高中定语从句十大考点总结计划.doc

1、定语从句的十大考点修饰名词或者代词的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的名词或者代词叫先行词； 定语从句的引导词叫关系词（关系代词&关系副词）；定语从句分为限定性定语从 句和非限定性定语从句（前有逗号隔开）引导定语从句的关系代词有：ihatwhrh who whom whose as关系副词有： w hen w here w hy定语从句的十大考点1. 1hat与whh在指代物时的用法区别that和which都可以引导先行词为物的定语从句，但是用法有区别：（1）只能用that的情况a.先行词为，等不定代词时；b.先行词被 a every, no, any, som e, little, m uc

2、h, one 修饰时；c.先行词被 the onfy, the very, the sam e, the last修饰时；d.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；e.先行词是be的表语或fiere be的主语时；f先行词有人又有物时；g.当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。9）只能用whrh的两种情况a.非限定性定语从句中b.关系代词前面有介词时 G alileo builta telescope through which he could study the skies.2. whrh与as的区别as和whi±都可以引非限制性定从句，三种情况下只能用as,不能用whr

3、ha. as置于句首引定从句( A s w e know , )b. as 含有“正如”之意(as w e expected)c. 先行 前有 such, the sam e 修 (such an easy question as fie littie boy can answ er) A s is often the case 等。3. who、whom 、that的区a.先行指人的不定代,如those或people ,常用关系代who,不用thatb.介之后用关系代whom引定从句c.当先行是一个限定性的表示人的特定名，不用1hat如：The auntw ho cam e to see u

4、s hstw eekis m y ferther ' s younger sister4. whose 用法“ w hose表”示(可以人也可以物)的(西)例：A child w hose parents are dead is called an orphan (“w hose parents 表” 示那个孩子的双)H e lives h a room w hose w hdow feces south (. w hose 表''示那个房子的窗)whose表所属关系指物,可与of which ,序一般是：名 + ofw hrhLook atthe building ,

5、 the roofofwhrh (= whose roof)is white .5. 介+关系代引定从句的用法a.介词之后的关系代词只能用whkh （先行词为物）或者是whom （先行词为人）b.介词的选择方法有三个原则：一 “先”二“动”三“意义”I bstm y pen, w ilh which I took notes.冼;行词为 pen,使用钢笔用 w ith）This is the house h w hrh he lives.定（语从句中谓语动词live为不及物动词）The gas is oxygen w ithoutw hrh w e can 根据，句 t意 比e 决.定。6.

6、先行词为w ay时先行词为way,在定语从句中作状语时，用1hat, in which引导定语从句，也 可以省略关系词。e.g. Idon ' tlike the way（that/h whrh） he speaks to his parents.7. 关系副词when、where、when引导定语从句的具体用法 先行词表示时间、地点、原因时，在定语从句中作状语，选择相应的 关系副词when、wheie、why引导定语从句。若其在定语从句中作主语或宾语， 则选择关系代词引导定语从句。区别三组例句：a. This is the place where he lives.a. This i

7、s the phce that4vhrh he visited lastyearb. Istillrem em ber the tin e w hen m y brotherw as a little boy.b.IstUlrem em ber the tin e that/vhrh w e spenttogefierc. This is the reason w hy he w as late.c.This is the reason that/vhrh he gave us.某些非地点时间名词用定语从句修饰，关系词在从句中作状语，由 where 弓| 导定语从句 （stage, case,

8、 point, siliiatbripositbn）； 同样用法的还有 occasion,由when引导定语从句。e.g. lean thhk ofm any cases where students know a btofwolds but don write a good essay.There are m any occasions w hen people don' tknow what由6y want8 .定语从句中的谓语动词关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词应该与先行词保 持一致。e.g. Anyone who wants to have a holiday

9、 puts up yourhand.Those w ho w antto have a holiday putup yourhand.This is one of the students w ho have passed the exam .This is the ony one of the students w ho has passed the exam .9 .区分定语从句和其他句型区别于简单句和并列句There are 70stddents h our class , m ostofw hom are boys.徒语从句）There are 70stndents h ourchss

10、 , and m ostof 1hem are boys.（并歹U句）There are 70students h ourclass . M ostoflhem are boys.（简单句）区别于强调句型It is h the fectory thathe works. G虽调句型）It is the fectory where he w oiks.（定语从句）区别于同位语从句The news thatshe had passed 1he exam excited us （,同位语从句： 对名词 解释说明）The new s thathe told us excited us.（定语从句：对名

11、词修饰限定）区别于状语从句D o you know the tin e w hen fie chss is over?定(语从句，有先行词)Let? s phy gam esw hen the class is over (,时间状语从句，无先行词)Putthe bookwheie itbebngs.地点状语从句，无先行词)10 .定语从句中关系词的省略定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词可以省略，介词之后的关系代词不可省 略。This is the house which he lives h. (J)This is the house he lives h. (J)This is the hous

12、e h which he lives. (J)This is the house h he lives. (x )练习题：工用相应的关系代词或关系副词填空。1. H e m akes hin self a sheep shallbe eaten by the w ol£2. I know the reason he w as angery.3. You can take anything you like.4. 0 urhom etow n is no bngerthe one itused to be .5. H e is a m an w e should bam .7. In

13、the dark street, there wasn ' ta shgle person to she could turn forheb.8. H e cam e the day Iw as out9. Ilive h the room he used to live.10. H ave you asked hin the reason m ay explain his success?11. l.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonlivhg things h an area interactw ith one another12

14、. is often the case w ith children, Am y w as betterby the tin e the doctor arrived.15. H e w rote a letter he exphhed w hathad happened h the accidentn用定语从句翻译下面的句子。1 .我的故乡已不再是过去的那个面貌了。2 .你知道刚才和我们打招呼的人是谁吗?3 .他是第一个给我们提出有用建议的人。4 .正如我们大家所知，一切能做的事情都做了。5 .这是自 年以来出版的最精彩的小说O年1. S om e experts thhk reading

15、is the fiindam entalskillupon schooleducatbn depends.A. itB. fiatC . whose D . which【安徽】2. C hha Today attracts a w orldw ide readerehp,show s thatm ore and m ore people allover the w orld w ant to Jeam aboutC hha.A. w ho B. w hom C . thatD . w hich 【福建】3. The num berofsm okers,is reported, has drop

16、ped by 17 percents jistone yearA. itB. w hrh C . w hatD . as 【江苏】4. A s the sm a lie st child ofhis fem ily, A lex is alv ays bnghg for the tin e he should be able to be independentA. w hich B. w here C . w hom D . w hen 【陕西】A , w here B. w hfch C . w hen D . w ho 【天津】6. H e w rote m any children &#

17、39; s books, nearly half of w ere published h the1990s.A. w hom B. w hich C . them D . that【重庆】7. The books on 1he desk,covers aie shiny,are prizes ferus.A . w hrh B .w hatC .w hose D .1hat【四川】8. Opposite is StPaul ' s C hutch,you can hear som e bve 卜 m usic.A .w hich B .thatC .w hen D .w here【北

18、京】9. Creating an ata ospheie em pbyees feelpartofa team is a big challenge.A. as B. w hose C . h w hrh D . atw hrh 【浙江】10.1 t is a tally dejghtfiilplace,boks the sam e as itm usthave done 100 years ago w ith its w tiding streets and pretty cottages.A. as B. w here C . IhatD . w hich 【湖南】n下面句子中有一处错误请改正。H ere is so big a stone thatno one can liftSom