15.They

25、 were offered two free tickets to the USA. Otherwise, they _ able to afford to go.A. had never beenB. have never beenC. would never beD. would never have been【解析】D句意：有人给他们提供了两张去美国的免费机票。否则，他们将永远不能负担得起去美国(的开支)。根据句意和They were offered可知Otherwise实际指代的条件状语从句是If they hadn't been offered two free ticket

26、s to the USA；题干中涉及的是与过去事实相反的假设，主句要使用would/could/should/might have done。16.You could understand what he is referring to if you _ his lecture yesterday.A. attended B. had attendedC. have attended D. would have attended【解析】B句意：如果你昨天听了他的演讲的话，你就能理解他正在指的是什么了。根据句意可知，题干中涉及的是与过去事实相反的假设，故使用过去完成时态。17.How I wis

27、h I _ in medicine instead of history when I was at college!A. had majored B. should majorC. majored D. would majored【解析】A句意：我是多么希望在上大学时我选择了主修医学而不是主修历史！题干中wish后表示的是与过去事实相反的假设，故使用过去完成时态。18.It is important to know about the cultural differences that _ cause problems.A. must B. dareC. may D. shall【解析】C句

28、意：了解有可能会带来麻烦的文化差异是重要的。此处may表示不确定的推测，意思是“有可能”。19.What kind of apartment do you want to rent? A large one, Mr. Smith?Eh, it _ be a large one, as my family is not large.A. wouldn't B. needn'tC. shouldn't D. can't【解析】B句意：你想租一套什么样的公寓，Smith先生？一套大的吗？哦，没有必要，因为我家的人不多。根据答语中as my family is not

29、large的提示可知，答话人觉得没有必要租一套大公寓，故用needn't。20.I just _ get it into my little son's head how important it is to be honest.A. mustn't B. won'tC. can't D. needn't【解析】C句意：我无法让我的小儿子明白诚实的重要性。getinto one's headunderstand，表示“明白”。can't“不能，不会”。21.She would always be an outside here,

30、no matter how much she _ try.A. could B. mustC. might D. need【解析】C句意：不管她如何努力，她在这里总是一个局外人。might表示“可能”，符合题意。22.I wonder why Mr. Green hasn't showed up at the meeting yet.I'm not sure, but he _ in a traffic jam driving here.A. must be stuckB. might have stuckC. might have been stuckD. must have

31、 stuck【解析】C句意：我想知道为什么格林先生为什么还没到会场。我不确定，但他可能开车来时遇上交通受阻了。根据句意可知，主语he与谓语动词stick之间为被动关系，需要被动语态，故排除B项和D项。A项意为“肯定受阻”，C项意为“也许受阻”。根据题干I'm not sure可知，正确答案为C项。23.What are you doing, Mike? Be quick.To be on the safe side, I'd bring some water, for the baby _ feel thirsty on the way.A. must B. willC. might D. need【解析】C句意：迈克，你在干什么？快点。为了安全起见，我要带点水，因为婴儿在路上可能会感到渴。考查具体事情实际发生的可能性，属于对将来的不确定的推测。根据题意选用might，表示“或许有这种可能性”。24._ the help from the doctor, the little boy _ his life.A. Apart from; should have lostB. Without; co